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We study the problem of conjunctive query evaluation relative to a class of queries; this problem is formulated here as the relational homomorphism problem relative to a class of structures A, wherein each instance must be a pair of…

Computational Complexity · Computer Science 2016-03-02 Hubie Chen , Moritz Müller

Let $H$ be a fixed graph. What can be said about graphs $G$ that have no subgraph isomorphic to a subdivision of $H$? Grohe and Marx proved that such graphs $G$ satisfy a certain structure theorem that is not satisfied by graphs that…

Combinatorics · Mathematics 2022-05-10 Chun-Hung Liu , Robin Thomas

This paper deals with graph classes characterization and recognition. A popular way to characterize a graph class is to list a minimal set of forbidden induced subgraphs. Unfortunately this strategy usually does not lead to an efficient…

Data Structures and Algorithms · Computer Science 2020-07-21 Laurent Feuilloley , Michel Habib

The graph structure is a commonly used data storage mode, and it turns out that the low-dimensional embedded representation of nodes in the graph is extremely useful in various typical tasks, such as node classification, link prediction ,…

Social and Information Networks · Computer Science 2020-08-03 Xing Li , Wei Wei , Xiangnan Feng , Xue Liu , Zhiming Zheng

Graphs, and sequences of growing graphs, can be used to specify the architecture of mathematical models in many fields including machine learning and computational science. Here we define structured graph "lineages" (ordered by level…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2025-08-04 Eric Mjolsness , Cory B. Scott

A class of structures is monadically dependent if one cannot interpret all graphs in colored expansions from the class using a fixed first-order formula. A tree-ordered $\sigma$-structure is the expansion of a $\sigma$-structure with a…

Discrete Mathematics · Computer Science 2026-01-26 Hector Buffière , Yuquan Lin , Jaroslav Nešetřil , Patrice Ossona de Mendez , Sebastian Siebertz

We present a structural approach of some results about jumps in the behavior of the profile (alias generating function) of hereditary classes of finite structures. We consider the following notion due to N.Thi\'ery and the second author. A…

Combinatorics · Mathematics 2023-12-12 Djamila Oudrar , Maurice Pouzet

First-order logic is known to have limited expressive power over finite structures. It enjoys in particular the locality property, which states that first-order formulae cannot have a global view of a structure. This limitation ensures on…

Logic in Computer Science · Computer Science 2009-04-14 Stephane Grumbach , Zhilin Wu

Graph embedding, especially as a subgraph of a grid, is an old topic in VLSI design and graph drawing. In this paper, we investigate related questions concerning the complexity of embedding a graph $G$ in a host graph that is the strong…

Computational Geometry · Computer Science 2026-01-21 Therese Biedl , David Eppstein , Torsten Ueckerdt

Target class classification is a mixed classification and transition model whose integrated goal is to assign objects to a certain, so called target or normal class. The classification process is iterative, and in each step an object in a…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2024-03-25 Levon Aslanyan , Hasmik Sahakyan

We collect some general results on graph limits associated to hereditary classes of graphs. As examples, we consider some classes defined by forbidden subgraphs and some classes of intersection graphs, including triangle-free graphs,…

Combinatorics · Mathematics 2013-03-29 Svante Janson

The main goal of this note is to provide a First-Order Logic with Betweenness (FOLB) axiomatization of the main classes of graphs occurring in Metric Graph Theory, in analogy to Tarski's axiomatization of Euclidean geometry. We provide such…

Combinatorics · Mathematics 2024-07-12 Jérémie Chalopin , Manoj Changat , Victor Chepoi , Jeny Jacob

Balogh, Bollob\'{a}s and Morris (2006) have described a threshold phenomenon in the behavior of the profile of hereditary classes of ordered graphs. In this paper, we give an other look at their result based on the notion of monomorphic…

Combinatorics · Mathematics 2019-01-29 Djamila Oudrar

The reasoning process of Graph Neural Networks is complex and considered opaque, limiting trust in their predictions. To alleviate this issue, prior work has proposed concept-based explanations, extracted from clusters in the model's node…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2026-04-22 Lucie Charlotte Magister , Alexander Norcliffe , Iulia Duta , Pietro Lio

We show that for every graph $H$, there is a hereditary weakly sparse graph class $\mathcal C_H$ of unbounded treewidth such that the $H$-free (i.e., excluding $H$ as an induced subgraph) graphs of $\mathcal C_H$ have bounded treewidth.…

Combinatorics · Mathematics 2025-04-02 Bogdan Alecu , Édouard Bonnet , Pedro Bureo Villafana , Nicolas Trotignon

Daily internet communication relies heavily on tree-structured graphs, embodied by popular data formats such as XML and JSON. However, many recent generative (probabilistic) models utilize neural networks to learn a probability distribution…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2024-08-20 Milan Papež , Martin Rektoris , Tomáš Pevný , Václav Šmídl

We deal with first-order definability in the embeddability ordering $( \mathcal{D}; \leq)$ of finite directed graphs. A directed graph $G\in \mathcal{D}$ is said to be embeddable into $G' \in \mathcal{D}$ if there exists an injective graph…

Logic · Mathematics 2018-06-21 Ádám Kunos

Models of complex networks are generally defined as graph stochastic processes in which edges and vertices are added or deleted over time to simulate the evolution of networks. Here, we define a unifying framework - probabilistic inductive…

Dynamical Systems · Mathematics 2010-11-10 Nataša Kejžar , Zoran Nikoloski , Vladimir Batagelj

Daligault, Rao and Thomass\'e asked whether every hereditary graph class that is well-quasi-ordered by the induced subgraph relation has bounded clique-width. Lozin, Razgon and Zamaraev (JCTB 2017+) gave a negative answer to this question,…

Combinatorics · Mathematics 2017-11-27 Konrad K. Dabrowski , Vadim V. Lozin , Daniël Paulusma

Transductive tasks on graphs differ fundamentally from typical supervised machine learning tasks, as the independent and identically distributed (i.i.d.) assumption does not hold among samples. Instead, all train/test/validation samples are…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2024-11-21 Hamed Shirzad , Honghao Lin , Ameya Velingker , Balaji Venkatachalam , David Woodruff , Danica Sutherland