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Autonomous vehicles often make complex decisions via machine learning-based predictive models applied to collected sensor data. While this combination of methods provides a foundation for real-time actions, self-driving behavior primarily…
There has been recent and growing interest in the development and deployment of autonomous vehicles, encouraged by the empirical successes of powerful artificial intelligence techniques (AI), especially in the applications of deep learning…
End-to-end robot policies achieve high performance through neural networks trained via reinforcement learning (RL). Yet, their black box nature and abstract reasoning pose challenges for human-robot interaction (HRI), because humans may…
With the increasing presence of autonomous SAE level 3 and level 4, which incorporate artificial intelligence software, along with the complex technical challenges they present, it is essential to maintain a high level of functional safety…
AI has become integral to safety-critical areas like autonomous driving systems (ADS) and robotics. The architecture of recent autonomous systems are trending toward end-to-end (E2E) monolithic architectures such as large language models…
The state-of-the-art driving automation system demands extreme computational resources to meet rigorous accuracy and latency requirements. Though emerging driving automation computing platforms are based on ASIC to provide better…
As aircraft systems become increasingly autonomous, the human-machine role allocation changes and opportunities for new failure modes arise. This necessitates an approach to identify the safety requirements for the increasingly autonomous…
In a time of rapidly evolving military threats and increasingly complex operational environments, the integration of AI into military operations proves significant advantages. At the same time, this implies various challenges and risks…
AI tools to support real world decision making must be able to build simulation models that inform their recommendations and render them interpretable. Tools that can automate aspects of modeling practice must complement human expertise,…
Large language models (LLMs) have demonstrated technical accuracy in high-risk domains, such as mental health support and special education. However, they often fail to meet the nuanced behavioral expectations of domain experts. This gap…
The design of embedded safety-critical systems such as those used in next-generation automotive and autonomous platforms, is increasingly challenged by escalating system complexity, hardware-software heterogeneity, and the integration of…
The rapid expansion of Learning Analytics (LA) and Artificial Intelligence in Education (AIED) offers new scalable, data-intensive systems but also raises concerns about data privacy and agency. Excluding stakeholders -- like students and…
Recent developments in artificial intelligence (AI) have permeated through an array of different immersive environments, including virtual, augmented, and mixed realities. AI brings a wealth of potential that centers on its ability to…
The fast pace of advances in AI promises to revolutionize various aspects of knowledge work, extending its influence to daily life and professional fields alike. We advocate for a paradigm where AI is seen as a collaborative co-pilot,…
Collaborative AI systems (CAISs) aim at working together with humans in a shared space to achieve a common goal. This critical setting yields hazardous circumstances that could harm human beings. Thus, building such systems with strong…
Autonomous navigation in maritime domains is accelerating alongside advances in artificial intelligence, sensing, and connectivity. Opaque decision-making and poorly calibrated human-automation interaction remain key barriers to safe…
Modern civilian and military systems have created a demand for sophisticated intelligent autonomous machines capable of operating in uncertain dynamic environments. Such systems are realizable thanks in large part to major advances in…
Machine Learning (ML) is now used in a range of systems with results that are reported to exceed, under certain conditions, human performance. Many of these systems, in domains such as healthcare , automotive and manufacturing, exhibit high…
As AI models scale to billions of parameters and operate with increasing autonomy, ensuring their safe, reliable operation demands engineering-grade security and assurance frameworks. This paper presents an enterprise-level, risk-aware,…
This paper introduces a high-performance artificial intelligence operating system tailored for low-altitude aviation, designed to address key challenges such as real-time task execution, computational efficiency, and seamless modular…