English
Related papers

Related papers: SoK: Measuring Blockchain Decentralization

200 papers

The distributed consensus mechanism is the backbone of the rapidly developing blockchain network. Blockchain platforms consume vast amounts of electricity based on the current consensus mechanism of Proof of Work. Here, we point out an…

Computers and Society · Computer Science 2022-01-19 Xiaoyang Shi , Hang Xiao , Weifeng Liu , Xi Chen , Klaus. S. Lackner , Vitalik Buterin , Thomas F. Stocker

The work presents a solution for completely decentralized data management systems in geographically distributed environments with administratively unrelated or loosely related user groups and in conditions of partial or complete lack of…

Distributed, Parallel, and Cluster Computing · Computer Science 2021-12-21 Andrey Demichev , Alexander Kryukov

Consensus algorithms are central to blockchain technology and an emerging research area. In this paper, we begin with an overview of the different types and architectures of blockchain networks. Then, with a focus on consortium blockchains,…

Data Structures and Algorithms · Computer Science 2023-09-28 Wei Yao , Fadi P. Deek , Renita Murimi , Guiling Wang

Recent years have witnessed an increasing interest in the blockchain technology, and many blockchain-based applications have been developed to take advantage of its decentralization, transparency, fault tolerance, and strong security. In…

Cryptography and Security · Computer Science 2021-09-30 Yihao Guo , Zhiguo Wan , Xiuzhen Cheng

Blockchain plays a crucial role in ensuring the security and integrity of decentralized systems, with the proof-of-work (PoW) mechanism being fundamental for achieving distributed consensus. As PoW blockchains see broader adoption, an…

Systems and Control · Electrical Eng. & Systems 2026-01-07 Xunqiang Lan , Xiao Tang , Ruonan Zhang , Bin Li , Qinghe Du , Dusit Niyato , Zhu Han

The Internet of Things (IoT) is experiencing explosive growth and has gained extensive attention from academia and industry in recent years. Most of the existing IoT infrastructures are centralized, in which the presence of a cloud server…

Cryptography and Security · Computer Science 2019-02-12 Yannan Li , Willy Susilo , Guomin Yang , Yong Yu , Dongxi Liu , Mohsen Guizani

This thesis provides an in-depth exploration of the Decentralized Co-governance Crowdfunding (DCC) Ecosystem, a novel solution addressing prevailing challenges in conventional crowdfunding methods faced by MSMEs and innovative projects.…

Computers and Society · Computer Science 2023-06-05 Bingyou Chen , Yu Luo , Jieni Li , Yujian Li , Ying Liu , Fan Yang , Junge Bo , Yanan Qiao

Smart contracts, the cornerstone of blockchain technology, enable secure, automated distributed execution. Given their role in handling large transaction volumes across clients, miners, and validators, exploring concurrency is critical.…

Cryptography and Security · Computer Science 2025-07-23 Atefeh Zareh Chahoki , Maurice Herlihy , Marco Roveri

Blockchain technology, while revolutionary in enabling decentralized transactions, faces scalability challenges as the ledger must be replicated across all nodes of the chain, limiting throughput and efficiency. Sharding, which divides the…

Distributed, Parallel, and Cluster Computing · Computer Science 2024-05-09 Björn Assmann , Samuel J. Burri

The Decentralized-Consistent-Scale (DCS) Triangle defines three dimensions that illustrate the tradeoffs of the blockchain consensus mechanism. In this paper, we propose a new hybrid consensus protocol, called Deterministic Proof of Work…

Cryptography and Security · Computer Science 2018-11-15 Zhuan Cheng , Gang Wu , Hao Wu , Muxing Zhao , Liang Zhao , Qingfeng Cai

Software debloating seeks to mitigate security risks and improve performance by eliminating unnecessary code. In recent years, a plethora of debloating tools have been developed, creating a dense and varied landscape. Several studies have…

Software Engineering · Computer Science 2024-07-17 Mohannad Alhanahnah , Yazan Boshmaf , Ashish Gehani

Since the inception of Bitcoin, cryptocurrencies and the underlying blockchain technology have attracted an increasing interest from both academia and industry. Among various core components, consensus protocol is the defining technology…

Cryptography and Security · Computer Science 2020-02-21 Yang Xiao , Ning Zhang , Wenjing Lou , Y. Thomas Hou

Over the past decade, blockchain technology has attracted a huge attention from both industry and academia because it can be integrated with a large number of everyday applications of modern information and communication technologies (ICT).…

Cryptography and Security · Computer Science 2022-07-08 Muneeb Ul Hassan , Mubashir Husain Rehmani , Jinjun Chen

Decentralized management and coordination of energy systems are emerging trends facilitated by the uptake of the Internet of Things and Blockchain offering new opportunities for more secure, resilient, and efficient energy distribution.…

Distributed, Parallel, and Cluster Computing · Computer Science 2021-01-26 Tudor Cioara , Claudia Pop , Razvan Zanc , Ionut Anghel , Marcel Antal , Ioan Salomie

Blockchain and distributed ledger technologies rely on distributed consensus algorithms. In recent years many consensus algorithms and protocols have been proposed; most of them are for permissioned blockchain networks. However, the…

Distributed, Parallel, and Cluster Computing · Computer Science 2023-01-19 Shiv Sondhi , Sherif Saad , Kevin Shi , Mohammad Mamun , Issa Traore

There has been tremendous interest in the development of formal trust models and metrics through the use of analytics (e.g., Belief Theory and Bayesian models), logics (e.g., Epistemic and Subjective Logic) and other mathematical models.…

Cryptography and Security · Computer Science 2021-06-10 Shantanu Pal , Ambrose Hill , Tahiry Rabehaja , Michael Hitchens

Blockchain technology has emerged as one of the most transformative digital innovations of the 21st century. This paper presents a comprehensive review of blockchain's fundamental architecture, tracing its development from Bitcoin's initial…

Cryptography and Security · Computer Science 2025-05-14 Aditya Pratap Singh

Proof-of-Work (PoW) systems face critical challenges, including excessive energy consumption and the centralization of mining power among entities with expensive hardware. Static mining pools exacerbate these issues by reducing competition…

Cryptography and Security · Computer Science 2025-04-25 Rizwanul Haque , SM Tareq Aziz , Tahrim Hossain , Faisal Haque Bappy , Muhammad Nur Yanhaona , Tariqul Islam

The growing number of implementations of blockchain systems stands in stark contrast with still limited research on a systematic comparison of performance characteristics of these solutions. Such research is crucial for evaluating…

Distributed, Parallel, and Cluster Computing · Computer Science 2022-08-25 Bulat Nasrulin , Martijn De Vos , Georgy Ishmaev , Johan Pouwelse

Proof-of-Work (PoW) consensus mechanism is popular among current blockchain systems, which leads to an increasing concern about the tremendous waste of energy due to massive meaningless computation. To address this issue, we propose a novel…

Distributed, Parallel, and Cluster Computing · Computer Science 2022-11-15 Canhui Chen , Zerui Cheng , Shutong Qu , Zhixuan Fang