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This paper investigates the impact of mutual coupling on MIMO systems with densely deployed antennas. Leveraging multiport communication theory, we analyze both coherent and noncoherent detection approaches in a single-user uplink scenario…

Signal Processing · Electrical Eng. & Systems 2026-01-08 Aniol Martí , Luca Sanguinetti , Jaume Riba , Meritxell Lamarca

Covert communication in wireless networks ensures that transmissions remain undetectable to adversaries, making it a potential enabler for privacy and security in sensitive applications. However, to meet the high performance and…

Signal Processing · Electrical Eng. & Systems 2024-11-26 Fatemeh Lotfi , Stefan Roth , Anas Chaaban , Aydin Sezgin

This paper presents a closed-form analysis of spatial correlation and degrees of freedom (DoF) for arched holographic multiple-input multiple-output (HMIMO) arrays, which can be viewed as a special form of fluid antenna systems (FAS) when…

Systems and Control · Electrical Eng. & Systems 2025-09-17 Liuxun Xue , Shu Sun , Hangsong Yan

The recent development of the massive multiple-input multiple-output (MIMO) paradigm, has been extensively based on the pursuit of favorable propagation: in the asymptotic limit, the channel vectors become nearly orthogonal and inter-user…

Information Theory · Computer Science 2015-03-03 Christos Masouros , Michail Matthaiou

Applications towards 6G have brought a huge interest towards arrays with a high number of antennas and operating within the millimeter and sub-THz bandwidths for joint communication and localization. With such large arrays, the plane wave…

Information Theory · Computer Science 2021-11-10 Anna Guerra , Francesco Guidi , Davide Dardari , Petar M. Djuric

Imagine a MIMO communication system that fully exploits the propagation characteristics offered by an electromagnetic channel and ultimately approaches the limits imposed by wireless communications. This is the concept of Holographic MIMO…

Information Theory · Computer Science 2022-10-12 Andrea Pizzo , Luca Sanguinetti , Thomas L. Marzetta

Spatial correlation poses a significant challenge in massive multiple-input multiple-output (MIMO) high-altitude platform station (HAPS) systems. The inherent spatial correlation among antenna elements on the HAPS induces high correlation…

Signal Processing · Electrical Eng. & Systems 2026-04-21 Rozita Shafie , Omid Abbasi , Halim Yanikomeroglu , Mohammad Javad Omidi

Fully digital massive MIMO systems with large numbers (1000+) of antennas offer dramatically increased capacity gains from spatial multiplexing and beamforming. Designing digital receivers that can scale to these array dimensions presents…

Signal Processing · Electrical Eng. & Systems 2026-04-23 Ali Rasteh , Amirreza Kiani , Marco Mezzavilla , Sundeep Rangan

Imagine an array with a massive (possibly uncountably infinite) number of antennas in a compact space. We refer to a system of this sort as Holographic MIMO. Given the impressive properties of Massive MIMO, one might expect a holographic…

Information Theory · Computer Science 2021-11-03 Andrea Pizzo , Thomas L. Marzetta , Luca Sanguinetti

Approximate expressions for the spatial correlation of cylindrical and uniform rectangular arrays (URA) are derived using measured distributions of angles of departure (AOD) for both the azimuth and zenith domains. We examine massive…

Information Theory · Computer Science 2015-03-04 Callum T. Neil , Mansoor Shafi , Peter J. Smith , Pawel A. Dmochowski

This paper investigates the capacity scaling of multicell massive MIMO systems in the presence of spatially correlated fading. In particular, we focus on the strong spatial correlation regimes where the covariance matrix of each user…

Information Theory · Computer Science 2019-12-10 Junyoung Nam , Giuseppe Caire , Merouane Debbah , H. Vincent Poor

We propose a new antenna selection scheme for a massive MIMO system with a single user terminal and a base station with a large number of antennas. We consider a practical scenario where there is a realistic correlation among the antennas…

Information Theory · Computer Science 2015-07-09 De Mi , Mehrdad Dianati , Sami Muhaidat , Yan Chen

Millimeter wave (mmWave) communication in typical wearable and data center settings is short range. As the distance between the transmitter and the receiver in short range scenarios can be comparable to the length of the antenna arrays, the…

Signal Processing · Electrical Eng. & Systems 2019-07-12 Nitin Jonathan Myers , Jarkko Kaleva , Antti Tölli , Robert W. Heath

Extremely large-scale multiple-input multiple-output (XL-MIMO) is the development trend of future wireless communications. However, the extremely large-scale antenna array could bring inevitable nearfield and dual-wideband effects that…

Information Theory · Computer Science 2024-09-13 Jie Xu , Li You , George C. Alexandropoulos , Xinping Yi , Wenjin Wang , Xiqi Gao

The use of large-scale antenna arrays can bring substantial improvements in energy and/or spectral efficiency to wireless systems due to the greatly improved spatial resolution and array gain. Recent works in the field of massive…

Information Theory · Computer Science 2014-12-10 Emil Björnson , Jakob Hoydis , Marios Kountouris , Mérouane Debbah

In practical mobile communication engineering applications, surfaces of antenna array deployment regions are usually uneven. Therefore, massive multi-input-multi-output (MIMO) communication systems usually transmit wireless signals by…

Information Theory · Computer Science 2016-04-19 Xiaohu Ge , Ran Zi , Haichao Wang , Jing Zhang , Minho Jo

The distortion from massive MIMO (multiple-input--multiple-output) base stations with nonlinear amplifiers is studied and its radiation pattern is derived. The distortion is analyzed both in-band and out-of-band. By using an orthogonal…

Information Theory · Computer Science 2018-05-04 Christopher Mollén , Ulf Gustavsson , Thomas Eriksson , Erik G. Larsson

A relentless trend in wireless communications is the hunger for bandwidth, and fresh bandwidth is only to be found at ever-higher frequencies. While 5G systems are seizing the mmWave band, the attention of researchers is shifting already to…

Signal Processing · Electrical Eng. & Systems 2020-08-05 Heedong Do , Sungmin Cho , Jeonghun Park , Ho-Jin Song , Namyoon Lee , Angel Lozano

The number of users that can be spatially multiplexed by a wireless access point depends on the aperture of its antenna array. When the aperture increases and wavelength shrinks, "new" electromagnetic phenomena can be utilized to further…

Information Theory · Computer Science 2022-09-08 Parisa Ramezani , Emil Björnson

Extremely large-scale arrays (XL-arrays) have emerged as a promising technology to achieve super-high spectral efficiency and spatial resolution in future wireless systems. The large aperture of XL-arrays means that spherical rather than…

Signal Processing · Electrical Eng. & Systems 2023-06-29 Changsheng You , Yunpu Zhang , Chenyu Wu , Yong Zeng , Beixiong Zheng , Li Chen , Linglong Dai , A. Lee Swindlehurst