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We present an introductory review of the early time dynamics of high-energy heavy-ion collisions and the kinetics of high temperature QCD. The equilibration mechanisms in the quark-gluon plasma uniquely reflect the non-abelian and…
The Bose-Einstein correlations of photons emitted {}from a longitudinally expanding system of excited matter produced in ultrarelativistic heavy ion collision are studied. Two effects found in recent calculations -- that the correlation…
The quark gluon plasma (QGP) is one of the most interesting forms of matter providing us with insight on quantum chromodynamics (QCD) and the early universe. It is believed that the heavy-ion collision experiments at the Relativistic Heavy…
In quantum interferometry, it is vital to control and utilize nonlinear interactions for achieving high-precision measurements. Attribute to their long coherent time and high controllability, ultracold atoms including Bose condensed atoms…
The Relativistic Heavy Ion Collider (RHIC) was built to re-create and study in the laboratory the extremely hot and dense matter that filled our entire universe during its first few microseconds. Its operation since June 2000 has been…
We obtain possibly valuable information about the phase diagram of rather dense composite particles at high fermion as well as boson number density but low temperature, which is not accessible to relativistic heavy ion collision…
We study the influence of electron-electron interactions on the electronic properties of disordered materials. In particular, we consider the insulating side of a metal-insulator transition where screening breaks down and the…
Strongly correlated quantum fluids are phases of matter that are intrinsically quantum mechanical, and that do not have a simple description in terms of weakly interacting quasi-particles. Two systems that have recently attracted a great…
Collisions between heavy atomic nuclei at ultra-relativistic energies are carried out at particle colliders to produce the quark-gluon plasma, a state of matter where quarks and gluons are not confined into hadrons, and colour degrees of…
In high-energy heavy-ion collisions, the initial condition of the produced quark-gluon plasma (QGP) and its evolution are sensitive to collective nuclear structure parameters describing the shape and radial profiles of the nuclei. We find a…
In heavy-ion collisions at the LHC a hot and dense medium of deconfided partons, the Quark-Gluon Plasma (QGP), is created. Its global properties can be characterized by the measurements of particles in the low transverse momentum (or…
Heavy-ion collisions at very high colliding energies are expected to produce a quark-gluon plasma (QGP) at the highest temperature obtainable in a laboratory setting. Experimental studies of these reactions can provide an unprecedented…
The first experimental information on the strong interaction between $\Lambda$ and $\Xi^-$ strange baryons is presented in this Letter. The correlation function of $\Lambda-\Xi^-$ and $\overline{\Lambda}-\overline{\Xi}^{+}$ pairs produced…
Measurements of momentum space correlations in heavy ion reactions are a unique tools to investigate the properties of the created medium. However, these analyses require the careful handling of the final state interactions such as the…
In high energy collision experiments with multiple hadron productions, the momentum distribution of the measured hadron pair shows a correlation due to the final state hadron interactions and the quantum statistics. In the past, this…
The quantum world distinguishes itself from the classical world by being governed by probability amplitudes rather than probabilities. On a single-particle level, quantum phases can be manipulated leading to observable interference patterns…
The exploration of the strong-interaction matter under extreme conditions is one of the main goals of relativistic heavy-ion collisions. We provide some of the main results on the novel properties of quark-gluon plasma, with particular…
I present a brief overview of the wealth of femtoscopic measurements from the past two decades of heavy ion experiments. Essentially every conceivable knob at our disposal has been turned; the response of two-particle correlations to these…
The quark gluon plasma produced in ultra-relativistic heavy-ion collisions exhibits remarkable features. It behaves like a nearly perfect liquid with a small shear viscosity to entropy density ratio and leads to the quenching of highly…
While the existence of a strongly interacting state of matter, known as 'quark-gluon plasma' (QGP), has been established in heavy ion collision experiments in the past decade, the task remains to map out the transition from the hadronic…