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In this work, we provide a systematic analysis of how large language models (LLMs) contribute to solving planning problems. In particular, we examine how LLMs perform when they are used as problem solver, solution verifier, and heuristic…

Artificial Intelligence · Computer Science 2024-12-16 Haoming Li , Zhaoliang Chen , Songyuan Liu , Yiming Lu , Fei Liu

Logical reasoning is essential for large language models (LLMs) to ensure accurate and coherent inference. However, LLMs struggle with reasoning order variations and fail to generalize across logically equivalent transformations. LLMs often…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2025-11-11 Qianxi He , Qianyu He , Jiaqing Liang , Yanghua Xiao , Weikang Zhou , Zeye Sun , Fei Yu

Numeral systems and units of measurement are two conjoined topics in activities of human beings and have mutual effects with the languages expressing them. Currently, the evaluation of Large Language Models (LLMs) often involves…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2024-06-06 Ancheng Xu , Minghuan Tan , Lei Wang , Min Yang , Ruifeng Xu

Large language models (LLMs) process and predict sequences containing text to answer questions, and address tasks including document summarization, providing recommendations, writing software and solving quantitative problems. We provide a…

Numerical Analysis · Mathematics 2026-02-02 Ricardo Baptista , Andrew Stuart , Son Tran

In this paper we examine the limitations of Large Language Models (LLMs) for complex reasoning tasks. Although recent works have started to employ formal languages as an intermediate representation for reasoning tasks, they often face…

Logic in Computer Science · Computer Science 2024-08-07 Shashank Kirtania , Priyanshu Gupta , Arjun Radhakirshna

Large Language Models (LLMs) have shown human-like reasoning abilities but still struggle with complex logical problems. This paper introduces a novel framework, Logic-LM, which integrates LLMs with symbolic solvers to improve logical…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2023-10-20 Liangming Pan , Alon Albalak , Xinyi Wang , William Yang Wang

Researchers have made notable progress in applying Large Language Models (LLMs) to solve math problems, as demonstrated through efforts like GSM8k, ProofNet, AlphaGeometry, and MathOdyssey. This progress has sparked interest in their…

Human-Computer Interaction · Computer Science 2025-03-24 Adit Gupta , Jennifer Reddig , Tommaso Calo , Daniel Weitekamp , Christopher J. MacLellan

Large Language Models (LLMs) have significantly advanced natural language processing, demonstrating exceptional reasoning, tool usage, and memory capabilities. As their applications expand into multi-agent environments, there arises a need…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2024-11-28 Lin Xu , Zhiyuan Hu , Daquan Zhou , Hongyu Ren , Zhen Dong , Kurt Keutzer , See Kiong Ng , Jiashi Feng

With the development of artificial intelligence (AI), large language models (LLM) are widely used in many fields. However, the reasoning ability of LLM is still very limited when it comes to mathematical reasoning. Mathematics plays an…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2024-08-06 Wenbei Xie , Donglin Liu , Haoran Yan , Wenjie Wu , Zongyang Liu

Large language models (LLMs) and Vision-Language Models (VLMs) have been proven to excel at multiple tasks, such as commonsense reasoning. Powerful as these models can be, they are not grounded in the 3D physical world, which involves…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2023-07-25 Yining Hong , Haoyu Zhen , Peihao Chen , Shuhong Zheng , Yilun Du , Zhenfang Chen , Chuang Gan

How do transformer-based large language models (LLMs) store and retrieve knowledge? We focus on the most basic form of this task -- factual recall, where the model is tasked with explicitly surfacing stored facts in prompts of form `Fact:…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2024-02-14 Bilal Chughtai , Alan Cooney , Neel Nanda

The increasing capacities of large language models (LLMs) have been shown to present an unprecedented opportunity to scale up data analytics in the humanities and social sciences, by automating complex qualitative tasks otherwise typically…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2024-10-22 Andres Karjus

Large language models (LLMs) have proven to be highly effective for solving complex reasoning tasks. Surprisingly, their capabilities can often be improved by iterating on previously generated solutions. In this context, a reasoning plan…

Artificial Intelligence · Computer Science 2025-12-05 MohammadHossein Bateni , Vincent Cohen-Addad , Yuzhou Gu , Silvio Lattanzi , Simon Meierhans , Christopher Mohri

Large Language Models (LLMs) have succeeded remarkably in various natural language processing (NLP) tasks, yet their reasoning capabilities remain a fundamental challenge. While LLMs exhibit impressive fluency and factual recall, their…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2025-05-29 Avinash Patil , Aryan Jadon

Recent advancements in the reasoning skills of Large Language Models (LLMs) demonstrate an increase in the ability of LLMs to solve simple planning tasks. However, as long as the driving force behind improved reasoning capability is the…

Artificial Intelligence · Computer Science 2025-02-03 Andrey Borro , Patricia J Riddle , Michael W Barley , Michael J Witbrock

Large language models (LLMs) increasingly help people solve problems, from debugging code to repairing machinery. This process requires generating plausible hypotheses from partial descriptions, then updating them as more information…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2026-05-08 Hua-Dong Xiong

Recent years have seen important advances in the building of interpretable models, machine learning models that are designed to be easily understood by humans. In this work, we show that large language models (LLMs) are remarkably good at…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2024-02-23 Sebastian Bordt , Ben Lengerich , Harsha Nori , Rich Caruana

Autoregressive large language models (LLMs) exhibit impressive performance across various tasks but struggle with simple arithmetic, such as addition of two or more operands. We show that this struggle arises from LLMs' use of a simple…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2025-02-28 Tanja Baeumel , Josef van Genabith , Simon Ostermann

Logical reasoning is a fundamental aspect of human intelligence and a key component of tasks like problem-solving and decision-making. Recent advancements have enabled Large Language Models (LLMs) to potentially exhibit reasoning…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2023-11-13 Jiazhan Feng , Ruochen Xu , Junheng Hao , Hiteshi Sharma , Yelong Shen , Dongyan Zhao , Weizhu Chen

Large language models have been proven to be capable of handling complex linguistic and cognitive tasks. Therefore their usage has been extended to tasks requiring logical reasoning ability such as Mathematics. In this paper, we propose a…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2024-05-24 Saksham Sahai Srivastava , Ashutosh Gandhi