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A fundamental computation for statistical inference and accurate decision-making is to compute the marginal probabilities or most probable states of task-relevant variables. Probabilistic graphical models can efficiently represent the…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2019-06-28 KiJung Yoon , Renjie Liao , Yuwen Xiong , Lisa Zhang , Ethan Fetaya , Raquel Urtasun , Richard Zemel , Xaq Pitkow

Graph neural network have achieved impressive results in predicting molecular properties, but they do not directly account for local and hidden structures in the graph such as functional groups and molecular geometry. At each propagation…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2020-02-25 Daniel Flam-Shepherd , Tony Wu , Pascal Friederich , Alan Aspuru-Guzik

Graph neural networks (GNNs), as the de-facto model class for representation learning on graphs, are built upon the multi-layer perceptrons (MLP) architecture with additional message passing layers to allow features to flow across nodes.…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2023-08-07 Chenxiao Yang , Qitian Wu , Jiahua Wang , Junchi Yan

Graph neural networks (GNNs) have achieved great success in many graph learning tasks. The main aspect powering existing GNNs is the multi-layer network architecture to learn the nonlinear graph representations for the specific learning…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2022-02-21 Beibei Wang , Bo Jiang

Graph Neural Networks (GNNs) are key tools for graph representation learning, demonstrating strong results across diverse prediction tasks. In this paper, we present Convexified Message-Passing Graph Neural Networks (CGNNs), a novel and…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2026-01-27 Saar Cohen , Noa Agmon , Uri Shaham

Message-passing graph neural networks (MPNNs) have emerged as the leading approach for machine learning on graphs, attracting significant attention in recent years. While a large set of works explored the expressivity of MPNNs, i.e., their…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2025-03-21 Antonis Vasileiou , Stefanie Jegelka , Ron Levie , Christopher Morris

Graph Neural Networks (GNNs) have proven to be highly effective in various graph learning tasks. A key characteristic of GNNs is their use of a fixed number of message-passing steps for all nodes in the graph, regardless of each node's…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2025-09-03 Yassine Abbahaddou , Fragkiskos D. Malliaros , Johannes F. Lutzeyer , Michalis Vazirgiannis

Graph neural networks (GNNs) have been widely used to learn vector representation of graph-structured data and achieved better task performance than conventional methods. The foundation of GNNs is the message passing procedure, which…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2022-01-31 Takeshi D. Itoh , Takatomi Kubo , Kazushi Ikeda

Graph neural networks (GNNs) have drawn increasing attention in recent years and achieved remarkable performance in many graph-based tasks, especially in semi-supervised learning on graphs. However, most existing GNNs are based on the…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2024-01-24 Li Zhou , Wenyu Chen , Dingyi Zeng , Shaohuan Cheng , Wanlong Liu , Malu Zhang , Hong Qu

In recent studies, neural message passing has proved to be an effective way to design graph neural networks (GNNs), which have achieved state-of-the-art performance in many graph-based tasks. However, current neural-message passing…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2021-04-21 Wentao Zhang , Yu Shen , Zheyu Lin , Yang Li , Xiaosen Li , Wen Ouyang , Yangyu Tao , Zhi Yang , Bin Cui

Graph Neural Networks (GNNs) are a powerful representational tool for solving problems on graph-structured inputs. In almost all cases so far, however, they have been applied to directly recovering a final solution from raw inputs, without…

Machine Learning · Statistics 2020-01-16 Petar Veličković , Rex Ying , Matilde Padovano , Raia Hadsell , Charles Blundell

Graph neural networks (GNNs) are the most widely adopted model in graph-structured data oriented learning and representation. Despite their extraordinary success in real-world applications, understanding their working mechanism by theory is…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2023-05-16 Huayi Tang , Yong Liu

Knowledge graphs (KGs) facilitate a wide variety of applications. Despite great efforts in creation and maintenance, even the largest KGs are far from complete. Hence, KG completion (KGC) has become one of the most crucial tasks for KG…

Artificial Intelligence · Computer Science 2023-07-06 Juanhui Li , Harry Shomer , Jiayuan Ding , Yiqi Wang , Yao Ma , Neil Shah , Jiliang Tang , Dawei Yin

Graph neural networks (GNNs) are commonly divided into message-passing neural networks (MPNNs) and spectral graph neural networks, reflecting two largely separate research traditions in machine learning and signal processing. This paper…

Graph Neural Networks (GNNs) have achieved remarkable success in various graph-based learning tasks. While their performance is often attributed to the powerful neighborhood aggregation mechanism, recent studies suggest that other…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2024-12-11 Yushun Dong , Patrick Soga , Yinhan He , Song Wang , Jundong Li

Graph Neural Networks (GNNs) have demonstrated impressive performance across diverse graph-based tasks by leveraging message passing to capture complex node relationships. However, on large-scale real-world graphs, GNNs face two major…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2026-03-10 Xiang Li , Jianpeng Qi , Haobing Liu , Yuan Cao , Guoqing Chao , Zhongying Zhao , Junyu Dong , Xinwang Liu , Yanwei Yu

The mechanism of message passing in graph neural networks (GNNs) is still mysterious. Apart from convolutional neural networks, no theoretical origin for GNNs has been proposed. To our surprise, message passing can be best understood in…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2021-04-16 Xue Li , Yuanzhi Cheng

Many real-world phenomena can be modeled as a graph, making them extremely valuable due to their ubiquitous presence. GNNs excel at capturing those relationships and patterns within these graphs, enabling effective learning and prediction…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2023-11-28 Abhinav Raghuvanshi , Kushal Sokke Malleshappa

Graph neural networks (GNNs) have received great attention due to their success in various graph-related learning tasks. Several GNN frameworks have then been developed for fast and easy implementation of GNN models. Despite their…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2022-11-08 Xin Huang , Jongryool Kim , Bradley Rees , Chul-Ho Lee

The expressive power of message-passing graph neural networks (MPNNs) is reasonably well understood, primarily through combinatorial techniques from graph isomorphism testing. However, MPNNs' generalization abilities -- making meaningful…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2024-12-11 Antonis Vasileiou , Ben Finkelshtein , Floris Geerts , Ron Levie , Christopher Morris
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