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Vision-Language Models (VLMs) are becoming increasingly powerful, demonstrating strong performance on a variety of tasks that require both visual and textual understanding. Their strong generalisation abilities make them a promising…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2025-12-11 Nikos Theodoridis , Tim Brophy , Reenu Mohandas , Ganesh Sistu , Fiachra Collins , Anthony Scanlan , Ciaran Eising

The rapid growth of ego-centric dashcam footage presents a major challenge for detecting safety-critical events such as collisions and near-collisions, scenarios that are brief, rare, and difficult for generic vision models to capture.…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2026-05-19 Mohammad Qazim Bhat , Yufan Huang , Niket Agarwal , Hao Wang , Michael Woods , John Kenyon , Tsung-Yi Lin , Xiaodong Yang , Ming-Yu Liu , Kevin Xie

The safety and reliability of Automated Driving Systems (ADSs) must be validated prior to large-scale deployment. Among existing validation approaches, scenario-based testing has been regarded as a promising method to improve testing…

Software Engineering · Computer Science 2026-01-05 Yongqi Zhao , Ji Zhou , Dong Bi , Tomislav Mihalj , Jia Hu , Arno Eichberger

Large language models (LLMs) have demonstrated immense capabilities in understanding textual data and are increasingly being adopted to help researchers accelerate scientific discovery through knowledge extraction (information retrieval),…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2025-05-30 Robinson Umeike , Neil Getty , Fangfang Xia , Rick Stevens

In this era of technological advancements, several cutting-edge techniques are being implemented to enhance Autonomous Driving (AD) systems, focusing on improving safety, efficiency, and adaptability in complex driving environments.…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2025-02-27 Md Robiul Islam

Integrating large language models (LLMs) into embodied AI models is becoming increasingly prevalent. However, existing zero-shot LLM-based Vision-and-Language Navigation (VLN) agents either encode images as textual scene descriptions,…

Artificial Intelligence · Computer Science 2025-09-30 Yue Zhang , Tianyi Ma , Zun Wang , Yanyuan Qiao , Parisa Kordjamshidi

Recent advances in metric, semantic, and topological mapping have equipped autonomous robots with semantic concept grounding capabilities to interpret natural language tasks. This work aims to leverage these new capabilities with an…

Autonomous Vehicle (AV) requires rigorous testing in safety-critical scenarios for safety validation, yet its validation is hindered by the high cost of field testing and the lack of fidelity in current simulations for rare safety-critical…

Robotics · Computer Science 2026-05-19 Hongyi Zhao , Shuo Wang , Qijie He , Ziyuan Pu

Deep learning architectures with powerful reasoning capabilities have driven significant advancements in autonomous driving technology. Large language models (LLMs) applied in this field can describe driving scenes and behaviors with a…

Artificial Intelligence · Computer Science 2024-10-01 Yizhou Huang , Yihua Cheng , Kezhi Wang

The advent of large (visual) language models (LLM / LVLM) have led to a deluge of automated human-like systems in several domains including social media content generation, search and recommendation, healthcare prognosis, AI assistants for…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2025-08-28 Sauptik Dhar , Nicholas Buoncristiani , Joe Anakata , Haoyu Zhang , Michelle Munson

Context-aware emotion recognition (CAER) is a complex and significant task that requires perceiving emotions from various contextual cues. Previous approaches primarily focus on designing sophisticated architectures to extract emotional…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2024-07-17 Yuxuan Lei , Dingkang Yang , Zhaoyu Chen , Jiawei Chen , Peng Zhai , Lihua Zhang

Dynamic scenes contain intricate spatio-temporal information, crucial for mobile robots, UAVs, and autonomous driving systems to make informed decisions. Parsing these scenes into semantic triplets <Subject-Predicate-Object> for accurate…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2025-05-08 Hang Zhang , Zhuoling Li , Jun Liu

Existing learning-based autonomous driving (AD) systems face challenges in comprehending high-level information, generalizing to rare events, and providing interpretability. To address these problems, this work employs Large Language Models…

Robotics · Computer Science 2025-04-16 Hao Sha , Yao Mu , Yuxuan Jiang , Li Chen , Chenfeng Xu , Ping Luo , Shengbo Eben Li , Masayoshi Tomizuka , Wei Zhan , Mingyu Ding

We introduce a novel sequential modeling approach which enables learning a Large Vision Model (LVM) without making use of any linguistic data. To do this, we define a common format, "visual sentences", in which we can represent raw images…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2023-12-04 Yutong Bai , Xinyang Geng , Karttikeya Mangalam , Amir Bar , Alan Yuille , Trevor Darrell , Jitendra Malik , Alexei A Efros

The advent of Large Language Models (LLM) provides new insights to validate Automated Driving Systems (ADS). In the herein-introduced work, a novel approach to extracting scenarios from naturalistic driving datasets is presented. A…

Robotics · Computer Science 2024-07-19 Yongqi Zhao , Wenbo Xiao , Tomislav Mihalj , Jia Hu , Arno Eichberger

Vision-language models (VLMs) have emerged as powerful tools for enabling automated traffic analysis; however, current approaches often demand substantial computational resources and struggle with fine-grained spatio-temporal understanding.…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2025-08-20 Tinh-Anh Nguyen-Nhu , Triet Dao Hoang Minh , Dat To-Thanh , Phuc Le-Gia , Tuan Vo-Lan , Tien-Huy Nguyen

Large visual language models (LVLMs) have demonstrated impressive performance in coarse-grained geo-localization at the country or city level, but they struggle with fine-grained street-level localization within urban areas. In this paper,…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2025-08-15 Shixiong Xu , Chenghao Zhang , Lubin Fan , Yuan Zhou , Bin Fan , Shiming Xiang , Gaofeng Meng , Jieping Ye

Safely navigating street intersections is a complex challenge for blind and low-vision individuals, as it requires a nuanced understanding of the surrounding context - a task heavily reliant on visual cues. Traditional methods for assisting…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2024-07-09 Hochul Hwang , Sunjae Kwon , Yekyung Kim , Donghyun Kim

Large Language Models (LLMs) have shown remarkable effectiveness in various general-domain natural language processing (NLP) tasks. However, their performance in transportation safety domain tasks has been suboptimal, primarily attributed…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2023-07-31 Ou Zheng , Mohamed Abdel-Aty , Dongdong Wang , Chenzhu Wang , Shengxuan Ding

Human drivers possess spatial and causal intelligence, enabling them to perceive driving scenarios, anticipate hazards, and react to dynamic environments. In contrast, autonomous vehicles lack these abilities, making it challenging to…

Robotics · Computer Science 2025-09-12 Shucheng Huang , Freda Shi , Chen Sun , Jiaming Zhong , Minghao Ning , Yufeng Yang , Yukun Lu , Hong Wang , Amir Khajepour