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The Gaussian kernel and its traditional normalizations (e.g., row-stochastic) are popular approaches for assessing similarities between data points. Yet, they can be inaccurate under high-dimensional noise, especially if the noise magnitude…

Statistics Theory · Mathematics 2023-07-12 Boris Landa , Xiuyuan Cheng

Score-based models generate samples by mapping noise to data (and vice versa) via a high-dimensional diffusion process. We question whether it is necessary to run this entire process at high dimensionality and incur all the inconveniences…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2023-02-28 Bowen Jing , Gabriele Corso , Renato Berlinghieri , Tommi Jaakkola

We propose a denoising method for multimodal graph signals by an alternating minimization scheme that sequentially solves signal restoration and graph learning problems. Many complex-structured data, i.e., those on sensor networks, can…

Signal Processing · Electrical Eng. & Systems 2026-04-23 Hayate Kojima , Keigo Takanami , Junya Hara , Yukihiro Bandoh , Seishi Takamura , Hiroshi Higashi , Yuichi Tanaka

In image denoising problems, one widely-adopted approach is to minimize a regularized data-fit objective function, where the data-fit term is derived from a physical image acquisition model. Typically the regularizer is selected with two…

Optimization and Control · Mathematics 2015-08-13 Albert Oh , Rebecca Willett

A fundamental step in many data-analysis techniques is the construction of an affinity matrix describing similarities between data points. When the data points reside in Euclidean space, a widespread approach is to from an affinity matrix…

Machine Learning · Statistics 2021-01-27 Boris Landa , Ronald R. Coifman , Yuval Kluger

In this paper, we consider a statistical problem of learning a linear model from noisy samples. Existing work has focused on approximating the least squares solution by using leverage-based scores as an importance sampling distribution.…

Machine Learning · Statistics 2016-02-11 Siheng Chen , Rohan Varma , Aarti Singh , Jelena Kovačević

Patient scans from MRI often suffer from noise, which hampers the diagnostic capability of such images. As a method to mitigate such artifact, denoising is largely studied both within the medical imaging community and beyond the community…

Image and Video Processing · Electrical Eng. & Systems 2022-03-25 Hyungjin Chung , Eun Sun Lee , Jong Chul Ye

In spectroscopic experiments, data acquisition in multi-dimensional phase space may require long acquisition time, owing to the large phase space volume to be covered. In such case, the limited time available for data acquisition can be a…

Supervised training for real-world denoising presents challenges due to the difficulty of collecting large datasets of paired noisy and clean images. Recent methods have attempted to address this by utilizing unpaired datasets of clean and…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2025-03-28 Hamadi Chihaoui , Paolo Favaro

Distantly-labeled data can be used to scale up training of statistical models, but it is typically noisy and that noise can vary with the distant labeling technique. In this work, we propose a two-stage procedure for handling this type of…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2019-05-07 Yasumasa Onoe , Greg Durrett

Falsely annotated samples, also known as noisy labels, can significantly harm the performance of deep learning models. Two main approaches for learning with noisy labels are global noise estimation and data filtering. Global noise…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2025-07-31 Yuval Grinberg , Nimrod Harel , Jacob Goldberger , Ofir Lindenbaum

Machine-learning models have recently encountered enormous success for predicting the properties of materials. These are often trained based on data that present various levels of accuracy, with typically much less high- than low-fidelity…

Materials Science · Physics 2022-04-25 Xiaotong Liu , Pierre-Paul De Breuck , Linghui Wang , Gian-Marco Rignanese

We present a general denoising algorithm for performing simultaneous tomography of quantum states and measurement noise. This algorithm allows us to fully characterize state preparation and measurement (SPAM) errors present in any quantum…

Likelihood analysis is typically limited to normally distributed noise due to the difficulty of determining the probability density function of complex, high-dimensional, non-Gaussian, and anisotropic noise. This is a major limitation for…

Instrumentation and Methods for Astrophysics · Physics 2023-06-14 Ronan Legin , Alexandre Adam , Yashar Hezaveh , Laurence Perreault Levasseur

This paper proposes and compares two new sampling schemes for sparse deconvolution using a Bernoulli-Gaussian model. To tackle such a deconvolution problem in a blind and unsupervised context, the Markov Chain Monte Carlo (MCMC) framework…

Numerical Analysis · Computer Science 2009-09-18 D. Ge , J. Idier , E. Le Carpentier

Denoising Score Matching estimates the score of a noised version of a target distribution by minimizing a regression loss and is widely used to train the popular class of Denoising Diffusion Models. A well known limitation of Denoising…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2024-02-14 Valentin De Bortoli , Michael Hutchinson , Peter Wirnsberger , Arnaud Doucet

The particle-in-cell numerical method of plasma physics balances a trade-off between computational cost and intrinsic noise. Inference on data produced by these simulations generally consists of binning the data to recover the particle…

Plasma Physics · Physics 2022-02-03 John Donaghy , Kai Germaschewski

Raw images taken in low-light conditions are very noisy due to low photon count and sensor noise. Learning-based denoisers have the potential to reconstruct high-quality images. For training, however, these denoisers require large paired…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2025-12-04 Liying Lu , Raphaël Achddou , Sabine Süsstrunk

Spectrum denoising is an important procedure for large-scale spectroscopical surveys. This work proposes a novel stellar spectrum denoising method based on deep Bayesian modeling. The construction of our model includes a prior distribution…

Instrumentation and Methods for Astrophysics · Physics 2021-09-08 Xin Kang , Shiyuan He , Yanxia Zhang

Bayesian neural networks with latent variables are scalable and flexible probabilistic models: They account for uncertainty in the estimation of the network weights and, by making use of latent variables, can capture complex noise patterns…

Machine Learning · Statistics 2018-06-19 Stefan Depeweg , José Miguel Hernández-Lobato , Finale Doshi-Velez , Steffen Udluft