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Diffusion-based purification (DBP) has become a cornerstone defense against adversarial examples (AEs), regarded as robust due to its use of diffusion models (DMs) that project AEs onto the natural data manifold. We refute this core claim,…

Cryptography and Security · Computer Science 2026-02-11 Andre Kassis , Urs Hengartner , Yaoliang Yu

In this paper, we study resilient distributed diffusion for multi-task estimation in the presence of adversaries where networked agents must estimate distinct but correlated states of interest by processing streaming data. We show that in…

Multiagent Systems · Computer Science 2020-03-25 Jiani Li , Waseem Abbas , Xenofon Koutsoukos

Discriminative classifiers have become a foundational tool in deep learning for medical imaging, excelling at learning separable features of complex data distributions. However, these models often need careful design, augmentation, and…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2025-08-11 Gian Mario Favero , Parham Saremi , Emily Kaczmarek , Brennan Nichyporuk , Tal Arbel

The recent wave of large-scale text-to-image diffusion models has dramatically increased our text-based image generation abilities. These models can generate realistic images for a staggering variety of prompts and exhibit impressive…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2023-09-14 Alexander C. Li , Mihir Prabhudesai , Shivam Duggal , Ellis Brown , Deepak Pathak

Preference alignment in diffusion models has primarily focused on benign human preferences (e.g., aesthetic). In this paper, we propose a novel perspective: framing unrestricted adversarial example generation as a problem of aligning with…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2025-06-03 Kaixun Jiang , Zhaoyu Chen , Haijing Guo , Jinglun Li , Jiyuan Fu , Pinxue Guo , Hao Tang , Bo Li , Wenqiang Zhang

Transfer learning is a widely-used paradigm in deep learning, where models pre-trained on standard datasets can be efficiently adapted to downstream tasks. Typically, better pre-trained models yield better transfer results, suggesting that…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2020-12-09 Hadi Salman , Andrew Ilyas , Logan Engstrom , Ashish Kapoor , Aleksander Madry

Diffusion models are generative models that have shown significant advantages compared to other generative models in terms of higher generation quality and more stable training. However, the computational need for training diffusion models…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2023-07-06 Gulcin Baykal , Halil Faruk Karagoz , Taha Binhuraib , Gozde Unal

This work presents an information-theoretic examination of diffusion-based purification methods, the state-of-the-art adversarial defenses that utilize diffusion models to remove malicious perturbations in adversarial examples. By…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2024-09-13 Geigh Zollicoffer , Minh Vu , Ben Nebgen , Juan Castorena , Boian Alexandrov , Manish Bhattarai

Diffusion models have recently gained significant attention in both academia and industry due to their impressive generative performance in terms of both sampling quality and distribution coverage. Accordingly, proposals are made for…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2024-09-20 Xinjian Luo , Yangfan Jiang , Fei Wei , Yuncheng Wu , Xiaokui Xiao , Beng Chin Ooi

While foundation models demonstrate impressive performance across various tasks, they remain vulnerable to adversarial inputs. Current research explores various approaches to enhance model robustness, with Diffusion Denoised Smoothing…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2025-05-22 Yury Belousov , Brian Pulfer , Vitaliy Kinakh , Slava Voloshynovskiy

In recent years, deep neural network approaches have been widely adopted for machine learning tasks, including classification. However, they were shown to be vulnerable to adversarial perturbations: carefully crafted small perturbations can…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2018-05-21 Pouya Samangouei , Maya Kabkab , Rama Chellappa

Due to their powerful image generation capabilities, diffusion-based adversarial example generation methods through image editing are rapidly gaining popularity. However, due to reliance on the discriminative capability of the diffusion…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2025-07-01 Gaozheng Pei , Ke Ma , Dongpeng Zhang , Chengzhi Sun , Qianqian Xu , Qingming Huang

Adversarial attack methods for 3D point cloud classification reveal the vulnerabilities of point cloud recognition models. This vulnerability could lead to safety risks in critical applications that use deep learning models, such as…

Cryptography and Security · Computer Science 2025-07-30 Ruiyang Zhao , Bingbing Zhu , Chuxuan Tong , Xiaoyi Zhou , Xi Zheng

Recently, detecting AI-generated images produced by diffusion-based models has attracted increasing attention due to their potential threat to safety. Among existing approaches, reconstruction-based methods have emerged as a prominent…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2026-04-15 Haoyang Jiang , Mingyang Yi , Shaolei Zhang , Junxian Cai , Qingbin Liu , Xi Chen , Ju Fan

While many defences against adversarial examples have been proposed, finding robust machine learning models is still an open problem. The most compelling defence to date is adversarial training and consists of complementing the training…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2021-05-27 Alex Serban , Erik Poll , Joost Visser

Deep learning classifiers are susceptible to well-crafted, imperceptible variations of their inputs, known as adversarial attacks. In this regard, the study of powerful attack models sheds light on the sources of vulnerability in these…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2020-10-26 Hadi M. Dolatabadi , Sarah Erfani , Christopher Leckie

The predominant success of diffusion models in generative modeling has spurred significant interest in understanding their theoretical foundations. In this work, we propose a feature learning framework aimed at analyzing and comparing the…

Machine Learning · Statistics 2025-03-04 Andi Han , Wei Huang , Yuan Cao , Difan Zou

Adversarial purification using generative models demonstrates strong adversarial defense performance. These methods are classifier and attack-agnostic, making them versatile but often computationally intensive. Recent strides in diffusion…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2026-04-10 Himanshu Singh , A V Subramanyam

Adversarial examples contain carefully crafted perturbations that can fool deep neural networks (DNNs) into making wrong predictions. Enhancing the adversarial robustness of DNNs has gained considerable interest in recent years. Although…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2021-07-27 Shao-Yuan Lo , Vishal M. Patel

Multimodal Large Language Models (MLLMs) have achieved remarkable success in tasks such as image captioning, visual question answering, and cross-modal reasoning by integrating visual and textual modalities. However, their multimodal nature…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2025-10-14 Fengling Zhu , Boshi Liu , Jingyu Hua , Sheng Zhong
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