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Conditional generative models of high-dimensional images have many applications, but supervision signals from conditions to images can be expensive to acquire. This paper describes Diffusion-Decoding models with Contrastive representations…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2021-06-15 Abhishek Sinha , Jiaming Song , Chenlin Meng , Stefano Ermon

In recent years, deep learning based generative models, particularly Generative Adversarial Networks (GANs), Variational Autoencoders (VAEs), and Diffusion Models (DMs), have been instrumental in in generating diverse, high-quality content…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2025-10-28 Shamim Yazdani , Akansha Singh , Nripsuta Saxena , Zichong Wang , Avash Palikhe , Deng Pan , Umapada Pal , Jie Yang , Wenbin Zhang

Semantic image synthesis, i.e., generating images from user-provided semantic label maps, is an important conditional image generation task as it allows to control both the content as well as the spatial layout of generated images. Although…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2024-01-09 Tariq Berrada , Jakob Verbeek , Camille Couprie , Karteek Alahari

Image and multimodal machine learning tasks are very challenging to solve in the case of poorly distributed data. In particular, data availability and privacy restrictions exacerbate these hurdles in the medical domain. The state of the art…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2025-02-03 Rafael Elberg , Denis Parra , Mircea Petrache

Controllable layout generation refers to the process of creating a plausible visual arrangement of elements within a graphic design (e.g., document and web designs) with constraints representing design intentions. Although recent…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2024-05-17 Jian Chen , Ruiyi Zhang , Yufan Zhou , Rajiv Jain , Zhiqiang Xu , Ryan Rossi , Changyou Chen

Latent diffusion models for image generation have crossed a quality threshold which enabled them to achieve mass adoption. Recently, a series of works have made advancements towards replicating this success in the 3D domain, introducing…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2023-03-29 Anchit Gupta , Wenhan Xiong , Yixin Nie , Ian Jones , Barlas Oğuz

Creating accurate and geologically realistic reservoir facies based on limited measurements is crucial for field development and reservoir management, especially in the oil and gas sector. Traditional two-point geostatistics, while…

Geophysics · Physics 2024-11-08 Daesoo Lee , Oscar Ovanger , Jo Eidsvik , Erlend Aune , Jacob Skauvold , Ragnar Hauge

Most multi-agent systems rely exclusively on autoregressive language models (ARMs) that are based on sequential generation. Although effective for fluent text, ARMs limit global reasoning and plan revision. On the other hand, Discrete…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2026-03-11 Lina Berrayana , Ahmed Heakl , Abdullah Sohail , Thomas Hofmann , Salman Khan , Wei Chen

Recent advances in diffusion models have enabled high-quality image generation, leading to increasing demand for post-generation editing that modifies local regions while preserving global structure. Achieving such flexible and precise…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2026-04-29 Hanyi Wang , Han Fang , Zheng Wang , Shilin Wang , Ee-Chien Chang

State-of-the-art video generative models typically learn the distribution of video latents in the VAE space and map them to pixels using a VAE decoder. While this approach can generate high-quality videos, it suffers from slow convergence…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2025-12-29 Jianhong Bai , Xiaoshi Wu , Xintao Wang , Xiao Fu , Yuanxing Zhang , Qinghe Wang , Xiaoyu Shi , Menghan Xia , Zuozhu Liu , Haoji Hu , Pengfei Wan , Kun Gai

Latent Diffusion Models (LDMs) inherently follow a coarse-to-fine generation process, where high-level semantic structure is generated slightly earlier than fine-grained texture. This indicates the preceding semantics potentially benefit…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2025-12-08 Yueming Pan , Ruoyu Feng , Qi Dai , Yuqi Wang , Wenfeng Lin , Mingyu Guo , Chong Luo , Nanning Zheng

Diffusion models have become the go-to method for text-to-image generation, producing high-quality images from pure noise. However, the inner workings of diffusion models is still largely a mystery due to their black-box nature and complex,…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2026-01-23 Berk Tinaz , Zalan Fabian , Mahdi Soltanolkotabi

The predominant approach to advancing text-to-image generation has been training-time scaling, where larger models are trained on more data using greater computational resources. While effective, this approach is computationally expensive,…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2025-03-18 Shufan Li , Konstantinos Kallidromitis , Akash Gokul , Arsh Koneru , Yusuke Kato , Kazuki Kozuka , Aditya Grover

Temporal abstraction and efficient planning pose significant challenges in offline reinforcement learning, mainly when dealing with domains that involve temporally extended tasks and delayed sparse rewards. Existing methods typically plan…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2023-10-03 Wenhao Li

Variational autoencoders (VAEs) typically encode images into a compact latent space, reducing computational cost but introducing an optimization dilemma: a higher-dimensional latent space improves reconstruction fidelity but often hampers…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2025-11-18 Xunzhi Xiang , Xingye Tian , Guiyu Zhang , Yabo Chen , Shaofeng Zhang , Xuebo Wang , Xin Tao , Qi Fan

Latent diffusion models have emerged as the dominant framework for high-fidelity and efficient image generation, owing to their ability to learn diffusion processes in compact latent spaces. However, while previous research has focused…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2026-03-24 Qifan Li , Xingyu Zhou , Jinhua Zhang , Weiyi You , Shuhang Gu

Predictive manipulation has recently gained considerable attention in the Embodied AI community due to its potential to improve robot policy performance by leveraging predicted states. However, generating accurate future visual states of…

Robotics · Computer Science 2025-09-15 Yuhang Huang , Jiazhao Zhang , Shilong Zou , Xinwang Liu , Ruizhen Hu , Kai Xu

Latent diffusion models pair VAEs with diffusion backbones, and the structure of VAE latents strongly influences the difficulty of diffusion training. However, existing video VAEs typically focus on reconstruction fidelity, overlooking…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2025-12-08 Shizhan Liu , Xinran Deng , Zhuoyi Yang , Jiayan Teng , Xiaotao Gu , Jie Tang

Recent advances in generative models, such as diffusion and flow matching, have shown strong performance in audio tasks. However, speech enhancement (SE) models are typically trained on limited datasets and evaluated under narrow…

Audio and Speech Processing · Electrical Eng. & Systems 2026-03-24 Tianyu Cao , Helin Wang , Ari Frummer , Yuval Sieradzki , Adi Arbel , Laureano Moro Velazquez , Jesus Villalba , Oren Gal , Thomas Thebaud , Najim Dehak

Modern generative models are roughly divided into two main categories: (1) models that can produce high-quality random samples, but cannot estimate the exact density of new data points and (2) those that provide exact density estimation, at…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2022-06-24 Omri Ben-Dov , Pravir Singh Gupta , Victoria Fernandez Abrevaya , Michael J. Black , Partha Ghosh