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Grid-forming (GFM) inverter-based resources (IBRs) can emulate the external characteristics of synchronous generators (SGs) through appropriate control loop design. However, in systems with GFM IBRs, the apparent impedance trajectory under…
When grid-forming (GFM) inverter-based resources (IBRs) face severe grid disturbances (e.g., short-circuit faults), the current limitation mechanism may be triggered. Consequently, the GFM IBRs enter the current-saturation mode, inducing…
Grid-forming (GFM) inverters can significantly alter the fault characteristics of power systems, which challenges the proper function of protective relays. This paper gives a holistic analysis of the interaction between GFM inverter-based…
Due to the energy crisis and environmental pollution, the installed capacity of inverter-based resources (IBRs) in power grids is rapidly increasing, and grid-following control (GFL) is the most prevalent at present. Meanwhile, grid-forming…
This paper investigates power swing characteristics of grid-forming voltage source converter (GFM-VSC) systems considering the current limitation mode in both non-inertial and inertial GFM-VSC systems. Following grid faults, non-inertial…
During grid faults, grid-forming converters are typically suggested to switch from a voltage-source to a current-source mode to limit the current and protect the electronics. This transition has the potential for the converter to…
This study proposes a control strategy to ensure the safe operation of modern power systems with high penetration of inverter-based resources (IBRs) within an optimal operation framework. The objective is to obtain operating points that…
Future power systems will include high shares of inverter-based generation. There is a general consensus that for allowing this transition, the Grid-Forming (GFM) control approach would be of great value. This article presents a GFM control…
A model predictive control (MPC) method for enhancing post-fault transient stability of a grid-forming (GFM) inverter based resources (IBRs) is developed in this paper. This proposed controller is activated as soon as the converter enters…
Inverter-based resources (IBRs) are a key component in the ongoing modernization of power systems, with grid-forming (GFM) inverters playing a central role. Effective fault current limiting is a major challenge to modernizing power systems…
The fault characteristics of inverter-based resources (IBRs) are different from conventional synchronous generators. The fault response of IBRs is non-linear due to saturation states and mainly determined by fault ride through (FRT)…
This paper proposes a novel control framework designed for Inverter-Based Resources (IBRs), denoted as Generalized Swing Control (GSC). The proposed GSC framework generalizes the definition of Grid-Forming (GFM) control schemes and exploits…
Modern power systems increasingly demand converter-driven generation systems that integrate seamlessly with grid infrastructure. Grid-based converters are particularly advantageous, as they operate in harmony with conventional synchronous…
This paper demonstrates the key features of a control system applicable to inverter-based resources (IBR), which is based on grid-forming technology. Such resources are classified as grid-forming or grid-following converters based on the…
The large-scale integration of inverter-interfaced renewable energy sources presents significant challenges to maintaining power balance and nominal frequency in modern power systems. This paper studies grid-level coordinated control of…
Differing from synchronous generators (SGs), grid-forming inverter-based resources (GFM-IBRs) exhibit rapid variations in their output impedances during transmission line faults due to the overcurrent limitation. As a result, the source…
The increasing penetration of inverter-based resources (IBRs) has fundamentally altered the transient stability characteristics of modern power systems. IBRs typically rely on proportional--integral (PI) controllers for synchronization and…
This paper investigates how grid-forming (GFM) and grid-following (GFL) control strategies in inverter-based resources (IBRs) influence line distance and differential protection in converter-dominated transmission systems. A modified IEEE…
Inverter-based resources (IBRs) are becoming increasingly prevalent in power systems. Due to the inherently low inertia of inverters, there is a heightened risk of disruptive voltage oscillations. A particular challenge in the operation of…
Grid-forming (GFM) converters face significant challenges in limiting current during transient grid events while preserving their grid-forming behavior. This paper offers an elegant solution to the problem with a priori guarantees,…