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We investigate the reasons of having confidence in mathematical theorems. The formalist point of view maintains that formal derivations underlying proofs, although usually not carried out in practice, contribute to this confidence. Opposing…
The new definition of fractional statistics given by Haldane can be understood in some special cases in terms of the Riemann-Roch theorem.
We introduce kernel density machines (KDM), an agnostic kernel-based framework for learning the Radon-Nikodym derivative (density) between probability measures under minimal assumptions. KDM applies to general measurable spaces and avoids…
The famous G\"odel incompleteness theorem states that for every consistent sufficiently rich formal theory T there exist true statements that are unprovable in T. Such statements would be natural candidates for being added as axioms, but…
By Solovay's celebrated completeness result on formal provability we know that the provability logic $\mathrm GL$ describes exactly all provable structural properties for any sound and strong enough arithmetical theory with a decidable…
Fracterms are introduced as a proxy for fractions. A precise definition of fracterms is formulated and on that basis reasonably precise definitions of various classes of fracterms are given. In the context of the meadow of rational numbers…
The apparent failure of individual probabilistic expressions to distinguish uncertainty about truths from uncertainty about probabilistic assessments have prompted researchers to seek formalisms where the two types of uncertainties are…
Local consistency arises in diverse areas, including Bayesian statistics, relational databases, and quantum foundations, and so does the notion of functional dependence. We adopt a general approach to study logical inference in a setting…
The paper is concerned with the change of probability measures $\mu$ along non-random probability measure valued trajectories $\nu_t$, $t\in [-1,1]$. Typically solutions to non-linear PDEs, modeling spatial development as time progresses,…
We show that under quite general conditions, various multifractal spectra may be obtained as Legendre transforms of functions $T\colon \RR\to \RR$ arising in the thermodynamic formalism. We impose minimal requirements on the maps we…
The class of substitutions of some primitive components is introduced. A bilateral subshift arising from a substitution of some primitive components is decomposed into pairwise disjoint, locally compact, shift-invariant sets, on each of…
In this note, we give an alternate proof of the multinomial theorem using a probabilistic approach. Although the multinomial theorem is basically a combinatorial result, our proof may be simpler for a student familiar with only basic…
A number of writers(Joseph Halpern and Fahiem Bacchus among them) have offered semantics for formal languages in which inferences concerning probabilities can be made. Our concern is different. This paper provides a formalization of…
It is quite well-known from Kurt Godel's (1931) ground-breaking result on the Incompleteness Theorem that rudimentary relations (i.e., those definable by bounded formulae) are primitive recursive, and that primitive recursive functions are…
Motivated by the problem of finding finite versions of classical incompleteness theorems, we present some conjectures that go beyond ${\bf NP\neq co NP}$. These conjectures formally connect computational complexity with the difficulty of…
This paper belongs to the field of probabilistic modal logic, focusing on a comparative analysis of two distinct semantics: one rooted in Kripke semantics and the other in neighbourhood semantics. The primary distinction lies in the…
We show that the Aldous--Hoover Theorem, giving representations for exchangeable arrays of Borel-valued random variables, extends to random variables where the common distribution of the random variables is Radon, or even merely compact, a…
We present a reading of the traditional syllogistics in a fragment of the propositional intuitionistic multiplicative linear logic and prove that with respect to a diagrammatic logical calculus that we introduced in a previous paper, a…
We provide a short proof of the Ray-Knight second generalized Theorem, using a martingale which can be seen (on the positive quadrant) as the Radon-Nikodym derivative of the reversed vertex-reinforced jump process measure with respect to…
First we survey generating function methods for obtaining useful probability estimates about random matrices in the finite classical groups. Then we describe a probabilistic picture of conjugacy classes which is coherent and beautiful.…