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Pre-trained large language models (LLMs) based on Transformer have demonstrated striking in-context learning (ICL) abilities. With a few demonstration input-label pairs, they can predict the label for an unseen input without any parameter…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2024-10-15 Xinhao Yao , Xiaolin Hu , Shenzhi Yang , Yong Liu

Integrating Automatic Speech Recognition (ASR) into Speech Emotion Recognition (SER) enhances modeling by providing linguistic context. However, conventional feature fusion faces performance bottlenecks, and multi-task learning often…

Audio and Speech Processing · Electrical Eng. & Systems 2026-03-27 Chia-Yu Lee , Huang-Cheng Chou , Tzu-Quan Lin , Yuanchao Li , Ya-Tse Wu , Shrikanth Narayanan , Chi-Chun Lee

Singular Value Decomposition (SVD) constitutes a bridge between the linear algebra concepts and multi-layer neural networks---it is their linear analogy. Besides of this insight, it can be used as a good initial guess for the network…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2019-09-16 Bernhard Bermeitinger , Tomas Hrycej , Siegfried Handschuh

Adaptive gradient methods, such as AdaGrad, are among the most successful optimization algorithms for neural network training. While these methods are known to achieve better dimensional dependence than stochastic gradient descent (SGD) for…

Optimization and Control · Mathematics 2025-06-09 Ruichen Jiang , Devyani Maladkar , Aryan Mokhtari

The Key-Value (KV) cache is central to the efficiency of transformer-based large language models (LLMs), storing previously computed vectors to accelerate inference. Yet, as sequence length and batch size grow, the cache becomes a major…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2025-12-08 Damien Lesens , Beheshteh T. Rakhshan , Guillaume Rabusseau

We introduce MADGRAD, a novel optimization method in the family of AdaGrad adaptive gradient methods. MADGRAD shows excellent performance on deep learning optimization problems from multiple fields, including classification and…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2021-08-27 Aaron Defazio , Samy Jelassi

Most of the existing works in supervised spatio-temporal video super-resolution (STVSR) heavily rely on a large-scale external dataset consisting of paired low-resolution low-frame rate (LR-LFR)and high-resolution high-frame-rate (HR-HFR)…

Image and Video Processing · Electrical Eng. & Systems 2021-08-09 Akash Gupta , Padmaja Jonnalagedda , Bir Bhanu , Amit K. Roy-Chowdhury

The singular value decomposition (SVD) allows to write a matrix as a product of a left singular vectors matrix, a nonnegative singular values diagonal matrix and a right singular vectors matrix. Among the applications of the SVD are the…

Numerical Analysis · Mathematics 2025-12-09 Doulaye Dembele

Stochastic gradient descent (SGD) has taken the stage as the primary workhorse for large-scale machine learning. It is often used with its adaptive variants such as AdaGrad, Adam, and AMSGrad. This paper proposes an adaptive stochastic…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2021-01-01 Tianyi Chen , Ziye Guo , Yuejiao Sun , Wotao Yin

Memory and network bandwidth are decisive bottlenecks when handling high-resolution multidimensional data sets in visualization applications, and they increasingly demand suitable data compression strategies. We introduce a novel lossy…

Graphics · Computer Science 2019-03-12 Rafael Ballester-Ripoll , Peter Lindstrom , Renato Pajarola

Recent advancements in Vision-Language (VL) models have sparked interest in their deployment on edge devices, yet challenges in handling diverse visual modalities, manual annotation, and computational constraints remain. We introduce…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2024-10-02 Kaiwen Cai , Zhekai Duan , Gaowen Liu , Charles Fleming , Chris Xiaoxuan Lu

Automatic speech recognition (ASR) systems based on large language models (LLMs) achieve superior performance by leveraging pretrained LLMs as decoders, but their token-by-token generation mechanism leads to inference latency that grows…

Sound · Computer Science 2026-01-27 Wenjie Tian , Bingshen Mu , Guobin Ma , Xuelong Geng , Zhixian Zhao , Lei Xie

Large language model (LLM) inference often suffers from high decoding latency and limited scalability across heterogeneous edge-cloud environments. Existing speculative decoding (SD) techniques accelerate token generation but remain…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2025-12-02 Fengze Yu , Leshu Li , Brad McDanel , Sai Qian Zhang

Singular Value Decomposition (SVD) is a powerful tool in linear algebra.We propose an extension of SVD for both the qualitative detection and quantitative determination of nonlinearity in a time series. The paper illustrates nonlinear SVD…

Chaotic Dynamics · Physics 2009-02-11 Prabhakar G. Vaidya , Sajini Anand P. S , Nithin Nagaraj

Large language models (LLMs) demonstrate remarkable capabilities but face substantial serving costs due to their high memory demands, with the key-value (KV) cache being a primary bottleneck. State-of-the-art KV cache compression…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2025-09-03 Yanqi Zhang , Yuwei Hu , Runyuan Zhao , John C. S. Lui , Haibo Chen

This article introduces a novel methodology that integrates singular value decomposition (SVD) with a shallow linear neural network for forecasting high resolution fluid mechanics data. The method, termed LC-SVD-DLinear, combines a low-cost…

Fluid Dynamics · Physics 2024-11-27 Ashton Hetherington , Javier López Leonés , Soledad Le Clainche

Aligning Large Language Models (LLMs) to cater to different human preferences, learning new skills, and unlearning harmful behavior is an important problem. Search-based methods, such as Best-of-N or Monte-Carlo Tree Search, are performant,…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2024-05-13 Seungwook Han , Idan Shenfeld , Akash Srivastava , Yoon Kim , Pulkit Agrawal

We introduce Variational Latent Mode Decomposition (VLMD), a new algorithm for extracting oscillatory modes and associated connectivity structures from multivariate signals. VLMD addresses key limitations of existing Multivariate Mode…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2025-05-26 Manuel Morante , Naveed ur Rehman

Speculative decoding significantly accelerates language model inference by enabling a lightweight draft model to propose multiple tokens that a larger target model verifies simultaneously. However, applying this technique to vision-language…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2025-05-20 Mugilan Ganesan , Shane Segal , Ankur Aggarwal , Nish Sinnadurai , Sean Lie , Vithursan Thangarasa

Parameter-Efficient Fine-Tuning (PEFT), especially Low-Rank Adaptation (LoRA), has emerged as a promising approach to fine-tuning large language models(LLMs) while reducing computational and memory overhead. However, LoRA assumes a uniform…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2025-12-15 Hao Zhang , Zhenjia Li , Runfeng Bao , Yifan Gao , Xi Xiao , Heng Zhang , Shuyang Zhang , Bo Huang , Yuhang Wu , Tianyang Wang , Hao Xu