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Our objective is video retrieval based on natural language queries. In addition, we consider the analogous problem of retrieving sentences or generating descriptions given an input video. Recent work has addressed the problem by embedding…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2016-08-09 Mayu Otani , Yuta Nakashima , Esa Rahtu , Janne Heikkilä , Naokazu Yokoya

Automatically disentangling an author's style from the content of their writing is a longstanding and possibly insurmountable problem in computational linguistics. At the same time, the availability of large text corpora furnished with…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2023-08-28 Andrew Wang , Cristina Aggazzotti , Rebecca Kotula , Rafael Rivera Soto , Marcus Bishop , Nicholas Andrews

Supervised training of abstractive language generation models results in learning conditional probabilities over language sequences based on the supervised training signal. When the training signal contains a variety of writing styles, such…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2018-04-12 Ye Zhang , Nan Ding , Radu Soricut

Generic text embeddings are successfully used in a variety of tasks. However, they are often learnt by capturing the co-occurrence structure from pure text corpora, resulting in limitations of their ability to generalize. In this paper, we…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2017-06-02 Karol Kurach , Sylvain Gelly , Michal Jastrzebski , Philip Haeusser , Olivier Teytaud , Damien Vincent , Olivier Bousquet

End-to-end acoustic-to-word speech recognition models have recently gained popularity because they are easy to train, scale well to large amounts of training data, and do not require a lexicon. In addition, word models may also be easier to…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2019-02-20 Shruti Palaskar , Vikas Raunak , Florian Metze

We propose a new kind of embedding for natural language text that deeply represents semantic meaning. Standard text embeddings use the outputs from hidden layers of a pretrained language model. In our method, we let a language model learn…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2022-11-22 Oleg Vasilyev , John Bohannon

Transformer has demonstrated its great power to learn contextual word representations for multiple languages in a single model. To process multilingual sentences in the model, a learnable vector is usually assigned to each language, which…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2021-02-17 Shengjie Luo , Kaiyuan Gao , Shuxin Zheng , Guolin Ke , Di He , Liwei Wang , Tie-Yan Liu

Word embeddings are a key component of high-performing natural language processing (NLP) systems, but it remains a challenge to learn good representations for novel words on the fly, i.e., for words that did not occur in the training data.…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2018-11-12 Timo Schick , Hinrich Schütze

The correspondence between input text and the generated image exhibits opacity, wherein minor textual modifications can induce substantial deviations in the generated image. While, text embedding, as the pivotal intermediary between text…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2024-04-02 Hu Yu , Hao Luo , Fan Wang , Feng Zhao

Learning vectors that capture the meaning of concepts remains a fundamental challenge. Somewhat surprisingly, perhaps, pre-trained language models have thus far only enabled modest improvements to the quality of such concept embeddings.…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2023-05-18 Na Li , Hanane Kteich , Zied Bouraoui , Steven Schockaert

Embedding learning, a.k.a. representation learning, has been shown to be able to model large-scale semantic knowledge graphs. A key concept is a mapping of the knowledge graph to a tensor representation whose entries are predicted by models…

Artificial Intelligence · Computer Science 2016-05-10 Volker Tresp , Cristóbal Esteban , Yinchong Yang , Stephan Baier , Denis Krompaß

A variety of contextualised language models have been proposed in the NLP community, which are trained on diverse corpora to produce numerous Neural Language Models (NLMs). However, different NLMs have reported different levels of…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2022-04-19 Keigo Takahashi , Danushka Bollegala

Text embeddings are numerical representations of text data, where words, phrases, or entire documents are converted into vectors of real numbers. These embeddings capture semantic meanings and relationships between text elements in a…

Information Retrieval · Computer Science 2025-01-20 Fusheng Wei , Robert Neary , Han Qin , Qiang Mao , Jianping Zhang

Learning word representations has recently seen much success in computational linguistics. However, assuming sequences of word tokens as input to linguistic analysis is often unjustified. For many languages word segmentation is a…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2013-09-19 Grzegorz Chrupała

Pre-trained word embeddings are the primary method for transfer learning in several Natural Language Processing (NLP) tasks. Recent works have focused on using unsupervised techniques such as language modeling to obtain these embeddings. In…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2019-07-01 Mihir Kale , Aditya Siddhant , Sreyashi Nag , Radhika Parik , Matthias Grabmair , Anthony Tomasic

Word embeddings are now a standard technique for inducing meaning representations for words. For getting good representations, it is important to take into account different senses of a word. In this paper, we propose a mixture model for…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2017-08-14 Dai Quoc Nguyen , Dat Quoc Nguyen , Ashutosh Modi , Stefan Thater , Manfred Pinkal

Text embedding methods have become increasingly popular in both industrial and academic fields due to their critical role in a variety of natural language processing tasks. The significance of universal text embeddings has been further…

Information Retrieval · Computer Science 2024-06-21 Hongliu Cao

Image-text representation learning forms a cornerstone in vision-language models, where pairs of images and textual descriptions are contrastively aligned in a shared embedding space. Since visual and textual concepts are naturally…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2025-03-04 Avik Pal , Max van Spengler , Guido Maria D'Amely di Melendugno , Alessandro Flaborea , Fabio Galasso , Pascal Mettes

Learning semantically meaningful sentence embeddings is an open problem in natural language processing. In this work, we propose a sentence embedding learning approach that exploits both visual and textual information via a multimodal…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2022-04-26 Miaoran Zhang , Marius Mosbach , David Ifeoluwa Adelani , Michael A. Hedderich , Dietrich Klakow

Text embeddings are a fundamental component in many NLP tasks, including classification, regression, clustering, and semantic search. However, despite their ubiquitous application, challenges persist in interpreting embeddings and…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2025-10-03 Juri Opitz , Lucas Möller , Andrianos Michail , Sebastian Padó , Simon Clematide