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We propose and analyze a method for improving quantum chemical energy calculations on a quantum computer impaired by decoherence and shot noise. The error mitigation approach relies on the fact that the one- and two-particle reduced density…

Quantum state tomography is a fundamental task in quantum information science, enabling detailed characterization of correlations, entanglement, and electronic structure in quantum systems. However, its exponential measurement and…

The reduced density matrix (RDM) is crucial in quantum many-body systems for understanding physical properties, including all local physical quantity information. This study aims to minimize various error constraints that causes challenges…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2024-01-01 Nayuta Takemori , Yusuke Teranishi , Wataru Mizukami , Nobuyuki Yoshioka

Partial tomography, which focuses on reconstructing reduced density matrices (RDMs), has emerged as a promising approach for characterizing complex quantum systems, particularly when full state tomography is impractical. Recently,…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2024-10-18 Chao Wei , Tao Xin

Classical shadow tomography offers a scalable route to estimating properties of quantum states, but the resulting reduced density matrices (RDMs) often violate constraints that ensure they represent $N$-electron states -- known as…

Fermionic reduced density matrices summarize the key observables in fermionic systems. In electronic systems, the two-particle reduced density matrix (2-RDM) is sufficient to determine the energy and most physical observables of interest.…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2023-06-12 Linqing Peng , Xing Zhang , Garnet Kin-Lic Chan

Many applications of quantum simulation require to prepare and then characterize quantum states by performing an efficient partial tomography to estimate observables corresponding to $k$-body reduced density matrices ($k$-RDMs). For…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2020-09-24 Xavier Bonet-Monroig , Ryan Babbush , Thomas E. O'Brien

Quantum state tomography via local measurements is an efficient tool for characterizing quantum states. However it requires that the original global state be uniquely determined (UD) by its local reduced density matrices (RDMs). In this…

Linear response (LR) is an important tool in the computational chemist's toolbox. It is therefore no surprise that the emergence of quantum computers has led to a quantum version, quantum LR (qLR). However, the current quantum era of…

Efficiently estimating energy expectation values of quantum lattice systems on quantum computers is a crucial subroutine for various quantum algorithms, which can lead to significant overhead due to the high measurement shot numbers…

A novel parallel hybrid quantum-classical algorithm for the solution of the quantum-chemical ground-state energy problem on gate-based quantum computers is presented. This approach is based on the reduced density-matrix functional theory…

Quantum noise fundamentally limits the utility of near-term quantum devices, making error mitigation essential for practical quantum computation. While traditional quantum error correction codes require substantial qubit overhead and…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2025-09-23 Karan Kendre

The reliable characterization of quantum states is a fundamental task in quantum information science. For this purpose, quantum state tomography provides a standard framework for reconstructing quantum states from measurement data, yet it…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2026-04-14 Yixuan Hu , Mengru Ma , Jiangwei Shang

Quantum-dense metrology (QDM) constitutes a special case of quantum metrology in which two orthogonal phase space projections of a signal are simultaneously sensed beyond the shot noise limit. Previously it was shown that the additional…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2016-11-02 Melanie Ast , Sebastian Steinlechner , Roman Schnabel

The readout error on near-term quantum devices is one of the dominant noise factors, which can be mitigated by classical postprocessing called quantum readout error mitigation (QREM). The standard QREM applies the inverse of noise…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2025-05-16 Bo Yang , Rudy Raymond , Shumpei Uno

Quantum error correction is essential for reliable quantum computation, where surface codes demonstrate high fault-tolerant thresholds and hardware efficiency. However, noise in single-shot measurements limits logical readout fidelity,…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2025-05-13 Xiao-Yue Xu , Chen Ding , Wan-Su Bao

Quantum error mitigation is an important technique to reduce the impact of noise in quantum computers. With more and more qubits being supported on quantum computers, there are two emerging fundamental challenges. First, the number of shots…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2025-01-14 Dror Baron , Hrushikesh Pramod Patil , Huiyang Zhou

Calculating bounds of properties of many-body quantum systems is of paramount importance, since they guide our understanding of emergent quantum phenomena and complement the insights obtained from estimation methods. Recent semidefinite…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2026-01-16 Luke Mortimer , Leonardo Zambrano , Antonio Acín , Donato Farina

Quantum error mitigation has been proposed as a means to combat unwanted and unavoidable errors in near-term quantum computing without the heavy resource overheads required by fault tolerant schemes. Recently, error mitigation has been…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2024-10-15 Yihui Quek , Daniel Stilck França , Sumeet Khatri , Johannes Jakob Meyer , Jens Eisert

Excited-state properties of highly correlated systems are key to understanding photosynthesis, luminescence, and the development of novel optical materials, but accurately capturing their interactions is computationally costly. We present…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2024-08-21 Irma Avdic , David A. Mazziotti
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