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Related papers: GuardReasoner: Towards Reasoning-based LLM Safegua…

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As LLMs become widespread across diverse applications, concerns about the security and safety of LLM interactions have intensified. Numerous guardrail models and benchmarks have been developed to ensure LLM content safety. However, existing…

Cryptography and Security · Computer Science 2026-02-13 Mintong Kang , Zhaorun Chen , Chejian Xu , Jiawei Zhang , Chengquan Guo , Minzhou Pan , Ivan Revilla , Yu Sun , Bo Li

As large language models (LLMs) are increasingly deployed in real-world applications, safety guardrails are required to go beyond coarse-grained filtering and support fine-grained, interpretable, and adaptable risk assessment. However,…

As large language models (LLMs) evolve from static chatbots into autonomous agents, the primary vulnerability surface shifts from final outputs to intermediate execution traces. While safety guardrails are well-benchmarked for natural…

Cryptography and Security · Computer Science 2026-04-09 Yen-Shan Chen , Sian-Yao Huang , Cheng-Lin Yang , Yun-Nung Chen

Large Reasoning Models (LRMs) have achieved remarkable success on reasoning-intensive tasks such as mathematics and programming. However, their enhanced reasoning capabilities do not necessarily translate to improved safety performance-and…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2026-04-21 Zhexin Zhang , Xian Qi Loye , Victor Shea-Jay Huang , Junxiao Yang , Qi Zhu , Shiyao Cui , Fei Mi , Lifeng Shang , Yingkang Wang , Hongning Wang , Minlie Huang

The emergence of Large Reasoning Models (LRMs) introduces a new paradigm of explicit reasoning, enabling remarkable advances yet posing unique risks such as reasoning manipulation and information leakage. To mitigate these risks, current…

Artificial Intelligence · Computer Science 2026-02-03 Jingnan Zheng , Jingjun Xu , Yanzhen Luo , Chenhang Cui , Gelei Deng , Zhenkai Liang , Xiang Wang , An Zhang , Tat-Seng Chua

Large reasoning models (LRMs) extend large language models by generating explicit chain-of-thought (CoT) reasoning, significantly improving mathematical and logical problem solving. However, this explicit reasoning process also introduces…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2025-12-02 Jinghan Jia , Nathalie Baracaldo , Sijia Liu

Large Language Model (LLM) safety guardrail models have emerged as a primary defense mechanism against harmful content generation, yet their robustness against sophisticated adversarial attacks remains poorly characterized. This study…

Cryptography and Security · Computer Science 2025-12-01 Richard J. Young

The rapid advancement of large language models (LLMs) has increased the need for guardrail models to ensure responsible use, particularly in detecting unsafe and illegal content. While substantial safety data exist in English, multilingual…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2025-02-10 Yihe Deng , Yu Yang , Junkai Zhang , Wei Wang , Bo Li

Large Reasoning Models (LRMs) leverage transparent reasoning traces, known as Chain-of-Thoughts (CoTs), to break down complex problems into intermediate steps and derive final answers. However, these reasoning traces introduce unique safety…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2025-10-16 Changyi Li , Jiayi Wang , Xudong Pan , Geng Hong , Min Yang

Recent breakthroughs in Large Language Models (LLMs) have led to their adoption across a wide range of tasks, ranging from code generation to machine translation and sentiment analysis, etc. Red teaming/Safety alignment efforts show that…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2024-09-25 Essa Jan , Nouar AlDahoul , Moiz Ali , Faizan Ahmad , Fareed Zaffar , Yasir Zaki

Large language models (LLMs) are increasingly deployed behind safety guardrails such as system prompts and content filters, especially in settings where product teams cannot modify model weights. In practice these guardrails are typically…

Cryptography and Security · Computer Science 2025-12-19 Perry Abdulkadir

Large language model (LLM) safety classifiers such as Llama Guard are effective at detecting overtly harmful prompts but remain vulnerable to adversarial jailbreak attacks that disguise malicious intent through role-play scenarios,…

Cryptography and Security · Computer Science 2026-05-26 Lixing Lin , Juli You , Yue Li , Luyun Lin , Yiqing Wang , Zhen Zhang , Moxuan Zheng

Large Reasoning Models (LRMs) have demonstrated remarkable performance on tasks such as mathematics and code generation. Motivated by these strengths, recent work has empirically demonstrated the effectiveness of LRMs as guard models in…

Cryptography and Security · Computer Science 2025-09-29 Jiawei Zhao , Yuang Qi , Weiming Zhang , Nenghai Yu , Kejiang Chen

Recent advances in LLMs have enhanced AI capabilities, but also increased the risk posed by malicious requests, highlighting the need for effective LLM safeguards to detect such queries. Existing approaches largely rely on classifier-based…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2025-10-14 Zhuowei Chen , Bowei Zhang , Nankai Lin , Tian Hou , Lianxi Wang

Guardrails are a critical safety layer for modern AI systems, but their operating regime is changing. As LLMs are deployed as customized assistants, safety policies are increasingly specified at inference time by users, organizations, or…

Cryptography and Security · Computer Science 2026-05-19 Nanxi Li , Zhengyue Zhao , Chaowei Xiao

Large Language Models (LLMs) are typically aligned for safety during the post-training phase; however, they may still generate inappropriate outputs that could potentially pose risks to users. This challenge underscores the need for robust…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2025-12-08 Mahesh Kumar Nandwana , Youngwan Lim , Joseph Liu , Alex Yang , Varun Notibala , Nishchaie Khanna

Large Language Models (LLMs) have demonstrated remarkable success across various NLP benchmarks. However, excelling in complex tasks that require nuanced reasoning and precise decision-making demands more than raw language proficiency--LLMs…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2025-02-24 Ang Li , Yichuan Mo , Mingjie Li , Yifei Wang , Yisen Wang

Large Reasoning Models (LRMs) have demonstrated impressive performance in reasoning-intensive tasks, but they remain vulnerable to harmful content generation, particularly in the mid-to-late steps of their reasoning processes. Current…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2026-05-07 Yuquan Wang , Mi Zhang , Yining Wang , Geng Hong , Mi Wen , Xiaoyu You , Min Yang

Reasoning methods that adaptively allocate test-time compute have advanced LLM performance on easy to verify domains such as math and code. In this work, we study how to utilize this approach to train models that exhibit a degree of…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2025-10-28 Taeyoun Kim , Fahim Tajwar , Aditi Raghunathan , Aviral Kumar

Intelligent software systems powered by Large Language Models (LLMs) are increasingly deployed in critical sectors, raising concerns about their safety during runtime. Through an industry-academic collaboration when deploying an LLM-powered…

Software Engineering · Computer Science 2025-09-23 Rui Yang , Michael Fu , Chakkrit Tantithamthavorn , Chetan Arora , Gunel Gulmammadova , Joey Chua