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Dealing with uncertainty in optimization parameters is an important and longstanding challenge. Typically, uncertain parameters are predicted accurately, and then a deterministic optimization problem is solved. However, the decisions…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2025-08-11 Víctor Bucarey , Sophia Calderón , Gonzalo Muñoz , Frederic Semet

Automated hyperparameter search in machine learning, especially for deep learning models, is typically formulated as a bilevel optimization problem, with hyperparameter values determined by the upper level and the model learning achieved by…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2024-12-06 Meltem Apaydin Ustun , Liang Xu , Bo Zeng , Xiaoning Qian

Single-objective bilevel optimization is a specialized form of constraint optimization problems where one of the constraints is an optimization problem itself. These problems are typically non-convex and strongly NP-Hard. Recently, there…

Neural and Evolutionary Computing · Computer Science 2024-02-13 Anuraganand Sharma

In this work, we propose different formulations and gradient-based algorithms for deterministic and stochastic bilevel problems with conflicting objectives in the lower level. Such problems have received little attention in the…

Optimization and Control · Mathematics 2023-11-08 Tommaso Giovannelli , Griffin Dean Kent , Luis Nunes Vicente

Bilevel programming is one of the very active areas of research with many real-life applications in economics and engineering. Bilevel problems are hierarchical problems consisting of lower-level and upper-level problems, respectively. The…

Optimization and Control · Mathematics 2025-10-24 Kuntal Som , Thirumulanathan D , Joydeep Dutta

This chapter presents a self-contained approach of variational analysis and generalized differentiation to deriving necessary optimality in problems of bilevel optimization with Lipschitzian data. We mainly concentrate on optimistic models,…

Optimization and Control · Mathematics 2019-07-16 Boris S. Mordukhovich

We study a pessimistic stochastic bilevel program in the context of sequential two-player games, where the leader makes a binary here-and-now decision, and the follower responds a continuous wait-and-see decision after observing the…

Optimization and Control · Mathematics 2022-06-09 Akshit Goyal , Yiling Zhang , Chuan He

Creating impact in real-world settings requires artificial intelligence techniques to span the full pipeline from data, to predictive models, to decisions. These components are typically approached separately: a machine learning model is…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2018-11-22 Bryan Wilder , Bistra Dilkina , Milind Tambe

Data rebalancing techniques, including oversampling and undersampling, are a common approach to addressing the challenges of imbalanced data. To tackle unresolved problems related to both oversampling and undersampling, we propose a new…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2025-07-11 Karen Medlin , Sven Leyffer , Krishnan Raghavan

We study a class of bilevel optimization problems in which both the upper- and lower-level problems have minimax structures. This setting captures a broad range of emerging applications. Despite the extensive literature on bilevel…

Optimization and Control · Mathematics 2026-05-11 Yiyang Shen , Yutian He , Weiran Wang , Qihang Lin

We consider pessimistic bilevel stochastic programs in which the follower maximizes over a fixed compact convex set a strictly convex quadratic function, whose Hessian depends on the leader's decision. The resulting random variable is…

Optimization and Control · Mathematics 2021-11-30 Johanna Burtscheidt , Matthias Claus , Sergio Conti , Martin Rumpf , Josua Sassen , Rüdiger Schultz

The literature on pessimistic linear bilevel optimization with coupling constraints is rather scarce and it has been common sense that these problems are harder to tackle than pessimistic bilevel problems without coupling constraints. In…

Optimization and Control · Mathematics 2026-05-08 Dorothee Henke , Henri Lefebvre , Martin Schmidt , Johannes Thürauf

Multi-objective optimisation is regarded as one of the most promising ways for dealing with constrained optimisation problems in evolutionary optimisation. This paper presents a theoretical investigation of a multi-objective optimisation…

Neural and Evolutionary Computing · Computer Science 2015-02-13 Jun He , Yong Wang , Yuren Zhou

Bilevel optimization, a hierarchical mathematical framework where one optimization problem is nested within another, has emerged as a powerful tool for modeling complex decision-making processes in various fields such as economics,…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2024-12-25 Omer Ekmekcioglu , Nursen Aydin , Juergen Branke

When the lower-level optimal solution set-valued mapping of a bilevel optimization problem is not single-valued, we are faced with an ill-posed problem, which gives rise to the optimistic and pessimistic bilevel optimization problems, as…

Optimization and Control · Mathematics 2024-08-13 Imane Benchouk , Khadra Nachi , Alain Zemkoho

Bilevel optimization problems are a class of challenging optimization problems, which contain two levels of optimization tasks. In these problems, the optimal solutions to the lower level problem become possible feasible candidates to the…

Neural and Evolutionary Computing · Computer Science 2013-10-08 Ankur Sinha , Pekka Malo , Kalyanmoy Deb

The "0-1 knapsack problem" stands as a classical combinatorial optimization conundrum, necessitating the selection of a subset of items from a given set. Each item possesses inherent values and weights, and the primary objective is to…

Neural and Evolutionary Computing · Computer Science 2024-02-20 Mohammad Saleh Vahdatpour

A bilevel optimization problem consists of two optimization problems nested as an upper- and a lower-level problem, in which the optimality of the lower-level problem defines a constraint for the upper-level problem. This paper considers…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2026-02-27 Takuya Kanayama , Yuki Ito , Tomoyuki Tamura , Masayuki Karasuyama

We propose a method for finding approximate solutions to multiple-choice knapsack problems. To this aim we transform the multiple-choice knapsack problem into a bi-objective optimization problem whose solution set contains solutions of the…

Optimization and Control · Mathematics 2017-12-20 Ewa M. Bednarczuk , Janusz Miroforidis , Przemysław Pyzel

We propose a new methodology for parameterized constrained robust optimization, an important class of optimization problems under uncertainty, based on learning with a self-supervised penalty-based loss function. Whereas supervised learning…

Optimization and Control · Mathematics 2025-03-10 Wyame Benslimane , Paul Grigas
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