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Large language model (LLM)-based systems are becoming increasingly popular for solving tasks by constructing executable workflows that interleave LLM calls, information retrieval, tool use, code execution, memory updates, and verification.…

Artificial Intelligence · Computer Science 2026-03-25 Ling Yue , Kushal Raj Bhandari , Ching-Yun Ko , Dhaval Patel , Shuxin Lin , Nianjun Zhou , Jianxi Gao , Pin-Yu Chen , Shaowu Pan

Predictive analysis is a cornerstone of modern decision-making, with applications in various domains. Large Language Models (LLMs) have emerged as powerful tools in enabling nuanced, knowledge-intensive conversations, thus aiding in complex…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2025-05-26 Qin Chen , Yuanyi Ren , Xiaojun Ma , Yuyang Shi

Recently, large language models (LLMs) have notably positioned them as capable tools for addressing complex optimization challenges. Despite this recognition, a predominant limitation of existing LLM-based optimization methods is their…

Artificial Intelligence · Computer Science 2024-03-05 Yuxiao Huang , Wenjie Zhang , Liang Feng , Xingyu Wu , Kay Chen Tan

Optimization benchmarks play a fundamental role in assessing algorithm performance; however, existing artificial benchmarks often fail to capture the diversity and irregularity of real-world problem structures, while benchmarks derived from…

Neural and Evolutionary Computing · Computer Science 2026-01-26 Yuhiro Ono , Tomohiro Harada , Yukiya Miura

Code Large Language Models (CLLMs) have exhibited outstanding performance in program synthesis, attracting the focus of the research community. The evaluation of CLLM's program synthesis capability has generally relied on manually curated…

Software Engineering · Computer Science 2025-05-13 Longtian Wang , Tianlin Li , Xiaofei Xie , Yuhan Zhi , Jian Wang , Chao Shen

Large language models (LLMs) have transformed natural language processing, with frameworks like Chatbot Arena providing pioneering platforms for evaluating these models. By facilitating millions of pairwise comparisons based on human…

Machine Learning · Statistics 2025-06-02 Siavash Ameli , Siyuan Zhuang , Ion Stoica , Michael W. Mahoney

The rapid development of large language model (LLM) evaluation methodologies and datasets has led to a profound challenge: integrating state-of-the-art evaluation techniques cost-effectively while ensuring reliability, reproducibility, and…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2024-04-10 Zhuohao Yu , Chang Gao , Wenjin Yao , Yidong Wang , Zhengran Zeng , Wei Ye , Jindong Wang , Yue Zhang , Shikun Zhang

While logical reasoning evaluation of Large Language Models (LLMs) has attracted significant attention, existing benchmarks predominantly rely on multiple-choice formats that are vulnerable to random guessing, leading to overestimated…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2025-02-25 Qin Zhu , Fei Huang , Runyu Peng , Keming Lu , Bowen Yu , Qinyuan Cheng , Xipeng Qiu , Xuanjing Huang , Junyang Lin

Large Language Models (LLMs) have made progress in various real-world tasks, which stimulates requirements for the evaluation of LLMs. Existing LLM evaluation methods are mainly supervised signal-based which depends on static datasets and…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2023-09-11 Jiatong Li , Rui Li , Qi Liu

Recent years have witnessed remarkable progress in the development of large vision-language models (LVLMs). Benefiting from the strong language backbones and efficient cross-modal alignment strategies, LVLMs exhibit surprising capabilities…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2023-10-18 Zejun Li , Ye Wang , Mengfei Du , Qingwen Liu , Binhao Wu , Jiwen Zhang , Chengxing Zhou , Zhihao Fan , Jie Fu , Jingjing Chen , Xuanjing Huang , Zhongyu Wei

We present two comprehensive benchmarks to evaluate the performance of language models in coding assistance tasks, covering code writing, debugging, code review, and conceptual understanding. Our main contribution includes two curated…

Software Engineering · Computer Science 2024-12-10 Nidhish Shah , Zulkuf Genc , Dogu Araci

Large Language Models (LLMs) have transformed how people interact with artificial intelligence (AI) systems, achieving state-of-the-art results in various tasks, including scientific discovery and hypothesis generation. However, the lack of…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2024-11-06 Sikun Guo , Amir Hassan Shariatmadari , Guangzhi Xiong , Albert Huang , Eric Xie , Stefan Bekiranov , Aidong Zhang

Vocabulary tests, once a cornerstone of language modeling evaluation, have been largely overlooked in the current landscape of Large Language Models (LLMs) like Llama, Mistral, and GPT. While most LLM evaluation benchmarks focus on specific…

Existing reasoning evaluation frameworks for Large Language Models (LLMs) and Large Vision-Language Models (LVLMs) predominantly assess either text-based reasoning or vision-language understanding capabilities, with limited dynamic…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2025-08-13 Jixuan Leng , Chengsong Huang , Langlin Huang , Bill Yuchen Lin , William W. Cohen , Haohan Wang , Jiaxin Huang

Current coding benchmarks often inflate Large Language Model (LLM) capabilities due to static paradigms and data contamination, enabling models to exploit statistical shortcuts rather than genuine reasoning. To address this, we introduce…

Software Engineering · Computer Science 2026-02-17 Xinyue Zheng , Haowei Lin , Shaofei Cai , Zilong Zheng , Yaodong Yang , Yitao Liang

Accurate load forecasting is crucial for maintaining the power balance between generators and consumers,particularly with the increasing integration of renewable energy sources, which introduce significant intermittent volatility. With the…

Systems and Control · Electrical Eng. & Systems 2024-09-04 Mingyang Gao , Suyang Zhou , Wei Gu , Zhi Wu , Haiquan Liu , Aihua Zhou

Multimodal Large Language Models (MLLMs) show impressive vision-language benchmark performance, yet growing concerns about data contamination (test set exposure during training) risk masking true generalization. This concern extends to…

Artificial Intelligence · Computer Science 2025-06-10 Ming Liu , Wensheng Zhang

Large Language Models (LLMs) are increasingly deployed in high-stakes contexts where their outputs influence real-world decisions. However, evaluating bias in LLM outputs remains methodologically challenging due to sensitivity to prompt…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2026-01-13 William Guey , Wei Zhang , Pei-Luen Patrick Rau , Pierrick Bougault , Vitor D. de Moura , Bertan Ucar , Jose O. Gomes

The evaluation of Large Language Models (LLMs) faces a critical challenge in construct validity, where fragmented benchmarks and ad hoc metrics frequently conflate method variance, such as prompt sensitivity, with true latent capabilities.…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2026-05-15 Adib Sakhawat , Tahsin Islam , Takia Farhin , Syed Rifat Raiyan , Hasan Mahmud , Md Kamrul Hasan

Large language models (LLMs) enable researchers to analyze text at unprecedented scale and minimal cost. Researchers can now revisit old questions and tackle novel ones with rich data. We provide an econometric framework for realizing this…

Econometrics · Economics 2025-12-08 Jens Ludwig , Sendhil Mullainathan , Ashesh Rambachan
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