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In this work, we propose a novel prior learning method for advancing generalization and uncertainty estimation in deep neural networks. The key idea is to exploit scalable and structured posteriors of neural networks as informative priors…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2026-03-31 Dominik Schnaus , Jongseok Lee , Daniel Cremers , Rudolph Triebel

Autonomous driving and advanced active safety features require accurate high-resolution sensing capabilities. Automotive radars are the key component of the vehicle sensing suit. However, when these radars operate in proximity to flat…

Signal Processing · Electrical Eng. & Systems 2023-05-15 Moshe Levy-Israel , Igal Bilik , Joseph Tabrikian

The best possible precision is one of the key figures in metrology, but this is established by the exact response of the detection apparatus, which is often unknown. There exist techniques for detector characterisation, that have been…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2016-03-23 Matteo Altorio , Marco G. Genoni , Fabrizia Somma , Marco Barbieri

The quantum Fisher information constrains the achievable precision in parameter estimation via the quantum Cram\'er-Rao bound, which has attracted much attention in Hermitian systems since the 60s of the last century. However, less…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2021-03-15 Jianning Li , Haodi Liu , Zhihai Wang , Xuexi Yi

Bayesian neural networks (BNNs) have been long considered an ideal, yet unscalable solution for improving the robustness and the predictive uncertainty of deep neural networks. While they could capture more accurately the posterior…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2021-03-26 Gianni Franchi , Andrei Bursuc , Emanuel Aldea , Severine Dubuisson , Isabelle Bloch

Robot learning is often difficult due to the expense of gathering data. The need for large amounts of data can, and should, be tackled with effective algorithms and leveraging expert information on robot dynamics. Bayesian reinforcement…

Robotics · Computer Science 2023-07-25 Hai Nguyen , Sammie Katt , Yuchen Xiao , Christopher Amato

Causal representation learning (CRL) aims to learn low-dimensional causal latent variables from high-dimensional observations. While identifiability has been extensively studied for CRL, estimation has been less explored. In this paper, we…

Machine Learning · Statistics 2026-03-24 Bohan Wu , Julius von Kügelgen , David M. Blei

In this work, we aim to establish a Bayesian adaptive learning framework by focusing on estimating latent variables in deep neural network (DNN) models. Latent variables indeed encode both transferable distributional information and…

Audio and Speech Processing · Electrical Eng. & Systems 2024-01-26 Hu Hu , Sabato Marco Siniscalchi , Chin-Hui Lee

In many estimation theory and statistical analysis problems, the true data model is unknown, or partially unknown. To describe the model generating the data, parameterized models of some degree are used. A question that arises is which…

Signal Processing · Electrical Eng. & Systems 2025-04-08 Nadav E. Rosenthal , Joseph Tabrikian

This paper has studied the problem of detecting a range-spread target in interference and noise when the number of training data is limited. The interference is located within a certain subspace with an unknown coordinate, while the noise…

Methodology · Statistics 2025-05-07 Daipeng Xiao , Weijian Liu , Jun Liu , Yuntao Wu , Qinglei Du , Xiaoqiang Hua

We consider the problem of estimating the state of a large but finite number $N$ of identical quantum systems. In the limit of large $N$ the problem simplifies. In particular the only relevant measure of the quality of the estimation is the…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2008-12-18 R. D. Gill , S. Massar

Pose estimation is essential for many applications within computer vision and robotics. Despite its uses, few works provide rigorous uncertainty quantification for poses under dense or learned models. We derive a closed-form lower bound on…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2025-10-28 Arun Muthukkumar

A Cram\'er-Rao bound (CRB) optimization framework for near-field sensing (NISE) with continuous-aperture arrays (CAPAs) is proposed. In contrast to conventional spatially discrete arrays (SPDAs), CAPAs emit electromagnetic (EM) probing…

Signal Processing · Electrical Eng. & Systems 2025-10-13 Hao Jiang , Zhaolin Wang , Yuanwei Liu , Arumugam Nallanathan

The Fisher Information Metric (FIM) and the associated Cram\'er-Rao Bound (CRB) are fundamental tools in statistical signal processing, which inform the efficient design of experiments and algorithms for estimating the underlying…

Signal Processing · Electrical Eng. & Systems 2025-05-20 Shiraz Khan , Gregory S. Chirikjian

Uncertainty estimation is an indispensable capability for AI-enabled, safety-critical applications, e.g. autonomous vehicles or medical diagnosis. Bayesian neural networks (BNNs) use Bayesian statistics to provide both classification…

Hardware Architecture · Computer Science 2025-01-24 Zephan M. Enciso , Boyang Cheng , Likai Pei , Jianbo Liu , Steven Davis , Michael Niemier , Ningyuan Cao

Divergence is not only an important mathematical concept in information theory, but also applied to machine learning problems such as low-dimensional embedding, manifold learning, clustering, classification, and anomaly detection. We…

Computation · Statistics 2016-11-22 Kun Yang , Hao Su , Wing Hung Wong

This paper focuses on radar waveform optimization for minimizing the Cram\'er-Rao bound (CRB) in a multiple-input multiple-output (MIMO) radar system. In contrast to conventional approaches relying on semi-definite programming (SDP) and…

Signal Processing · Electrical Eng. & Systems 2024-09-20 Xiaohua Zhou , Xu Du , Yijie Mao

In this paper, we consider signals with a low-rank covariance matrix which reside in a low-dimensional subspace and can be written in terms of a finite (small) number of parameters. Although such signals do not necessarily have a sparse…

Statistics Theory · Mathematics 2023-07-19 Mahdi Shaghaghi , Sergiy A. Vorobyov

In quantum multi-parameter estimation, the precision of estimating unknown parameters is bounded by the Cramer-Rao bound (CRB), defined via the inverse of the Fisher information matrix (FIM). However, in certain scenarios such as…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2025-11-18 Min Namkung , Changhyoup Lee , Hyang-Tag Lim

This review aims at gathering the most relevant quantum multi-parameter estimation methods that go beyond the direct use of the Quantum Fisher Information concept. We discuss in detail the Holevo Cram\'er-Rao bound, the Quantum Local…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2020-09-02 Rafal Demkowicz-Dobrzanski , Wojciech Gorecki , Madalin Guta