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Diffusion models, while trained for image generation, have emerged as powerful foundational feature extractors for downstream tasks. We find that off-the-shelf diffusion models, trained exclusively to generate natural RGB images, can…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2025-06-04 Nurislam Tursynbek , Hastings Greer , Basar Demir , Marc Niethammer

In recent years, 3D vision has become a crucial field within computer vision, powering a wide range of applications such as autonomous driving, robotics, augmented reality, and medical imaging. This field relies on accurate perception,…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2025-04-02 Zhen Wang , Dongyuan Li , Yaozu Wu , Tianyu He , Jiang Bian , Renhe Jiang

Large-scale pre-training holds the promise to advance 3D medical object detection, a crucial component of accurate computer-aided diagnosis. Yet, it remains underexplored compared to segmentation, where pre-training has already demonstrated…

Image and Video Processing · Electrical Eng. & Systems 2025-09-22 Katharina Eckstein , Constantin Ulrich , Michael Baumgartner , Jessica Kächele , Dimitrios Bounias , Tassilo Wald , Ralf Floca , Klaus H. Maier-Hein

Diffusion magnetic resonance imaging (dMRI) is a crucial non-invasive technique for exploring the microstructure of the living human brain. Traditional hand-crafted and model-based tissue microstructure reconstruction methods often require…

Image and Video Processing · Electrical Eng. & Systems 2025-02-26 Xinrui Ma , Jian Cheng , Wenxin Fan , Ruoyou Wu , Yongquan Ye , Shanshan Wang

Denoising diffusion models, a class of generative models, have garnered immense interest lately in various deep-learning problems. A diffusion probabilistic model defines a forward diffusion stage where the input data is gradually perturbed…

Image and Video Processing · Electrical Eng. & Systems 2023-06-06 Amirhossein Kazerouni , Ehsan Khodapanah Aghdam , Moein Heidari , Reza Azad , Mohsen Fayyaz , Ilker Hacihaliloglu , Dorit Merhof

Fully-supervised category-level pose estimation aims to determine the 6-DoF poses of unseen instances from known categories, requiring expensive mannual labeling costs. Recently, various self-supervised category-level pose estimation…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2024-03-20 Jingtao Sun , Yaonan Wang , Mingtao Feng , Chao Ding , Mike Zheng Shou , Ajmal Saeed Mian

Deep learning approaches for diffusion MRI have so far focused primarily on voxel-based segmentation of lesions or white-matter fiber tracts. A drawback of representing tracts as volumetric labels, rather than sets of streamlines, is that…

Image and Video Processing · Electrical Eng. & Systems 2020-09-10 Christian Ewert , David Kügler , Anastasia Yendiki , Martin Reuter

Annotating medical imaging datasets is costly, so fine-tuning (or transfer learning) is the most effective method for digital pathology vision applications such as disease classification and semantic segmentation. However, due to texture…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2023-08-23 Tushar Kataria , Beatrice Knudsen , Shireen Elhabian

Supervised deep learning for semantic segmentation has achieved excellent results in accurately identifying anatomical and pathological structures in medical images. However, it often requires large annotated training datasets, which limits…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2026-03-11 Luca Ciampi , Gabriele Lagani , Giuseppe Amato , Fabrizio Falchi

Diffusion models have enabled remarkably high-quality medical image generation, yet it is challenging to enforce anatomical constraints in generated images. To this end, we propose a diffusion model-based method that supports…

Image and Video Processing · Electrical Eng. & Systems 2024-06-21 Nicholas Konz , Yuwen Chen , Haoyu Dong , Maciej A. Mazurowski

To address prevalent issues in medical imaging, such as data acquisition challenges and label availability, transfer learning from natural to medical image domains serves as a viable strategy to produce reliable segmentation results.…

Image and Video Processing · Electrical Eng. & Systems 2023-11-15 Hao Li , Han Liu , Dewei Hu , Jiacheng Wang , Ipek Oguz

Diffusion models have achieved significant success in both natural image and medical image domains, encompassing a wide range of applications. Previous investigations in medical images have often been constrained to specific anatomical…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2025-12-08 Yongrui Yu , Yannian Gu , Shaoting Zhang , Xiaofan Zhang

Deep learning-based computer-aided diagnosis is gradually deployed to review and analyze medical images. However, this paradigm is restricted in real-world clinical applications due to the poor robustness and generalization. The issue is…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2022-03-22 Yurong Chen

Medical image segmentation is crucial for clinical diagnosis and treatment planning. Traditional methods typically produce a single segmentation mask, failing to capture inherent uncertainty. Recent generative models enable the creation of…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2026-02-27 Huynh Trinh Ngoc , Toan Nguyen Hai , Ba Luong Son , Long Tran Quoc

Aside from offering state-of-the-art performance in medical image generation, denoising diffusion probabilistic models (DPM) can also serve as a representation learner to capture semantic information and potentially be used as an image…

Image and Video Processing · Electrical Eng. & Systems 2024-07-09 Chun-Mei Feng

Three-dimensional (3D) medical images, such as Computed Tomography (CT) and Magnetic Resonance Imaging (MRI), are essential for clinical applications. However, the need for diverse and comprehensive representations is particularly…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2025-05-26 Siwen Wang , Churan Wang , Fei Gao , Lixian Su , Fandong Zhang , Yizhou Wang , Yizhou Yu

The evolution of semantic segmentation has long been dominated by learning more discriminative image representations for classifying each pixel. Despite the prominent advancements, the priors of segmentation masks themselves, e.g.,…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2023-06-23 Zeqiang Lai , Yuchen Duan , Jifeng Dai , Ziheng Li , Ying Fu , Hongsheng Li , Yu Qiao , Wenhai Wang

This paper introduces a diffusion-based framework for universal image segmentation, making agnostic segmentation possible without depending on mask-based frameworks and instead predicting the full segmentation in a holistic manner. We…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2026-01-07 Jakob Lønborg Christensen , Morten Rieger Hannemose , Anders Bjorholm Dahl , Vedrana Andersen Dahl

Self-supervised learning has emerged as a powerful tool for pretraining deep networks on unlabeled data, prior to transfer learning of target tasks with limited annotation. The relevance between the pretraining pretext and target tasks is…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2024-04-09 Tianwei Zhang , Dong Wei , Mengmeng Zhu , Shi Gu , Yefeng Zheng

Medical image segmentation is crucial for many healthcare tasks, including disease diagnosis and treatment planning. One key area is the segmentation of skin lesions, which is vital for diagnosing skin cancer and monitoring patients. In…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2025-07-22 Salah Eddine Bekhouche , Gaby Maroun , Fadi Dornaika , Abdenour Hadid