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We present a novel approach for generating plausible verbal interactions between virtual human-like agents and user avatars in shared virtual environments. Sense-Plan-Ask, or SPA, extends prior work in propositional planning and natural…

Multiagent Systems · Computer Science 2020-02-11 Andrew Best , Sahil Narang , Dinesh Manocha

Most prior works on communication in multi-agent reinforcement learning have focused on emergent communication, which often results in inefficient and non-interpretable systems. Inspired by the role of language in natural intelligence, we…

Multiagent Systems · Computer Science 2025-08-08 Maxime Toquebiau , Jae-Yun Jun , Faïz Benamar , Nicolas Bredeche

Emotions play a central role in human communication, shaping trust, engagement, and social interaction. As artificial intelligence systems powered by large language models become increasingly integrated into everyday life, enabling them to…

Audio and Speech Processing · Electrical Eng. & Systems 2026-03-11 Soumya Dutta

Embodiment is an important characteristic for all intelligent agents (creatures and robots), while existing scene description tasks mainly focus on analyzing images passively and the semantic understanding of the scenario is separated from…

Robotics · Computer Science 2020-05-08 Sinan Tan , Huaping Liu , Di Guo , Xinyu Zhang , Fuchun Sun

In order to create effective storytelling agents three fundamental questions must be answered: first, is a physically embodied agent preferable to a virtual agent or a voice-only narration? Second, does a human voice have an advantage over…

Robotics · Computer Science 2016-07-20 Sandra Costa , Alberto Brunete , Byung-Chull Bae , Nikolaos Mavridis

Virtual and robotic agents capable of perceiving human empathy have the potential to participate in engaging and meaningful human-machine interactions that support human well-being. Prior research in computational empathy has focused on…

Robotics · Computer Science 2021-08-02 Leena Mathur , Micol Spitale , Hao Xi , Jieyun Li , Maja J Matarić

This paper introduces the concept of coexistence for embodied artificial agents and argues that it is a prerequisite for long-term, in-the-wild interaction with humans. Contemporary embodied artificial agents excel in static, predefined…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2025-06-03 Hannah Kuehn , Joseph La Delfa , Miguel Vasco , Danica Kragic , Iolanda Leite

While most machine translation systems to date are trained on large parallel corpora, humans learn language in a different way: by being grounded in an environment and interacting with other humans. In this work, we propose a communication…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2018-04-12 Jason Lee , Kyunghyun Cho , Jason Weston , Douwe Kiela

Many businesses and consumers are extending the capabilities of voice-based services such as Amazon Alexa, Google Home, Microsoft Cortana, and Apple Siri to create custom voice experiences (also known as skills). As the number of these…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2019-11-18 Maryam Fazel-Zarandi , Sampat Biswas , Ryan Summers , Ahmed Elmalt , Andy McCraw , Michael McPhilips , John Peach

Quantitative research of emotions in psychology and machine-learning methods for extracting emotion components from text messages open an avenue for physical science to explore the nature of stochastic processes in which emotions play a…

Social and Information Networks · Computer Science 2014-04-17 Bosiljka Tadic , Vladimir Gligorijevic , Marcin Skowron , Milovan Suvakov

This work aims to build a dialogue agent that can weave new factual content into conversations as naturally as humans. We draw insights from linguistic principles of conversational analysis and annotate human-human conversations from the…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2021-04-19 Ashwin Paranjape , Christopher D. Manning

We present Social Agent, a novel framework for synthesizing realistic and contextually appropriate co-speech nonverbal behaviors in dyadic conversations. In this framework, we develop an agentic system driven by a Large Language Model (LLM)…

Graphics · Computer Science 2025-10-07 Zeyi Zhang , Yanju Zhou , Heyuan Yao , Tenglong Ao , Xiaohang Zhan , Libin Liu

We are increasingly surrounded by artificially intelligent technology that takes decisions and executes actions on our behalf. This creates a pressing need for general means to communicate with, instruct and guide artificial agents, with…

Human communication is inherently multimodal and social: words, prosody, and body language jointly carry intent. Yet most prior systems model human behavior as a translation task co-speech gesture or text-to-motion that maps a fixed…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2026-04-16 Juze Zhang , Changan Chen , Xin Chen , Heng Yu , Tiange Xiang , Ali Sartaz Khan , Shrinidhi K. Lakshmikanth , Ehsan Adeli

This article presents a multimodal emotion recognition module integrated into a proactive Socially Interactive Agent (SIA) powered by generative artificial intelligence. The system evaluates real-time affective states through two distinct…

Human-Computer Interaction · Computer Science 2026-05-21 Adnana Dragut , Raquel Lacuesta , F. Xavier Gaya-Morey , Jose M. Buades-Rubio

Embodied conversational agents (ECAs) are paradigms of conversational user interfaces in the form of embodied characters. While ECAs offer various manipulable features, this paper focuses on a study conducted to explore two distinct levels…

Human-Computer Interaction · Computer Science 2023-10-27 Danai Korre

One of the long-term goals of artificial intelligence is to build an agent that can communicate intelligently with human in natural language. Most existing work on natural language learning relies heavily on training over a pre-collected…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2017-05-30 Haichao Zhang , Haonan Yu , Wei Xu

Conversational agents have made significant progress since ELIZA, expanding their role across various domains, including healthcare, education, and customer service. As these agents become increasingly integrated into daily human…

Human-Computer Interaction · Computer Science 2025-07-04 Paulo Ricardo Knob , Leonardo Scholler , Juliano Rigatti , Soraia Raupp Musse

User simulation is a promising approach for automatically training and evaluating conversational information access agents, enabling the generation of synthetic dialogues and facilitating reproducible experiments at scale. However, the…

Information Retrieval · Computer Science 2024-06-28 Nolwenn Bernard , Krisztian Balog

Conversational practice, while crucial for all language learners, can be challenging to get enough of and very expensive. Chatbots are computer programs developed to engage in conversations with humans. They are designed as software avatars…

Human-Computer Interaction · Computer Science 2020-11-17 Jasna Petrovic , Mladjan Jovanovic
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