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Trusting software systems, particularly autonomous ones, is challenging. To address this, formal verification techniques can ensure these systems behave as expected. Runtime Verification (RV) is a leading, lightweight method for verifying…

Formal Languages and Automata Theory · Computer Science 2024-08-22 Angelo Ferrando , Vadim Malvone

Runtime verification is the process of verifying critical behavioral properties in big complex systems, where formal verification is not possible due to state space explosion. There have been several attempts to design efficient algorithms…

Distributed, Parallel, and Cluster Computing · Computer Science 2020-04-07 M. Ali Dorosty , Fathiyeh Faghih , Ehsan Khamespanah

Runtime verification (RV) consists in dynamically verifying that the event traces generated by single runs of a system under scrutiny (SUS) are compliant with the formal specification of its expected properties. RML (Runtime Monitoring…

Logic in Computer Science · Computer Science 2020-08-18 Davide Ancona , Angelo Ferrando , Viviana Mascardi

Distributed systems are notoriously difficult to understand and analyze in order to assert their correction w.r.t. given properties. They often exhibit a huge number of different behaviors, as soon as the active entities (peers, agents,…

Formal Languages and Automata Theory · Computer Science 2012-08-13 Volker Diekert , Anca Muscholl

Runtime verification (RV) consists in dynamically verifying that the event traces generated by single runs of a system under scrutiny (SUS) are compliant with the formal specification of its expected properties. RML (Runtime Monitoring…

Logic in Computer Science · Computer Science 2020-09-02 Davide Ancona , Angelo Ferrando , Viviana Mascardi

Within Model-Driven Software Engineering, Domain-Specific Modelling has proven to be a powerful technique to specify systems and systems' behaviour in a formal, yet understandable way. Runtime verification (RV) has been successfully used to…

Software Engineering · Computer Science 2020-05-26 Fernando Macías , Adrian Rutle , Volker Stolz , Torben Scheffel , Malte Schmitz

Cyber-physical systems (CPS) designed in simulators behave differently in the real-world. Once they are deployed in the real-world, we would hence like to predict system failures during runtime. We propose robust predictive runtime…

Systems and Control · Electrical Eng. & Systems 2024-03-12 Yiqi Zhao , Bardh Hoxha , Georgios Fainekos , Jyotirmoy V. Deshmukh , Lars Lindemann

Assuring the safety and trustworthiness of autonomous systems is particularly difficult when learning-enabled components and open environments are involved. Formal methods provide strong guarantees but depend on complete models and static…

Software Engineering · Computer Science 2025-11-19 Angelo Ferrando

Since distributed software systems are ubiquitous, their correct functioning is crucially important. Static verification is possible in principle, but requires high expertise and effort which is not feasible in many eco-systems. Runtime…

Software Engineering · Computer Science 2019-08-28 Wolfgang Ahrendt , Ludovic Henrio , Wytse Oortwijn

Runtime Verification (RV) is a lightweight formal technique in which program or system execution is monitored and analyzed, to check whether certain properties are satisfied or violated after a finite number of steps. The use of RV has led…

Formal Languages and Automata Theory · Computer Science 2020-05-13 Zhe Chen , Yunyun Chen , Robert M. Hierons , Yifan Wu

Runtime verification is a computing analysis paradigm based on observing a system at runtime (to check its expected behaviour) by means of monitors generated from formal specifications. Distributed runtime verification is runtime…

Software Engineering · Computer Science 2019-08-29 Giorgio Audrito , Ferruccio Damiani , Volker Stolz , Mirko Viroli

Large language models are increasingly used to produce runnable software. In practice, security is often addressed through a Detect--Repair--Verify (DRV) loop that detects issues, applies fixes, and verifies the result. This work studies…

Software Engineering · Computer Science 2026-03-03 Cheng Cheng

Runtime verification (RV) is a pragmatic and scalable, yet rigorous technique, to assess the correctness of complex systems, including cyber-physical systems (CPS). By measuring how robustly a CPS run satisfies a specification, RV allows in…

Logic in Computer Science · Computer Science 2018-02-13 Stefan Jaksic , Ezio Bartocci , Radu Grosu , Dejan Nickovic

Deep reinforcement learning (DRL) has emerged as a powerful paradigm for solving complex decision-making problems. However, DRL-based systems still face significant dependability challenges particularly in real-time environments due to the…

Software Engineering · Computer Science 2026-03-25 Guoxin Su , Thomas Robinson , Hoa Khanh Dam , Li Liu , David S. Rosenblum

Runtime verification is checking whether a system execution satisfies or violates a given correctness property. A procedure that automatically, and typically on the fly, verifies conformance of the system's behavior to the specified…

Software Engineering · Computer Science 2013-03-06 Mikhail Chupilko , Alexander Kamkin

In formal verification, runtime monitoring consists of observing the execution of a system in order to decide as quickly as possible whether or not it satisfies a given property. We consider monitoring in a distributed setting, for…

Software Engineering · Computer Science 2024-10-02 Léo Henry , Thierry Jéron , Nicolas Markey , Victor Roussanaly

Runtime Verification (RV) refers to a family of techniques in which system executions are observed and confronted to formal specifications, with the aim of identifying faults. In Offline RV, observation is done in a first step and…

Formal Languages and Automata Theory · Computer Science 2024-03-06 Erwan Mahe , Boutheina Bannour , Christophe Gaston , Pascale Le Gall

The structures for the expression of fault-tolerance provisions into the application software are the central topic of this dissertation. Structuring techniques provide means to control complexity, the latter being a relevant factor for the…

Distributed, Parallel, and Cluster Computing · Computer Science 2016-11-08 Vincenzo De Florio

Today's programmers face a false choice between creating software that is extensible and software that is correct. Specifically, dynamic languages permit software that is richly extensible (via dynamic code loading, dynamic object…

Programming Languages · Computer Science 2016-08-23 Matthew A. Hammer , Bor-Yuh Evan Chang , David Van Horn

To accurately make adaptation decisions, a self-adaptive system needs precise means to analyze itself at runtime. To this end, runtime verification can be used in the feedback loop to check that the managed system satisfies its requirements…

Software Engineering · Computer Science 2023-03-30 Marc Carwehl , Thomas Vogel , Genaína Nunes Rodrigues , Lars Grunske
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