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As the size of Deep Neural Networks (DNNs) increases dramatically to achieve high accuracy, the DNNs require a large amount of computations and memory footprint. Pruning, which produces a sparse neural network, is one of the solutions to…

Hardware Architecture · Computer Science 2026-04-30 Hyunsung Yoon , Sungju Ryu , Jae-Joon Kim

Sparse training is a natural idea to accelerate the training speed of deep neural networks and save the memory usage, especially since large modern neural networks are significantly over-parameterized. However, most of the existing methods…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2021-11-11 Xiao Zhou , Weizhong Zhang , Zonghao Chen , Shizhe Diao , Tong Zhang

With the increasing reliance of users on smart devices, bringing essential computation at the edge has become a crucial requirement for any type of business. Many such computations utilize Convolution Neural Networks (CNNs) to perform AI…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2022-01-17 Tanmay Jain , Avaneesh , Rohit Verma , Rajeev Shorey

Extremely efficient convolutional neural network architectures are one of the most important requirements for limited-resource devices (such as embedded and mobile devices). The computing power and memory size are two important constraints…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2021-03-09 Fahimeh Fooladgar , Shohreh Kasaei

The deployment of deep neural networks (DNNs) in privacy-sensitive environments is constrained by computational overheads in fully homomorphic encryption (FHE). This paper explores unstructured sparsity in FHE matrix multiplication schemes…

Cryptography and Security · Computer Science 2025-04-04 Aidan Ferguson , Perry Gibson , Lara D'Agata , Parker McLeod , Ferhat Yaman , Amitabh Das , Ian Colbert , José Cano

In modern deep learning, algorithmic choices (such as width, depth, and learning rate) are known to modulate nuanced resource tradeoffs. This work investigates how these complexities necessarily arise for feature learning in the presence of…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2023-10-31 Benjamin L. Edelman , Surbhi Goel , Sham Kakade , Eran Malach , Cyril Zhang

Spiking Neural Networks (SNNs) are highly efficient due to their spike-based activation, which inherently produces bit-sparse computation patterns. Existing hardware implementations of SNNs leverage this sparsity pattern to avoid wasteful…

Hardware Architecture · Computer Science 2025-04-04 Chiyue Wei , Cong Guo , Feng Cheng , Shiyu Li , Hao "Frank" Yang , Hai "Helen" Li , Yiran Chen

The growing gap between the increasing complexity of large language models (LLMs) and the limited computational budgets of edge devices poses a key challenge for efficient on-device inference, despite gradual improvements in hardware…

Distributed, Parallel, and Cluster Computing · Computer Science 2025-11-06 Xiangchen Li , Dimitrios Spatharakis , Saeid Ghafouri , Jiakun Fan , Hans Vandierendonck , Deepu John , Bo Ji , Dimitrios Nikolopoulos

Sequence modeling tasks across domains such as natural language processing, time series forecasting, and control require learning complex input-output mappings. Nonlinear recurrence is theoretically required for universal approximation of…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2026-01-13 Manuel Brenner , Georgia Koppe

Sparse connectivity is a hallmark of the brain and a desired property of artificial neural networks. It promotes energy efficiency, simplifies training, and enhances the robustness of network function. Thus, a detailed understanding of how…

Disordered Systems and Neural Networks · Physics 2024-09-10 Mirza M. Junaid Baig , Armen Stepanyants

This paper presents GPU performance optimization and scaling results for inference models of the Sparse Deep Neural Network Challenge 2020. Demands for network quality have increased rapidly, pushing the size and thus the memory…

Distributed, Parallel, and Cluster Computing · Computer Science 2020-09-04 Mert Hidayetoglu , Carl Pearson , Vikram Sharma Mailthody , Eiman Ebrahimi , Jinjun Xiong , Rakesh Nagi , Wen-Mei Hwu

Sparse neural networks have shown similar or better generalization performance than their dense counterparts while having higher parameter efficiency. This has motivated a number of works to learn or search for high performing sparse…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2024-03-15 Rezsa Farahani

To address the challenge of increasing network size, researchers have developed sparse models through network pruning. However, maintaining model accuracy while achieving significant speedups on general computing devices remains an open…

Artificial Intelligence · Computer Science 2023-10-31 Haitao Xu , Songwei Liu , Yuyang Xu , Shuai Wang , Jiashi Li , Chenqian Yan , Liangqiang Li , Lean Fu , Xin Pan , Fangmin Chen

Sparsity is an intrinsic property of convolutional neural network(CNN) and worth exploiting for CNN accelerators, but extra processing comes with hardware overhead, causing many architectures suffering from only minor profit. Meanwhile,…

Hardware Architecture · Computer Science 2022-09-26 Wenhao Sun , Deng Liu , Zhiwei Zou , Wendi Sun , Yi Kang , Song Chen

Inducing sparseness while training neural networks has been shown to yield models with a lower memory footprint but similar effectiveness to dense models. However, sparseness is typically induced starting from a dense model, and thus this…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2022-03-30 Thomas Demeester , Johannes Deleu , Fréderic Godin , Chris Develder

Deep Neural Networks (DNNs) are widely applied across domains and have shown strong effectiveness. As DNN workloads increasingly run on CPUs, dedicated Matrix Processing Units (MPUs) and Matrix Instruction Set Architectures (ISAs) have been…

Hardware Architecture · Computer Science 2025-11-20 Xin Yang , Xin Fan , Zengshi Wang , Jun Han

Exploiting sparsity underlying neural networks has become one of the most potential methodologies to reduce the memory footprint, I/O cost, and computation workloads during inference. And the degree of sparsity one can exploit has become…

Hardware Architecture · Computer Science 2022-07-19 Ian En-Hsu Yen , Zhibin Xiao , Dongkuan Xu

That neural networks may be pruned to high sparsities and retain high accuracy is well established. Recent research efforts focus on pruning immediately after initialization so as to allow the computational savings afforded by sparsity to…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2022-01-28 Ilan Price , Jared Tanner

Residual neural networks (ResNets) are a promising class of deep neural networks that have shown excellent performance for a number of learning tasks, e.g., image classification and recognition. Mathematically, ResNet architectures can be…

Optimization and Control · Mathematics 2019-07-26 S. Günther , L. Ruthotto , J. B. Schroder , E. C. Cyr , N. R. Gauger

More than 70% of cloud computing is paid for but sits idle. A large fraction of these idle compute are cheap CPUs with few cores that are not utilized during the less busy hours. This paper aims to enable those CPU cycles to train…

Distributed, Parallel, and Cluster Computing · Computer Science 2022-02-01 Minghao Yan , Nicholas Meisburger , Tharun Medini , Anshumali Shrivastava
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