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We propose a methodology for intercomparing climate models and evaluating their performance against benchmarks based on the use of the Wasserstein distance (WD). This distance provides a rigorous way to measure quantitatively the difference…

Atmospheric and Oceanic Physics · Physics 2020-11-16 Gabriele Vissio , Valerio Lembo , Valerio Lucarini , Michael Ghil

In this paper, we address the challenge of clustering mixed-type data with temporal evolution by introducing the statistical jump model for mixed-type data. This novel framework incorporates regime persistence, enhancing interpretability…

Methodology · Statistics 2024-09-18 Federico P. Cortese , Antonio Pievatolo

Spatiotemporal projections in marine science are essential for understanding ocean systems and their impact on Earth's climate. However, existing AI-based and statistics-based inversion methods face challenges in leveraging ocean data,…

Applications · Statistics 2024-08-06 Zhixi Xiong , Yukang Jiang , Wenfang Lu , Xueqin Wang , Ting Tian

This note is concerned with an accurate and computationally efficient variational bayesian treatment of mixed-effects modelling. We focus on group studies, i.e. empirical studies that report multiple measurements acquired in multiple…

Machine Learning · Statistics 2019-03-22 Jean Daunizeau

Assessing climate risk and its potential impacts on our cities and economies is of fundamental importance. Extreme weather events, such as hurricanes, floods, and storm surges can lead to catastrophic damages. We propose a flexible approach…

Risk Management · Quantitative Finance 2024-02-06 Chi Truong , Matteo Malavasi , Han Li , Stefan Trueck , Pavel V. Shevchenko

A method for estimating return values from ensembles of forecasts at advanced lead times is presented. Return values of significant wave height in the North-East Atlantic, the Norwegian Sea and the North Sea are computed from archived…

Atmospheric and Oceanic Physics · Physics 2013-04-05 Øyvind Breivik , Ole Johan Aarnes , Jean-Raymond Bidlot , Ana Carrasco , Øyvind Saetra

To mitigate the impacts associated with adverse weather conditions, meteorological services issue weather warnings to the general public. These warnings rely heavily on forecasts issued by underlying prediction systems. When deciding which…

Applications · Statistics 2022-09-13 Sam Allen , Jonas Bhend , Olivia Martius , Johanna Ziegel

Air pollution remains a leading global health and environmental risk, particularly in regions vulnerable to episodic air pollution spikes due to wildfires, urban haze and dust storms. Accurate forecasting of particulate matter (PM)…

Power systems with high renewable energy penetration are highly influenced by weather conditions, often facing significant challenges such as persistent power shortages and severe power fluctuations over long time scales. This paper…

Systems and Control · Electrical Eng. & Systems 2025-07-01 Kai Kang , Feng Liu , Yifan Su , Zhaojian Wang

Extreme values and the tail behavior of probability distributions are essential for quantifying and mitigating risk in complex systems of all kinds. In multivariate settings, accounting for correlations is crucial. Although extreme value…

Statistical Finance · Quantitative Finance 2026-03-06 Benjamin Köhler , Anton J. Heckens , Thomas Guhr

Problem definition: Data-driven models in machine learning have enabled efficient management of production systems. However, a majority of machine learning models are devoted to modeling the mean response or average pattern, which is…

Applications · Statistics 2026-04-27 Cheolhei Lee , Xing Wang , Xiaowei Yue , Jianguo Wu

Air pollution remains a leading global health risk, exacerbated by rapid industrialization and urbanization, contributing significantly to morbidity and mortality rates. In this paper, we introduce AirCast, a novel multi-variable air…

Accurate probabilistic weather forecasting demands both high accuracy and efficient uncertainty quantification, challenges that overburden both ensemble numerical weather prediction (NWP) and recent machine-learning methods. We introduce…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2025-06-12 Yilin Zhuang , Karthik Duraisamy

The classical multivariate extreme-value theory concerns the modeling of extremes in a multivariate random sample, suggesting the use of max-stable distributions. In this work, the classical theory is extended to the case where aggregated…

Methodology · Statistics 2020-03-12 Enkelejd Hashorva , Simone A. Padoan , Stefano Rizzelli

Multilevel compositional data are data that are repeatedly measured or clustered within groups and are non-negative and sum to a constant value. These data arise in various settings, such as intensive, longitudinal studies using ecological…

Methodology · Statistics 2025-02-21 Flora Le , Tyman E. Stanford , Dorothea Dumuid , Joshua F. Wiley

We introduce a novel regression model for the conditional left and right tail of a possibly heavy-tailed response. The proposed model can be used to learn the effect of covariates on an extreme value setting via a Lasso-type specification…

Methodology · Statistics 2021-08-11 Miguel de Carvalho , Soraia Pereira , Paula Pereira , Patrícia de Zea Bermudez

Understanding the spatial extent of extreme precipitation is necessary for determining flood risk and adequately designing infrastructure (e.g., stormwater pipes) to withstand such hazards. While environmental phenomena typically exhibit…

Applications · Statistics 2020-03-25 Gregory P. Bopp , Benjamin A. Shaby , Raphaël Huser

We investigate the influence of time-varying meteoceanic conditions on coastal flooding under the prism of rare events. Focusing on conditions observed over half tidal cycles, we observe that such data fall within the framework of…

Applications · Statistics 2025-08-21 Nathan Gorse , Olivier Roustant , Jérémy Rohmer , Déborah Idier

In highly renewable power systems the increased weather dependence can result in new resilience challenges, such as renewable energy droughts, or a lack of sufficient renewable generation at times of high demand. The weather conditions…

Physics and Society · Physics 2024-06-21 Aleksander Grochowicz , Koen van Greevenbroek , Hannah C. Bloomfield

Accurate residential load forecasting is critical for power system reliability with rising renewable integration and demand-side flexibility. However, most statistical and machine learning models treat external factors, such as weather,…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2025-07-01 Haoran Li , Muhao Guo , Marija Ilic , Yang Weng , Guangchun Ruan
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