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We present the design process and findings of the pre-conference workshop at the Machine Learning for Healthcare Conference (2024) entitled Red Teaming Large Language Models for Healthcare, which took place on August 15, 2024. Conference…

Cybersecurity post-incident reviews are essential for identifying control failures and improving organisational resilience, yet they remain labour-intensive, time-consuming, and heavily reliant on expert judgment. This paper investigates…

Cryptography and Security · Computer Science 2026-01-08 Huan Lin Oh , Jay Yong Jun Jie , Mandy Lee Ling Siu , Jonathan Pan

Automated red-teaming for LLMs often discovers narrow attack slices, missing diverse real-world threats, and yielding insufficient data for safety fine-tuning. We introduce Persona-Conditioned Adversarial Prompting (PCAP), which conditions…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2026-05-13 Cristian Morasso , Anisa Halimi , Muhammad Zaid Hameed , Douglas Leith

Large multimodal models (LMMs) typically employ an encoding module to transform multimodal data inputs into embeddings, which are then fed to language models for further processing. However, efficiently serving LMMs remains highly…

Distributed, Parallel, and Cluster Computing · Computer Science 2025-09-30 Tianyu Guo , Tianming Xu , Xianjie Chen , Junru Chen , Nong Xiao , Xianwei Zhang

Automated intrusion-style workflows require LLM agents to reason over partial observations, tool outputs, and executable artifacts under bounded budgets. A single LLM instance often compresses evidence extraction, planning, execution, and…

Cryptography and Security · Computer Science 2026-05-12 Minfeng Qi , Tianqing Zhu , Zijie Xu , Congcong Zhu , Qin Wang , Wanlei Zhou

This paper demonstrates the potential for autonomous cyber defence to be applied on industrial control systems and provides a baseline environment to further explore Multi-Agent Reinforcement Learning's (MARL) application to this problem…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2024-06-14 Alec Wilson , Ryan Menzies , Neela Morarji , David Foster , Marco Casassa Mont , Esin Turkbeyler , Lisa Gralewski

Large Language Models (LLMs) for complex reasoning is often hindered by high computational costs and latency, while resource-efficient Small Language Models (SLMs) typically lack the necessary reasoning capacity. Existing collaborative…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2026-01-09 Chengsong Huang , Tong Zheng , Langlin Huang , Jinyuan Li , Haolin Liu , Jiaxin Huang

The rapid adoption of large language models (LLMs) in financial services introduces new operational, regulatory, and security risks. Yet most red-teaming benchmarks remain domain-agnostic and fail to capture failure modes specific to…

Computational Finance · Quantitative Finance 2026-03-12 Fabrizio Dimino , Bhaskarjit Sarmah , Stefano Pasquali

Large language models (LLMs) possess extensive knowledge and question-answering capabilities, having been widely deployed in privacy-sensitive domains like finance and medical consultation. During LLM inferences, cache-sharing methods are…

Cryptography and Security · Computer Science 2024-12-02 Xinyao Zheng , Husheng Han , Shangyi Shi , Qiyan Fang , Zidong Du , Xing Hu , Qi Guo

Hyperscale large language model (LLM) inference places extraordinary demands on cloud systems, where even brief failures can translate into significant user and business impact. To better understand and mitigate these risks, we present one…

Distributed, Parallel, and Cluster Computing · Computer Science 2025-11-12 Bhala Ranganathan , Mickey Zhang , Kai Wu

Large language models (LLMs) are widely applied in chatbots, code generators, and search engines. Workload such as chain-of-throught, complex reasoning, agent services significantly increase the inference cost by invoke the model…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2025-11-27 Sihyeong Park , Sungryeol Jeon , Chaelyn Lee , Seokhun Jeon , Byung-Soo Kim , Jemin Lee

Modern Network Intrusion Detection Systems generate vast volumes of low-level alerts, yet these outputs remain semantically fragmented, requiring labor-intensive manual correlation with high-level adversarial behaviors. Existing solutions…

Cryptography and Security · Computer Science 2025-10-17 Fanchao Meng , Jiaping Gui , Yunbo Li , Yue Wu

Despite recent advancements in Large Language Models (LLMs) and their alignment, they can still be jailbroken, i.e., harmful and toxic content can be elicited from them. While existing red-teaming methods have shown promise in uncovering…

Cryptography and Security · Computer Science 2026-01-01 Vasudev Gohil

Deploying large language models (LMs) can pose hazards from harmful outputs such as toxic or false text. Prior work has introduced automated tools that elicit harmful outputs to identify these risks. While this is a valuable step toward…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2023-10-12 Stephen Casper , Jason Lin , Joe Kwon , Gatlen Culp , Dylan Hadfield-Menell

The increasing use of large language models (LLMs) in mental healthcare raises safety concerns in high-stakes therapeutic interactions. A key challenge is distinguishing therapeutic empathy from maladaptive validation, where supportive…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2026-04-07 Qingyang Xu , Yaling Shen , Stephanie Fong , Zimu Wang , Yiwen Jiang , Xiangyu Zhao , Jiahe Liu , Zhongxing Xu , Vincent Lee , Zongyuan Ge

Red-teaming has been a widely adopted way to evaluate the harmfulness of Large Language Models (LLMs). It aims to jailbreak a model's safety behavior to make it act as a helpful agent disregarding the harmfulness of the query. Existing…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2023-11-14 Rishabh Bhardwaj , Soujanya Poria

Communication encryption is crucial in computer technology, but existing algorithms struggle with balancing cost and security. We propose EncGPT, a multi-agent framework using large language models (LLM). It includes rule, encryption, and…

Cryptography and Security · Computer Science 2025-04-01 Donghe Li , Zuchen Li , Ye Yang , Li Sun , Dou An , Qingyu Yang

While recent automated red-teaming methods show promise for systematically exposing model vulnerabilities, most existing approaches rely on human-specified workflows. This dependence on manually designed workflows suffers from human biases…

Artificial Intelligence · Computer Science 2026-04-06 Jiayi Yuan , Jonathan Nöther , Natasha Jaques , Goran Radanović

Large Language Models (LLMs) are vulnerable to jailbreaking attacks that lead to generation of inappropriate or harmful content. Manual red-teaming requires a time-consuming search for adversarial prompts, whereas automatic adversarial…

Cryptography and Security · Computer Science 2025-06-04 Anselm Paulus , Arman Zharmagambetov , Chuan Guo , Brandon Amos , Yuandong Tian

Recent advances in Large Language Models (LLMs) have shown significant potential in enhancing cybersecurity defenses against sophisticated threats. LLM-based penetration testing is an essential step in automating system security evaluations…

Cryptography and Security · Computer Science 2024-07-26 Junjie Huang , Quanyan Zhu