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We consider three major text sources about the Tang Dynasty of China in our experiments that aim to segment text written in classical Chinese. These corpora include a collection of Tang Tomb Biographies, the New Tang Book, and the Old Tang…
We explore a method of encoding secret messages using factoradic numbering of permuted lists of text or numeric elements. Encoding and decoding methods are provided, with code, and key aspects of the correctness of the methods are formally…
Named Entity Recognition is an information extraction task that serves as a preprocessing step for other natural language processing tasks, such as machine translation, information retrieval, and question answering. Named entity recognition…
How much information do we need about a process' past to faithfully simulate its future? The statistical complexity is a prominent quantifier of structure for stochastic processes. Quantum machines, however, can simulate classical…
It is possible to interpret text as numbers (and vice versa) if one interpret letters and other characters as digits and assume that they have an inherent immutable ordering. This is demonstrated by the conventional digit set of the…
Pretrained language models (LMs) are prone to arithmetic errors. Existing work showed limited success in probing numeric values from models' representations, indicating that these errors can be attributed to the inherent unreliability of…
Binary similarity analysis determines if two binary executables are from the same source program. Existing techniques leverage static and dynamic program features and may utilize advanced Deep Learning techniques. Although they have…
Many quantities of interest in communications, signal processing, artificial intelligence, and other areas can be expressed as the partition sum of some factor graph. Although the exact calculation of the partition sum is in many cases…
In the prose style transfer task a system, provided with text input and a target prose style, produces output which preserves the meaning of the input text but alters the style. These systems require parallel data for evaluation of results…
It has been found that Transformer-based language models have the ability to perform basic quantitative reasoning. In this paper, we propose a method for studying how these models internally represent numerical data, and use our proposal to…
Steganography is the art of concealing secret information by embedding it in an apparently innocent-looking message. Quantum steganography applies the principles of quantum mechanics to traditional steganography and, compared to the latter,…
The name entity disambiguation task aims to partition the records of multiple real-life persons so that each partition contains records pertaining to a unique person. Most of the existing solutions for this task operate in a batch mode,…
Byte-Pair Encoding (BPE) is an algorithm commonly used in Natural Language Processing to build a vocabulary of subwords, which has been recently applied to symbolic music. Given that symbolic music can differ significantly from text,…
Mathematics is a highly specialized domain with its own unique set of challenges. Despite this, there has been relatively little research on natural language processing for mathematical texts, and there are few mathematical language…
A cryptarithm (or alphametic) is a mathematical puzzle in which numbers are represented with words in such a way that identical letters stand for equal digits and distinct letters for unequal digits. An alphametic puzzle is usually given in…
This work investigates multiple approaches to Named Entity Recognition (NER) for text in Electronic Health Record (EHR) data. In particular, we look into the application of (i) rule-based, (ii) deep learning and (iii) transfer learning…
This paper studies the computational complexity of disambiguation under probabilistic tree-grammars and context-free grammars. It presents a proof that the following problems are NP-hard: computing the Most Probable Parse (MPP) from a…
We investigate an entangled deformation of the deterministic quantum cloning process, called enscription, that can be applied to (certain) sets of distinct quantum states which are not necessarily orthogonal, called texts. Some basic…
Post-OCR processing has significantly improved over the past few years. However, these have been primarily beneficial for texts consisting of natural, alphabetical words, as opposed to documents of numerical nature such as invoices,…
In this paper, the problem of handwritten digit recognition has been addressed. However, the underlying language is Persian/Arabic, and the system with which this task is a capsule network (CapsNet) has recently emerged as a more advanced…