English
Related papers

Related papers: Emulating OP_RAND in Bitcoin

200 papers

We consider a prediction market in which all aspects are controlled by market forces, in particular the correct outcomes of events are decided by the market itself rather than by trusted arbiters. This kind of a decentralized prediction…

Cryptography and Security · Computer Science 2017-03-09 Iddo Bentov , Alex Mizrahi , Meni Rosenfeld

We revisit the fundamental question of Bitcoin's security against double spending attacks. While previous work has bounded the probability that a transaction is reversed, we show that no such guarantee can be effectively given if the…

Cryptography and Security · Computer Science 2016-06-01 Yonatan Sompolinsky , Aviv Zohar

The emerging cryptocurrency market has lately received great attention for asset allocation due to its decentralization uniqueness. However, its volatility and brand new trading mode have made it challenging to devising an acceptable…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2021-10-19 Fengrui Liu , Yang Li , Baitong Li , Jiaxin Li , Huiyang Xie

In blockchains such as Bitcoin and Ethereum, users compete in a transaction fee auction to get their transactions confirmed in the next block. A line of recent works set forth the desiderata for a "dream" transaction fee mechanism (TFM),…

Computer Science and Game Theory · Computer Science 2022-11-07 Hao Chung , Elaine Shi

Graph Pebbling is a well-studied single-player game on graphs. We introduce the game of Blocking Pebbles which adapts Graph Pebbling into a two-player strategy game in order to examine it within the context of Combinatorial Game Theory.…

Combinatorics · Mathematics 2017-12-18 Michael Fisher , Craig Tennenhouse

The integration of machine learning with blockchain technology has witnessed increasing interest, driven by the vision of decentralized, secure, and transparent AI services. In this context, we introduce opML (Optimistic Machine Learning on…

Cryptography and Security · Computer Science 2024-02-06 KD Conway , Cathie So , Xiaohang Yu , Kartin Wong

Bitcoins have recently become an increasingly popular cryptocurrency through which users trade electronically and more anonymously than via traditional electronic transfers. Bitcoin's design keeps all transactions in a public ledger. The…

Cryptography and Security · Computer Science 2015-02-06 Michael Fleder , Michael S. Kester , Sudeep Pillai

In this paper we study one-round key-agreement protocols analogous to Merkle's puzzles in the random oracle model. The players Alice and Bob are allowed to query a random permutation oracle $n$ times and upon their queries and…

Computational Complexity · Computer Science 2009-03-24 Miroslava Sotakova

Probabilistic bisimulation is a fundamental notion of process equivalence for probabilistic systems. Among others, it has important applications including formalizing the anonymity property of several communication protocols. There is a lot…

Software Engineering · Computer Science 2020-11-05 Chih-Duo Hong , Anthony W. Lin , Rupak Majumdar , Philipp Rümmer

We present a two-party protocol for quantum gambling, a new task closely related to coin tossing. The protocol allows two remote parties to play a gambling game, such that in a certain limit it becomes a fair game. No unconditionally secure…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2009-01-23 Lior Goldenberg , Lev Vaidman , Stephen Wiesner

Bitcoin is the first implementation of what has become known as a 'public permissionless' blockchain. Guaranteeing security and protocol conformity through its elegant combination of cryptographic assurances and game theoretic economic…

Cryptography and Security · Computer Science 2018-02-23 D. McGinn , D McIlwraith , Y. Guo

Recently, the blockchain technique was put in the spotlight as it introduced a systematic approach for multiple parties to reach consensus without needing trust. However, the application of this technique in practice is severely restricted…

Distributed, Parallel, and Cluster Computing · Computer Science 2017-07-17 Zhijie Ren , Kelong Cong , Johan Pouwelse , Zekeriya Erkin

There is growing interest in providing programmatic access to the value locked in Bitcoin, which famously offers limited programmability itself. Various approaches have been put forth in recent years, with the vast majority of proposed…

Distributed, Parallel, and Cluster Computing · Computer Science 2025-06-30 Ryan Croote , Islam El-Ashi , Thomas Locher , Yvonne-Anne Pignolet

Banks routinely use neural networks to make decisions. While these models offer higher accuracy, they are susceptible to adversarial attacks, a risk often overlooked in the context of event sequences, particularly sequences of financial…

We consider a game in which two separate laboratories collaborate to prepare a quantum system and are then asked to guess the outcome of a measurement performed by a third party in a random basis on that system. Intuitively, by the…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2013-10-04 Marco Tomamichel , Serge Fehr , Jędrzej Kaniewski , Stephanie Wehner

Bitcoin is built on a blockchain, an immutable decentralised ledger that allows entities (users) to exchange Bitcoins in a pseudonymous manner. Bitcoins are associated with alpha-numeric addresses and are transferred via transactions. Each…

Social and Information Networks · Computer Science 2021-05-20 Jan Alexander Fischer , Andres Palechor , Daniele Dell'Aglio , Abraham Bernstein , Claudio J. Tessone

Blockchains have sparked global interest in recent years, gaining importance as they increasingly influence technology and finance. This thesis investigates the robustness of blockchain protocols, specifically focusing on Ethereum…

Cryptography and Security · Computer Science 2024-12-02 Ulysse Pavloff

In this work we address the issue of sharing a quantum secret over untrusted channels between the dealer and players. Existing methods require entanglement over a number of systems which scales with the security parameter, quickly becoming…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2014-10-03 Anne Marin , Damian Markham

We consider a repeated sequential game between a learner, who plays first, and an opponent who responds to the chosen action. We seek to design strategies for the learner to successfully interact with the opponent. While most previous…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2020-07-13 Pier Giuseppe Sessa , Ilija Bogunovic , Maryam Kamgarpour , Andreas Krause

Bitcoin-NG is an extensible blockchain protocol based on the same trust model as Bitcoin. It divides each epoch into one Key-Block and multiple Micro-Blocks, effectively improving transaction processing capacity. Bitcoin-NG adopts a special…

Cryptography and Security · Computer Science 2023-06-07 Junjie Hu , Zhe Jiang , Chunxiang Xu