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The goal of object-centric representation learning is to decompose visual scenes into a structured representation that isolates the entities. Recent successes have shown that object-centric representation learning can be scaled to…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2024-08-20 Aniket Didolkar , Andrii Zadaianchuk , Anirudh Goyal , Mike Mozer , Yoshua Bengio , Georg Martius , Maximilian Seitzer

Model-based reinforcement learning (MBRL) allows solving complex tasks in a sample-efficient manner. However, no information is reused between the tasks. In this work, we propose a meta-learned addressing model called RAMa that provides…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2021-10-27 Artem Zholus , Aleksandr I. Panov

Model-based reinforcement learning (MBRL) is recognized with the potential to be significantly more sample-efficient than model-free RL. How an accurate model can be developed automatically and efficiently from raw sensory inputs (such as…

Robotics · Computer Science 2023-05-24 Jun Lv , Yunhai Feng , Cheng Zhang , Shuang Zhao , Lin Shao , Cewu Lu

Reinforcement learning (RL) solves sequential decision-making problems via a trial-and-error process interacting with the environment. While RL achieves outstanding success in playing complex video games that allow huge trial-and-error,…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2022-06-22 Fan-Ming Luo , Tian Xu , Hang Lai , Xiong-Hui Chen , Weinan Zhang , Yang Yu

Object-centric representation (OCR) has recently become a subject of interest in the computer vision community for learning a structured representation of images and videos. It has been several times presented as a potential way to improve…

Artificial Intelligence · Computer Science 2025-06-25 Alexandre Chapin , Emmanuel Dellandrea , Liming Chen

Offline reinforcement learning (RL) offers a powerful paradigm for data-driven control. Compared to model-free approaches, offline model-based RL (MBRL) explicitly learns a world model from a static dataset and uses it as a surrogate…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2026-02-02 Jiayu Chen , Le Xu , Aravind Venugopal , Jeff Schneider

Direct imaging of Earth-like exoplanets is one of the most prominent scientific drivers of the next generation of ground-based telescopes. Typically, Earth-like exoplanets are located at small angular separations from their host stars,…

Instrumentation and Methods for Astrophysics · Physics 2024-01-02 Jalo Nousiainen , Byron Engler , Markus Kasper , Chang Rajani , Tapio Helin , Cédric T. Heritier , Sascha P. Quanz , Adrian M. Glauser

Contrastive self-supervised learning has largely narrowed the gap to supervised pre-training on ImageNet. However, its success highly relies on the object-centric priors of ImageNet, i.e., different augmented views of the same image…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2021-12-06 Jiahao Xie , Xiaohang Zhan , Ziwei Liu , Yew Soon Ong , Chen Change Loy

Model-based reinforcement learning (MBRL) approaches rely on discrete-time state transition models whereas physical systems and the vast majority of control tasks operate in continuous-time. To avoid time-discretization approximation of the…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2021-06-14 Çağatay Yıldız , Markus Heinonen , Harri Lähdesmäki

Meta-learning for offline reinforcement learning (OMRL) is an understudied problem with tremendous potential impact by enabling RL algorithms in many real-world applications. A popular solution to the problem is to infer task identity as…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2021-10-18 Lanqing Li , Yuanhao Huang , Mingzhe Chen , Siteng Luo , Dijun Luo , Junzhou Huang

Model-based Reinforcement Learning (MBRL) allows data-efficient learning which is required in real world applications such as robotics. However, despite the impressive data-efficiency, MBRL does not achieve the final performance of…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2019-08-19 Zhang-Wei Hong , Joni Pajarinen , Jan Peters

Developing generalist robots capable of mastering diverse skills remains a central challenge in embodied AI. While recent progress emphasizes scaling model parameters and offline datasets, such approaches are limited in robotics, where…

Artificial Intelligence · Computer Science 2026-03-03 Shaohuai Liu , Weirui Ye , Yilun Du , Le Xie

Visual Model-Based Reinforcement Learning (MBRL) promises to encapsulate agent's knowledge about the underlying dynamics of the environment, enabling learning a world model as a useful planner. However, top MBRL agents such as Dreamer often…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2024-05-31 Ruixiang Sun , Hongyu Zang , Xin Li , Riashat Islam

Efficient exploration remains a central challenge in reinforcement learning (RL), particularly in sparse-reward environments. We introduce Optimistic World Models (OWMs), a principled and scalable framework for optimistic exploration that…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2026-02-11 Akshay Mete , Shahid Aamir Sheikh , Tzu-Hsiang Lin , Dileep Kalathil , P. R. Kumar

Learning object-level, structured representations is widely regarded as a key to better generalization in vision and underpins the design of next-generation Pre-trained Vision Models (PVMs). Mainstream Object-Centric Learning (OCL) methods…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2025-10-09 Hongjia Liu , Rongzhen Zhao , Haohan Chen , Joni Pajarinen

In the face of difficult exploration problems in reinforcement learning, we study whether giving an agent an object-centric mapping (describing a set of items and their attributes) allow for more efficient learning. We found this problem is…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2025-04-15 Anthony GX-Chen , Kenneth Marino , Rob Fergus

While model-based reinforcement learning (MBRL) improves sample efficiency by learning world models from raw observations, existing methods struggle to generalize across structurally similar scenes and remain vulnerable to spurious…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2026-01-28 Zhao-Han Peng , Shaohui Li , Zhi Li , Shulan Ruan , Yu Liu , You He

Object-centric learning (OCL) aims to learn structured scene representations that support compositional generalization and robustness to out-of-distribution (OOD) data. However, OCL models are often not evaluated regarding these goals.…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2026-02-10 Krishnakant Singh , Simone Schaub-Meyer , Stefan Roth

This paper is concerned with offline reinforcement learning (RL), which learns using pre-collected data without further exploration. Effective offline RL would be able to accommodate distribution shift and limited data coverage. However,…

Machine Learning · Statistics 2024-03-11 Gen Li , Laixi Shi , Yuxin Chen , Yuejie Chi , Yuting Wei

Recent deep reinforcement learning (DRL) successes rely on end-to-end learning from fixed-size observational inputs (e.g. image, state-variables). However, many challenging and interesting problems in decision making involve observations or…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2022-06-08 Vince Jankovics , Michael Garcia Ortiz , Eduardo Alonso