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Multi-agent reinforcement learning (MARL) has achieved great progress in cooperative tasks in recent years. However, in the local reward scheme, where only local rewards for each agent are given without global rewards shared by all the…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2023-02-21 Yunbo Qiu , Yue Jin , Lebin Yu , Jian Wang , Xudong Zhang

Reinforcement Learning (RL) has emerged as a crucial method for training or fine-tuning large language models (LLMs), enabling adaptive, task-specific optimizations through interactive feedback. Multi-Agent Reinforcement Learning (MARL), in…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2026-02-10 Junwei Su , Chuan Wu

This paper proposes a distributed Multi-Agent Reinforcement Learning (MARL) algorithm for a team of Unmanned Aerial Vehicles (UAVs). The proposed MARL algorithm allows UAVs to learn cooperatively to provide a full coverage of an unknown…

Robotics · Computer Science 2018-09-18 Huy Xuan Pham , Hung Manh La , David Feil-Seifer , Aria Nefian

A large amount of work has been done in Multi-Agent Systems (MAS) for modeling and solving problems with multiple interacting agents. However, most LLMs are pretrained independently and not specifically optimized for coordination. Existing…

Artificial Intelligence · Computer Science 2025-12-10 Shuo Liu , Tianle Chen , Zeyu Liang , Xueguang Lyu , Christopher Amato

Cooperative multi-agent reinforcement learning (MARL) approaches tackle the challenge of finding effective multi-agent cooperation strategies for accomplishing individual or shared objectives in multi-agent teams. In real-world scenarios,…

Robotics · Computer Science 2023-10-20 Yasin Findik , Paul Robinette , Kshitij Jerath , S. Reza Ahmadzadeh

Multiagent reinforcement learning (MARL) has attracted considerable attention due to its potential in addressing complex cooperative tasks. However, existing MARL approaches often rely on frequent exchanges of action or state information…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2026-01-14 Zhenglong Luo , Zhiyong Chen , Aoxiang Liu , Ke Pan

Multi-agent reinforcement learning (MARL) has exploded in popularity in recent years. While numerous approaches have been developed, they can be broadly categorized into three main types: centralized training and execution (CTE),…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2025-05-22 Christopher Amato

Cooperative multi-agent reinforcement learning (MARL) aims to coordinate multiple agents to achieve a common goal. A key challenge in MARL is credit assignment, which involves assessing each agent's contribution to the shared reward. Given…

Artificial Intelligence · Computer Science 2025-08-12 Xutong Zhao , Yaqi Xie

Cooperative multi-agent reinforcement learning (MARL) is typically formalised as a Decentralised Partially Observable Markov Decision Process (Dec-POMDP), where agents must reason about the environment and other agents' behaviour. In…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2025-07-25 Kale-ab Abebe Tessera , Leonard Hinckeldey , Riccardo Zamboni , David Abel , Amos Storkey

Multiagent Reinforcement Learning (MARL) poses significant challenges due to the exponential growth of state and action spaces and the non-stationary nature of multiagent environments. This results in notable sample inefficiency and hinders…

Multiagent Systems · Computer Science 2025-02-27 Nikhilesh Prabhakar , Ranveer Singh , Harsha Kokel , Sriraam Natarajan , Prasad Tadepalli

Multi-agent reinforcement learning (MARL) has emerged as a useful approach to solving decentralised decision-making problems at scale. Research in the field has been growing steadily with many breakthrough algorithms proposed in recent…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2022-09-22 Rihab Gorsane , Omayma Mahjoub , Ruan de Kock , Roland Dubb , Siddarth Singh , Arnu Pretorius

Cooperation is fundamental in Multi-Agent Systems (MAS) and Multi-Agent Reinforcement Learning (MARL), often requiring agents to balance individual gains with collective rewards. In this regard, this paper aims to investigate strategies to…

Computer Science and Game Theory · Computer Science 2024-05-06 Vaigarai Sathi , Sabahat Shaik , Jaswanth Nidamanuri

Multi-agent Reinforcement Learning (MARL) problems often require cooperation among agents in order to solve a task. Centralization and decentralization are two approaches used for cooperation in MARL. While fully decentralized methods are…

Multiagent Systems · Computer Science 2021-11-30 Bengisu Guresti , Nazim Kemal Ure

Mission-oriented drone networks have been widely used for structural inspection, disaster monitoring, border surveillance, etc. Due to the limited battery capacity of drones, mission execution strategy impacts network performance and…

Networking and Internet Architecture · Computer Science 2024-10-31 Ying Li , Changling Li , Jiyao Chen , Christine Roinou

Cooperative multi-agent reinforcement learning (MARL) is typically framed as a decentralised partially observable Markov decision process (Dec-POMDP), a setting whose hardness stems from two key challenges: partial observability and…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2026-02-25 Kale-ab Tessera , Leonard Hinckeldey , Riccardo Zamboni , David Abel , Amos Storkey

We consider the problem of cooperative exploration where multiple robots need to cooperatively explore an unknown region as fast as possible. Multi-agent reinforcement learning (MARL) has recently become a trending paradigm for solving this…

Robotics · Computer Science 2023-04-12 Chao Yu , Xinyi Yang , Jiaxuan Gao , Jiayu Chen , Yunfei Li , Jijia Liu , Yunfei Xiang , Ruixin Huang , Huazhong Yang , Yi Wu , Yu Wang

In cooperative Multi-Agent Reinforcement Learning (MARL), it is a common practice to tune hyperparameters in ideal simulated environments to maximize cooperative performance. However, policies tuned for cooperation often fail to maintain…

Standard cooperative multi-agent reinforcement learning (MARL) methods aim to find the optimal team cooperative policy to complete a task. However there may exist multiple different ways of cooperating, which usually are very needed by…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2023-08-29 Mingxi Tan , Andong Tian , Ludovic Denoyer

Teams of people coordinate to perform complex tasks by forming abstract mental models of world and agent dynamics. The use of abstract models contrasts with much recent work in robot learning that uses a high-fidelity simulator and…

Robotics · Computer Science 2025-03-10 Adam Labiosa , Josiah P. Hanna

Causal reasoning is increasingly used in Reinforcement Learning (RL) to improve the learning process in several dimensions: efficacy of learned policies, efficiency of convergence, generalisation capabilities, safety and interpretability of…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2025-03-25 Giovanni Briglia , Stefano Mariani , Franco Zambonelli