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We report preliminary considerations on cryogenics for a higher-energy LHC ("HE-LHC") with about 16.5 TeV beam energy and 20-T dipole magnets. In particular we sketch the heat loads scaled on the proposed principal beam parameters and size…
An accurate analysis of the conduction heat transfer in a cryogenic flask is made and some useful formulae are derived. Taking into account the temperature dependence of conductivity and tensile strength of the supporting rods for a helium…
The number of electrified powertrains is ever increasing today towards a more sustainable future; thus, it is essential that unwanted failures are prevented, and a reliable operation is secured. Monitoring the internal temperatures of…
One of the ways natural and synthetic systems regulate temperature is via circulating fluids through vasculatures embedded within their bodies. Because of the flexibility and availability of proven fabrication techniques, vascular-based…
Neutral hydrogen 21 cm transition is a useful tracer of the neutral interstellar medium. However, inferring physical condition from the observed 21 cm absorption and/or emission spectra is often not straightforward. One complication in…
It is commonplace in helium cryogenic systems to utilize vacuum insulation to mitigate convective heat transfer to the low temperature fluids. While the insulating vacuum meaningfully improves cryogenic system thermal performance, failure…
We developed a soft and high thermal conductive heat link for cryogenic applications. The measured maximum thermal conductivity was approximately 18500 W/m/K at 10 K. This spring constant was 1/43 of that of a single thick wire with the…
Intermediate level waste containers are used for the storage of an assortment of radioactive waste. This waste is heat-generating and needs monitoring and so this work was undertaken to determine whether the mean internal container…
Metallic hydrogen and hydride materials stand as promising avenues to achieve room-temperature superconductivity. Characterized by their high phonon frequencies and moderate coupling strengths, several high-pressure hydrides were…
Over 85% of all chemical industry products are made using catalysts, with the overwhelming majority of these employing heterogeneous catalysts functioning at the gas-solid interface. Consequently, optimizing catalytic reactor design…
Large-scale cryogenic Input-Output (IO) infrastructure is a requirement for realising fault-tolerant quantum computing in solid-state modalities. Such IO scaling presents significant challenges in thermal modelling, hardware design and…
Cryogenic applications in high-energy physics (HEP) demand reliable, low-power CMOS electronics capable of operating at liquid nitrogen temperatures (77 K). The open-source SkyWater 130nm (SKY130) CMOS process has previously been shown to…
A model of a multilayer device with non-trivial geometrical structure and nonlinear dependencies of thermodynamic material properties at cryogenic temperatures is suggested. A considered device, called cryogenic cell, is intended for use in…
Thermal conductivity and interfacial thermal conductance play crucial roles in the design of engineering systems where temperature and thermal stress are of concerns. To date, a variety of measurement techniques are available for both bulk…
The planned High Luminosity upgrade to the Large Hadron Collider at CERN aims to increase the instantaneous luminosity peak to about 7.5 x 10^{34} cm^{-2}s^{-1}. The ATLAS detector will be extensively re-designed to meet the challenges of…
This work introduces a thermoreflectance-based system designed to measure the surface temperature field of activated microelectronic devices at submicron spatial resolution with either a laser or a CCD camera. The article describes the…
The optimum design of high-sensitivity Superconducting Quantum Interference Devices (SQUIDs) and other devices based on thin HTS films requires accurate inductance modeling. This needs the London penetration depth $\lambda$ to be well…
A calculation method for engine temperatures is presented. Special focus is placed on the transient and scattering boundary conditions within the combustion chamber, including fired and coasting conditions, as well as the dynamic heat…
In this study, we experimentally investigated the wall heat transfer and flow field configuration of incident-reflected shock wave-turbulent boundary layer interactions on a cooled wall in supersonic flow. Wind tunnel experiments were…
Thermal ionization is a critical process at temperatures T > 10 3 K, particularly during star formation. An increase in ionization leads to a decrease in nonideal magnetohydrodynamics (MHD) resistivities, which has a significant impact on…