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We present a consistent formulation of quantum game theory that accommodates all possible strategies in Hilbert space. The physical content of the quantum strategy is revealed as a family of classical games representing altruistic game play…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2009-11-13 Taksu Cheon

We investigate quantum strategy in moving frames by considering Prisoner's Dilemma and propose four thresholds of $\gamma$ for two players to determine their \textit{Nash Equilibria}. Specially, an interesting phenomenon appears in…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2009-11-13 Jian-Chuan Tan , An Min Wang

We initiate the study of quantum races, games where two or more quantum computers compete to solve a computational problem. While the problem of dueling algorithms has been studied for classical deterministic algorithms, the quantum case…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2018-09-28 Troy Lee , Maharshi Ray , Miklos Santha

We present the quantum model of Bertrand duopoly and study the entanglement behavior on the profit functions of the firms. Using the concept of optimal response of each firm to the price of the opponent, we found only one Nash equilibirum…

General Finance · Quantitative Finance 2012-02-13 Salman Khan , M. Ramzan , M. K. Khan

Quantitative trading is an integral part of financial markets with high calculation speed requirements, while no quantum algorithms have been introduced into this field yet. We propose quantum algorithms for high-frequency statistical…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2022-08-24 Xi-Ning Zhuang , Zhao-Yun Chen , Yu-Chun Wu , Guo-Ping Guo

Quantum computing promises the ability to compute properties of quantum systems exponentially faster than classical computers. Quantum advantage is achieved when a practical problem is solved more efficiently on a quantum computer than on a…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2025-12-03 William A. Simon , Peter J. Love

Energy cost is increasingly crucial in the modern computing industry with the wide deployment of large-scale machine learning models and language models. For the firms that provide computing services, low energy consumption is important…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2023-08-17 Junyu Liu , Hansheng Jiang , Zuo-Jun Max Shen

As quantum computing approaches the threshold where certain tasks demonstrably outpace their classical machines, the need for a precise, clear, consensus-driven definition of quantum advantage becomes essential. Rapid progress in the field…

A quantum algorithm for an oracle problem can be understood as a quantum strategy for a player in a two-player zero-sum game in which the other player is constrained to play classically. I formalize this correspondence and give examples of…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2007-05-23 David A. Meyer

Repeated quantum game theory addresses long term relations among players who choose quantum strategies. In the conventional quantum game theory, single round quantum games or at most finitely repeated games have been widely studied, however…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2023-12-12 Kazuki Ikeda , Shoto Aoki

We pursue a general theory of quantum games. We show that quantum games are more efficient than classical games, and provide a saturated upper bound for this efficiency. We demonstrate that the set of finite classical games is a strict…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2008-09-19 Chiu Fan Lee , Neil Johnson

The theory of quantum games permits players to choose strategies that prepare and measure quantum states. Whereas conventional game theory provides guarantees for fixed-point stability in non-cooperative games, so-called Nash equilibria, we…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2017-12-13 Faisal Shah Khan , Travis S. Humble

Quantum computers take advantage of interfering quantum alternatives in order to handle problems that might be too time consuming with algorithms based on classical logic. Developing quantum computers requires new ways of thinking beyond…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2014-09-10 W. C. Parke

A game-theoretic setting provides a mathematical basis for analysis of strategic interaction among competing agents and provides insights into both classical and quantum decision theory and questions of strategic choice. An outstanding…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2018-07-24 Azhar Iqbal , James M. Chappell , Derek Abbott

In this paper we review our earlier work on quantum computing and the Nash Equilibrium, in particular, tracing the history of the discovery of new Nash Equilibria and then reviewing the ways in which quantum computing may be expected to…

General Finance · Quantitative Finance 2015-05-13 Philip V. Fellman , Jonathan Vos Post

Correlated equilibria are sometimes more efficient than the Nash equilibria of a game without signals. We investigate whether the availability of quantum signals in the context of a classical strategic game may allow the players to achieve…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2024-01-18 Pierfrancesco La Mura

This essay gives a self-contained introduction to quantum game theory, and is primarily oriented to economists with little or no acquaintance with quantum mechanics. It assumes little more than a basic knowledge of vector algebra. Quantum…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2007-05-23 J. Orlin Grabbe

Quantum computers are on the verge of becoming a commercially available reality. They represent a paradigm shift in computing, with a steep learning gradient. The creation of games is a way to ease the transition for beginners. We present a…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2020-05-19 Franz G. Fuchs , Vemund Falch , Christian Johnsen

With respect to probabilistic mixtures of the strategies in non-cooperative games, quantum game theory provides guarantee of fixed-point stability, the so-called Nash equilibrium. This permits players to choose mixed quantum strategies that…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2019-02-01 Faisal Shah Khan , Travis S. Humble

Understanding the role that quantum entanglement plays as a resource in various information processing tasks is one of the crucial goals of quantum information theory. Here we propose a new perspective for studying quantum entanglement:…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2015-09-23 L. Czekaj , M. Pawlowski , T. Vertesi , A. Grudka , M. Horodecki , R. Horodecki
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