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Related papers: Memory-Efficient Fine-Tuning of Transformers via T…

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Transformer-based models have gained widespread popularity in both the computer vision (CV) and natural language processing (NLP) fields. However, significant challenges arise during post-training linear quantization, leading to noticeable…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2024-03-12 Jiun-Man Chen , Yu-Hsuan Chao , Yu-Jie Wang , Ming-Der Shieh , Chih-Chung Hsu , Wei-Fen Lin

Transformers have demonstrated remarkable success across vision, language, and video. Yet, increasing task complexity has led to larger models and more tokens, raising the quadratic cost of self-attention and the overhead of GPU memory…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2025-08-04 Joonmyung Choi , Sanghyeok Lee , Byungoh Ko , Eunseo Kim , Jihyung Kil , Hyunwoo J. Kim

Large Transformer models achieved the state-of-the-art status for Natural Language Understanding tasks and are increasingly becoming the baseline model architecture for modeling source code. Transformers are usually pre-trained on large…

Software Engineering · Computer Science 2022-09-21 Andrei Zlotchevski , Dawn Drain , Alexey Svyatkovskiy , Colin Clement , Neel Sundaresan , Michele Tufano

In today's machine learning landscape, fine-tuning pretrained transformer models has emerged as an essential technique, particularly in scenarios where access to task-aligned training data is limited. However, challenges surface when data…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2024-02-15 Prajwal Panzade , Daniel Takabi , Zhipeng Cai

Large-scale pre-trained transformers have demonstrated remarkable success in various computer vision tasks. However, it is still highly challenging to fully fine-tune these models for downstream tasks due to their high computational and…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2023-04-27 Zhao Song , Ke Yang , Naiyang Guan , Junjie Zhu , Peng Qiao , Qingyong Hu

Transformers process tokens in parallel but are temporally shallow: at position $t$, each layer attends to key-value pairs computed based on the previous layer, yielding a depth capped by the number of layers. Recurrent models offer…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2026-04-24 Costin-Andrei Oncescu , Depen Morwani , Samy Jelassi , Alexandru Meterez , Mujin Kwun , Sham Kakade

The quadratic complexity of the attention module makes it gradually become the bulk of compute in Transformer-based LLMs during generation. Moreover, the excessive key-value cache that arises when dealing with long inputs also brings severe…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2023-10-17 Siyu Ren , Qi Jia , Kenny Q. Zhu

Training convolutional neural network models is memory intensive since back-propagation requires storing activations of all intermediate layers. This presents a practical concern when seeking to deploy very deep architectures in production,…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2019-10-30 Ayan Chakrabarti , Benjamin Moseley

Fine-tuning is a popular way of exploiting knowledge contained in a pre-trained convolutional network for a new visual recognition task. However, the orthogonal setting of transferring knowledge from a pretrained network to a visually…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2020-08-28 Amelie Royer , Christoph H. Lampert

In long-context Large Language Model (LLM) inference, the Time-To-First-Token (TTFT) latency incurred by the prefill stage has become the foremost bottleneck limiting interactive performance and deployment cost. KV Cache reuse offers a…

Hardware Architecture · Computer Science 2026-05-26 Fei li , Song Liu , Yan Liu , Jinhua Cui , Shiqiang Nie , Jinyu Wang , Weiguo Wu

As generative models scale to larger inputs across language, vision, and video domains, the cost of token-level computation has become a key bottleneck. While prior work suggests that only a subset of tokens significantly influence…

Artificial Intelligence · Computer Science 2025-08-20 Dong Liu , Yanxuan Yu

We present \textbf{Met}a-\textbf{T}oken \textbf{Le}arning (Mettle), a simple and memory-efficient method for adapting large-scale pretrained transformer models to downstream audio-visual tasks. Instead of sequentially modifying the output…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2025-07-01 Jinxing Zhou , Zhihui Li , Yongqiang Yu , Yanghao Zhou , Ruohao Guo , Guangyao Li , Yuxin Mao , Mingfei Han , Xiaojun Chang , Meng Wang

Existing research has shown that a multilingual pre-trained language model fine-tuned with one (source) language also performs well on downstream tasks for non-source languages, even though no fine-tuning is done on these languages.…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2023-05-22 Yiduo Guo , Yaobo Liang , Dongyan Zhao , Bing Liu , Duan Nan

Fine-tuning large language models on new data improves task performance but degrades capabilities learned during pretraining, a phenomenon known as catastrophic forgetting. Existing methods mitigate this by modifying the fine-tuning…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2026-05-20 Parjanya Prajakta Prashant , Jiongli Zhu , Aldan Creo , Babak Salimi

Transformer-based models have emerged as one of the most widely used architectures for natural language processing, natural language generation, and image generation. The size of the state-of-the-art models has increased steadily reaching…

Hardware Architecture · Computer Science 2025-01-15 Rya Sanovar , Srikant Bharadwaj , Renee St. Amant , Victor Rühle , Saravan Rajmohan

Transformers achieve unrivalled performance in modelling language, but remain inefficient in terms of memory and time complexity. A possible remedy is to reduce the sequence length in the intermediate layers by pooling fixed-length segments…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2023-10-25 Piotr Nawrot , Jan Chorowski , Adrian Łańcucki , Edoardo M. Ponti

Maintaining consistent model performance across domains is a fundamental challenge in machine learning. While recent work has explored using LLM-generated data for fine-tuning, its impact on cross-domain generalization remains poorly…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2025-12-12 Chao-Chung Wu , Zhi Rui Tam , Chieh-Yen Lin , Yun-Nung Chen , Shao-Hua Sun , Hung-yi Lee

Training deep learning models can be computationally expensive. Prior works have shown that increasing the batch size can potentially lead to better overall throughput. However, the batch size is frequently limited by the accelerator memory…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2023-01-25 Muralidhar Andoorveedu , Zhanda Zhu , Bojian Zheng , Gennady Pekhimenko

Unified multimodal transformers, which handle both generation and understanding tasks within a shared parameter space, have received increasing attention in recent research. Although various unified transformers have been proposed, training…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2025-02-11 Weijia Mao , Zhenheng Yang , Mike Zheng Shou

Fine-tuning pre-trained transformers is a powerful technique for enhancing the performance of base models on specific tasks. From early applications in models like BERT to fine-tuning Large Language Models (LLMs), this approach has been…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2025-02-25 Suneel Nadipalli