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Diffusion Transformers (DiTs) achieve remarkable performance within image generation via the transformer architecture. Conventionally, DiTs are constructed by stacking serial isotropic global modeling transformers, which face significant…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2025-08-15 Jiafu Wu , Yabiao Wang , Jian Li , Jinlong Peng , Yun Cao , Chengjie Wang , Jiangning Zhang

This paper proposes a method for assessing differential item functioning (DIF) in item response theory (IRT) models. The method does not require pre-specification of anchor items, which is its main virtue. It is developed in two main steps,…

Methodology · Statistics 2025-01-08 Peter F. Halpin

Natural languages are believed to be (mildly) context-sensitive. Despite underpinning remarkably capable large language models, transformers are unable to model many context-free language tasks. In an attempt to address this limitation in…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2024-05-15 Jiaoda Li , Jennifer C. White , Mrinmaya Sachan , Ryan Cotterell

Transformer-based models have recently shown success in representation learning on graph-structured data beyond natural language processing and computer vision. However, the success is limited to small-scale graphs due to the drawbacks of…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2022-10-05 Jinyoung Park , Seongjun Yun , Hyeonjin Park , Jaewoo Kang , Jisu Jeong , Kyung-Min Kim , Jung-woo Ha , Hyunwoo J. Kim

The quadratic complexity of self-attention in Transformers has hindered the processing of long text. To alleviate this problem, previous works have proposed to sparsify the attention matrix, taking advantage of the observation that crucial…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2024-01-12 Ziwei He , Jian Yuan , Le Zhou , Jingwen Leng , Bo Jiang

Drivers' visual attention provides critical cues for anticipating latent hazards and directly shapes decision-making and control maneuvers, where its absence can compromise traffic safety. To emulate drivers' perception patterns and advance…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2026-04-08 Weimin Liu , Qingkun Li , Jiyuan Qiu , Wenjun Wang , Joshua H. Meng

Diffusion Transformer (DiT), an emerging diffusion model for image generation, has demonstrated superior performance but suffers from substantial computational costs. Our investigations reveal that these costs stem from the static inference…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2024-10-10 Wangbo Zhao , Yizeng Han , Jiasheng Tang , Kai Wang , Yibing Song , Gao Huang , Fan Wang , Yang You

Deep imitation learning is promising for solving dexterous manipulation tasks because it does not require an environment model and pre-programmed robot behavior. However, its application to dual-arm manipulation tasks remains challenging.…

Robotics · Computer Science 2025-05-23 Heecheol Kim , Yoshiyuki Ohmura , Yasuo Kuniyoshi

We propose DiffCLIP, a novel vision-language model that extends the differential attention mechanism to CLIP architectures. Differential attention was originally developed for large language models to amplify relevant context while…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2025-03-11 Hasan Abed Al Kader Hammoud , Bernard Ghanem

Diffusion Transformers (DiT) have become a leading architecture in image generation. However, the quadratic complexity of attention mechanisms, which are responsible for modeling token-wise relationships, results in significant latency when…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2024-12-23 Songhua Liu , Zhenxiong Tan , Xinchao Wang

Recent deblurring networks have effectively restored clear images from the blurred ones. However, they often struggle with generalization to unknown domains. Moreover, these models typically focus on distortion metrics such as PSNR and…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2025-01-16 Hanzhou Liu , Binghan Li , Chengkai Liu , Mi Lu

Diffusion Transformers rely on static patchify tokenization, assigning the same token budget to smooth backgrounds, detailed object regions, noisy early timesteps, and late-stage refinements. We introduce the Dynamic Chunking Diffusion…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2026-05-08 Akash Haridas , Utkarsh Saxena , Parsa Ashrafi Fashi , Mehdi Rezagholizadeh , Vikram Appia , Emad Barsoum

Many machine learning tasks such as multiple instance learning, 3D shape recognition, and few-shot image classification are defined on sets of instances. Since solutions to such problems do not depend on the order of elements of the set,…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2019-05-28 Juho Lee , Yoonho Lee , Jungtaek Kim , Adam R. Kosiorek , Seungjin Choi , Yee Whye Teh

Transformers are quickly becoming one of the most heavily applied deep learning architectures across modalities, domains, and tasks. In vision, on top of ongoing efforts into plain transformers, hierarchical transformers have also gained…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2023-01-18 Ali Hassani , Humphrey Shi

Recently, Transformers have shown promising performance in various vision tasks. To reduce the quadratic computation complexity caused by each query attending to all keys/values, various methods have constrained the range of attention…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2022-05-30 Kai Liu , Tianyi Wu , Cong Liu , Guodong Guo

Recurrent Neural Networks were, until recently, one of the best ways to capture the timely dependencies in sequences. However, with the introduction of the Transformer, it has been proven that an architecture with only attention-mechanisms…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2021-08-19 Radostin Cholakov , Todor Kolev

Recent advancements in object detection rely on modular architectures with multi-scale fusion and attention mechanisms. However, static fusion heuristics and class-agnostic attention limit performance in dynamic scenes with occlusions,…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2025-08-06 Md Abrar Jahin , Shahriar Soudeep , M. F. Mridha , Nafiz Fahad , Md. Jakir Hossen

Attention-based models such as transformers have shown outstanding performance on dense prediction tasks, such as semantic segmentation, owing to their capability of capturing long-range dependency in an image. However, the benefit of…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2022-07-13 Ashutosh Agarwal , Chetan Arora

Curriculum learning begins to thrive in the speech enhancement area, which decouples the original spectrum estimation task into multiple easier sub-tasks to achieve better performance. Motivated by that, we propose a dual-branch…

Sound · Computer Science 2022-02-15 Guochen Yu , Andong Li , Chengshi Zheng , Yinuo Guo , Yutian Wang , Hui Wang

We introduce a novel Dual Input Stream Transformer (DIST) for the challenging problem of assigning fixation points from eye-tracking data collected during passage reading to the line of text that the reader was actually focused on. This…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2024-10-28 Thomas M. Mercier , Marcin Budka , Martin R. Vasilev , Julie A. Kirkby , Bernhard Angele , Timothy J. Slattery