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Quantum variational algorithms are one of the most promising applications of near-term quantum computers; however, recent studies have demonstrated that unless the variational quantum circuits are configured in a problem-specific manner,…

We propose a modification of the Variational Quantum Eigensolver algorithm for electronic structure optimization using quantum computers, named non-unitary Variational Quantum Eigensolver (nu-VQE), in which a non-unitary operator is…

The variational quantum eigensolver (VQE) is an algorithm for finding the ground states of a given Hamiltonian. Its application to binary-formulated combinatorial optimization (CO) has been widely studied in recent years. However, typical…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2025-08-08 Ningyi Xie , Xinwei Lee , Tiejin Chen , Yoshiyuki Saito , Nobuyoshi Asai , Dongsheng Cai

Quantum cooling, a deterministic process that drives any state to the lowest eigenstate, has been widely used from studying ground state properties of chemistry and condensed matter quantum physics, to general optimization problems.…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2022-06-06 Pei Zeng , Jinzhao Sun , Xiao Yuan

Combinatorial optimization is a promising application for near-term quantum computers, however, identifying performant algorithms suited to noisy quantum hardware remains as an important goal to potentially realizing quantum computational…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2025-04-01 Titus D. Morris , Ananth Kaushik , Martin Roetteler , Phillip C. Lotshaw

Quantum optimization algorithms offer a promising route to finding the ground states of target Hamiltonians on near-term quantum devices. None the less, it remains necessary to limit the evolution time and circuit depth as much as possible,…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2022-11-01 Chenfeng Cao , Yunlong Yu , Zipeng Wu , Nic Shannon , Bei Zeng , Robert Joynt

Quantum computing is an emerging topic in engineering that promises to enhance supercomputing using fundamental physics. In the near term, the best candidate algorithms for achieving this advantage are variational quantum algorithms (VQAs).…

Near-term quantum computers will be limited in the number of qubits on which they can process information as well as the depth of the circuits that they can coherently carry out. To-date, experimental demonstrations of algorithms such as…

Chemical Physics · Physics 2023-10-18 Joel Bierman , Yingzhou Li , Jianfeng Lu

We propose a divide-and-conquer method for the quantum-classical hybrid algorithm to solve larger problems with small-scale quantum computers. Specifically, we concatenate a variational quantum eigensolver (VQE) with a reduction in the…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2022-01-26 Keisuke Fujii , Kaoru Mizuta , Hiroshi Ueda , Kosuke Mitarai , Wataru Mizukami , Yuya O. Nakagawa

The Variational Quantum Eigensolver (VQE) is a promising quantum algorithm for applications in chemistry within the Noisy Intermediate-Scale Quantum (NISQ) era. The ability for a quantum computer to simulate electronic structures with high…

The study of spontaneous supersymmetry breaking (SSB) on the lattice is obstructed by a severe sign problem. Quantum computing provides a promising alternative approach. In particular, properties of supersymmetry relate SSB to the…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2026-03-20 John Kerfoot , David Schaich , Emanuele Mendicelli

Variational hybrid quantum-classical algorithms are some of the most promising workloads for near-term quantum computers without error correction. The aim of these variational algorithms is to guide the quantum system to a target state that…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2021-03-18 Shavindra P. Premaratne , A. Y. Matsuura

We propose an efficient circuit structure of variational quantum circuit \textit{Ans\"{a}tze} used for the variational quantum eigensolver (VQE) algorithm in calculating gapped topological phases on the currently feasible noisy…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2023-08-21 Rong-Yang Sun , Tomonori Shirakawa , Seiji Yunoki

Variational Quantum Eigensolver (VQE) faces significant challenges due to hardware noise and the presence of barren plateaus and local traps in the optimization landscape. To mitigate the detrimental effects of these issues, we introduce a…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2025-12-09 Chayan Patra , Rahul Maitra

Variational quantum algorithms are suitable for use on noisy quantum systems. One of the most important use-cases is the quantum simulation of materials, using the variational quantum eigensolver (VQE). To optimize VQE performance, a…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2022-01-12 Waheeda Saib , Petros Wallden , Ismail Akhalwaya

Variational quantum eigensolvers (VQE) are among the most promising approaches for solving electronic structure problems on near-term quantum computers. A critical challenge for VQE in practice is that one needs to strike a balance between…

We introduce a variational approach for preparing low energy states of arbitrary target Hamiltonians. The protocol is defined in terms of a repeated cycle consisting of p layers of unitary gates applied to the system and ancilla "bath"…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2025-10-14 Jeffrey Z. Song , Gilad Kishony , Erez Berg , Mark S. Rudner

Combinatorial optimization problems have wide-ranging applications in industry and academia. Quantum computers may help solve them by sampling from carefully prepared Ansatz quantum circuits. However, current quantum computers are limited…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2025-11-07 Sabina Drăgoi , Alberto Baiardi , Daniel J. Egger

Variational quantum algorithms have emerged as a leading paradigm that extracts practical computation from near-term intermediate-scale quantum devices, enabling advances in quantum chemistry simulations, combinatorial optimization, and…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2026-02-24 Manish Mallapur , Ronit Raj , Ankur Raina

We study algorithms inspired by quantum annealing that are suited for the NISQ era. First, we analyze approximate quantum annealing (AQA), which employs a discretized annealing ansatz in which the time step and the number of layers are…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2026-04-29 Rijul Sachdeva , Vrinda Mehta , Manpreet Singh Jattana , Kristel Michielsen , Fengping Jin
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