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In this paper, we present AltVoice -- a system designed to help user's protect their privacy when using remotely accessed voice services. The system allows a user to conceal their true voice identity information with no cooperation from the…

Cryptography and Security · Computer Science 2022-02-15 Henry Turner , Giulio Lovisotto , Simon Eberz , Ivan Martinovic

Large Language Models (LLMs) have achieved remarkable performance and received significant research interest. The enormous computational demands, however, hinder the local deployment on devices with limited resources. The current prevalent…

Cryptography and Security · Computer Science 2026-02-13 Yujie Gu , Richeng Jin , Xiaoyu Ji , Yier Jin , Wenyuan Xu

While open Large Language Models (LLMs) have made significant progress, they still fall short of matching the performance of their closed, proprietary counterparts, making the latter attractive even for the use on highly private data.…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2024-11-18 Vincent Hanke , Tom Blanchard , Franziska Boenisch , Iyiola Emmanuel Olatunji , Michael Backes , Adam Dziedzic

As Large Language Models (LLMs) increasingly become key components in various AI applications, understanding their security vulnerabilities and the effectiveness of defense mechanisms is crucial. This survey examines the security challenges…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2024-06-04 Frank Weizhen Liu , Chenhui Hu

After a large language model (LLM) is deployed on edge devices, it is desirable for these devices to learn from user-generated conversation data to generate user-specific and personalized responses in real-time. However, user-generated data…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2024-04-18 Ruiyang Qin , Jun Xia , Zhenge Jia , Meng Jiang , Ahmed Abbasi , Peipei Zhou , Jingtong Hu , Yiyu Shi

We study the inherent trade-offs in minimizing privacy risks and maximizing utility, while maintaining high computational efficiency, when fine-tuning large language models (LLMs). A number of recent works in privacy research have attempted…

Artificial Intelligence · Computer Science 2026-02-10 Soumi Das , Camila Kolling , Mohammad Aflah Khan , Mahsa Amani , Bishwamittra Ghosh , Qinyuan Wu , Till Speicher , Krishna P. Gummadi

Large Language Models (LLMs) are increasingly deployed as agents that orchestrate tasks and integrate external tools to execute complex workflows. We demonstrate that these interactive behaviors leave distinctive fingerprints in encrypted…

Cryptography and Security · Computer Science 2025-10-09 Yixiang Zhang , Xinhao Deng , Zhongyi Gu , Yihao Chen , Ke Xu , Qi Li , Jianping Wu

To protect user privacy in data analysis, a state-of-the-art strategy is differential privacy in which scientific noise is injected into the real analysis output. The noise masks individual's sensitive information contained in the dataset.…

Cryptography and Security · Computer Science 2018-06-20 Xuan-Son Vu , Lili Jiang

Large language models (LLMs) are commonly adapted to downstream tasks through fine-tuning, but fine-tuning data often contains sensitive information that may be leaked by the resulting model. Differential privacy (DP) offers formal…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2026-05-19 Haichao Sha , Zihao Wang , Yuncheng Wu , Hong Chen , Wei Dong

Language Models as a Service (LMaaS) offers convenient access for developers and researchers to perform inference using pre-trained language models. Nonetheless, the input data and the inference results containing private information are…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2024-02-14 Yixiang Yao , Fei Wang , Srivatsan Ravi , Muhao Chen

Large Language Models (LLMs) are now commonplace in conversation applications. However, their risks of misuse for generating harmful responses have raised serious societal concerns and spurred recent research on LLM conversation safety.…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2024-03-28 Zhichen Dong , Zhanhui Zhou , Chao Yang , Jing Shao , Yu Qiao

The imposing evolution of artificial intelligence systems and, specifically, of Large Language Models (LLM) makes it necessary to carry out assessments of their level of risk and the impact they may have in the area of privacy, personal…

Computers and Society · Computer Science 2024-04-03 Nicola Fabiano

Large Language Models (LLMs) have become a cornerstone in the field of Natural Language Processing (NLP), offering transformative capabilities in understanding and generating human-like text. However, with their rising prominence, the…

Cryptography and Security · Computer Science 2024-03-26 Arijit Ghosh Chowdhury , Md Mofijul Islam , Vaibhav Kumar , Faysal Hossain Shezan , Vaibhav Kumar , Vinija Jain , Aman Chadha

Context: As mobile applications (Apps) widely spread over our society and life, various personal information is constantly demanded by Apps in exchange for more intelligent and customized functionality. An increasing number of users are…

Software Engineering · Computer Science 2023-10-12 Jianzhang Zhang , Jinping Hua , Yiyang Chen , Nan Niu , Chuang Liu

Recordings in everyday life require privacy preservation of the speech content and speaker identity. This contribution explores the influence of noise and reverberation on the trade-off between privacy and utility for low-cost…

Audio and Speech Processing · Electrical Eng. & Systems 2026-02-04 Jule Pohlhausen , Francesco Nespoli , Joerg Bitzer

Cloud-based Large Language Models (LLMs) such as ChatGPT have become increasingly integral to daily operations. Nevertheless, they also introduce privacy concerns: firstly, numerous studies underscore the risks to user privacy posed by…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2025-03-24 Sam Lin , Wenyue Hua , Zhenting Wang , Mingyu Jin , Lizhou Fan , Yongfeng Zhang

Voice-enabled interactions provide more human-like experiences in many popular IoT systems. Cloud-based speech analysis services extract useful information from voice input using speech recognition techniques. The voice signal is a rich…

Cryptography and Security · Computer Science 2019-08-13 Ranya Aloufi , Hamed Haddadi , David Boyle

With the rapid progress of large language models (LLMs), many downstream NLP tasks can be well solved given appropriate prompts. Though model developers and researchers work hard on dialog safety to avoid generating harmful content from…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2023-11-02 Haoran Li , Dadi Guo , Wei Fan , Mingshi Xu , Jie Huang , Fanpu Meng , Yangqiu Song

User profiling, the practice of collecting user information for personalized recommendations, has become widespread, driving progress in technology. However, this growth poses a threat to user privacy, as devices often collect sensitive…

Information Retrieval · Computer Science 2025-04-11 Rishika Kohli , Shaifu Gupta , Manoj Singh Gaur

The rapid advancements of large language models (LLMs) have raised public concerns about the privacy leakage of personally identifiable information (PII) within their extensive training datasets. Recent studies have demonstrated that an…

Cryptography and Security · Computer Science 2024-08-01 Xiaoyi Chen , Siyuan Tang , Rui Zhu , Shijun Yan , Lei Jin , Zihao Wang , Liya Su , Zhikun Zhang , XiaoFeng Wang , Haixu Tang