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In this work we present a modification to conventional X-rays fluorescence using electrons as excitation source, and compare it with the traditional X-ray excitation for the study of pigments. For this purpose we have constructed a…

Instrumentation and Detectors · Physics 2016-08-24 F. Valle Brozas , A. Crego , L. Roso , A. Peralta Conde

The European X-ray Free Electron Laser (XFEL), currently being constructed in Hamburg and planning to be operational in 2017 for users, will deliver 27,000 fully coherent, high brilliance X-ray pulses per second with duration less than 100…

Instrumentation and Detectors · Physics 2015-06-18 Jiaguo Zhang , Eckhart Fretwurst , Heinz Graafsma , Robert Klanner , Ioannis Kopsalis , Joern Schwandt

The real-space Green's function code FEFF has been extensively developed and used for calculations of x-ray and related spectra, including x-ray absorption (XAS), x-ray emission (XES), inelastic x-ray scattering, and electron energy loss…

Materials Science · Physics 2021-06-28 J. J. Kas , F. D. Vila , J. J. Rehr , C. D. Pemmaraju , T. S. Tan

The Italian AGILE space mission, with its Gamma-Ray Imaging Detector (GRID) instrument sensitive in the 30 MeV-50 GeV gamma-ray energy band, has been operating since 2007. Agilepy is an open-source Python package to analyse AGILE/GRID data.…

Instrumentation and Methods for Astrophysics · Physics 2023-02-09 A. Bulgarelli , L. Baroncelli , A. Addis , N. Parmiggiani , A. Aboudan , A. Di Piano , V. Fioretti , M. Tavani , C. Pittori , F. Lucarelli , F. Verrecchia

We previously demonstrated near-field speckle scanning based x-ray imaging to be an easy-to-implement phase sensing method capable of providing both high sensitivity and high resolution. Yet, this performance combination could only be…

Medical Physics · Physics 2017-06-21 Sebastien Berujon , Eric Ziegler

Significant improvements in our understanding of nuclear $\gamma$-ray line production and instrument performance allow us to better characterize the continuum emission from electrons at energies $\gtrsim$ 300 keV during solar flares. We…

Solar and Stellar Astrophysics · Physics 2025-02-25 Gerald H. Share , Ronald J. Murphy , Brian R. Dennis , Justin D. Finke

The Spectrograph of the RISTRETTO instrument is now currently being manufactured. RISTETTO is an instrument designed to detect and characterize the reflected light of nearby exoplanets. It combines high contrast imaging and high resolution…

X-ray polarimetry, sometimes alone, and sometimes coupled to spectral and temporal variability measurements and to imaging, allows a wealth of physical phenomena in astrophysics to be studied. X-ray polarimetry investigates the acceleration…

High Energy Astrophysical Phenomena · Physics 2016-08-11 Paolo Soffitta , Xavier Barcons , Ronaldo Bellazzini , João Braga , Enrico Costa , George W. Fraser , Szymon Gburek , Juhani Huovelin , Giorgio Matt , Mark Pearce , Juri Poutanen , Victor Reglero , Andrea Santangelo , Rashid A. Sunyaev , Gianpiero Tagliaferri , Martin Weisskopf , Roberto Aloisio , Elena Amato , Primo Attiná , Magnus Axelsson , Luca Baldini , Stefano Basso , Stefano Bianchi , Pasquale Blasi , Johan Bregeon , Alessandro Brez , Niccoló Bucciantini , Luciano Burderi , Vadim Burwitz , Piergiorgio Casella , Eugene Churazov , Marta Civitani , Stefano Covino , Rui Miguel Curado da Silva , Giancarlo Cusumano , Mauro Dadina , Flavio D'Amico , Alessandra De Rosa , Sergio Di Cosimo , Giuseppe Di Persio , Tiziana Di Salvo , Michal Dovciak , Ronald Elsner , Chris J. Eyles , Andrew C. Fabian , Sergio Fabiani , Hua Feng , Salvatore Giarrusso , René W. Goosmann , Paola Grandi , Nicolas Grosso , Gianluca Israel , Miranda Jackson , Philip Kaaret , Vladimir Karas , Michael Kuss , Dong Lai , Giovanni La Rosa , Josefin Larsson , Stefan Larsson , Luca Latronico , Antonio Maggio , Jorge Maia , Frédéric Marin , Marco Maria Massai , Teresa Mineo , Massimo Minuti , Elena Moretti , Fabio Muleri , Stephen L. O'Dell , Giovanni Pareschi , Giovanni Peres , Melissa Pesce , Pierre-Olivier Petrucci , Michele Pinchera , Delphine Porquet , Brian Ramsey , Nanda Rea , Fabio Reale , Juana Maria Rodrigo , Agata Różańska , Alda Rubini , Pawel Rudawy , Felix Ryde , Marco Salvati , Valdivino Alexandre de Santiago Júnior , Sergey Sazonov , Carmelo Sgró , Eric Silver , Gloria Spandre , Daniele Spiga , Luigi Stella , Toru Tamagawa , Francesco Tamborra , Fabrizio Tavecchio , Teresa Teixeira Dias , Matthew van Adelsberg , Kinwah Wu , Silvia Zane

We present PyOECP, a Python-based flexible open-source software for estimating and modeling the complex permittivity obtained from the open-ended coaxial probe (OECP) technique. The transformation of the measured reflection coefficient to…

Instrumentation and Detectors · Physics 2021-10-01 Tae Jun Yoon , Katie A. Maerzke , Robert P. Currier , Alp T. Findikoglu

X-ray mirror fabrication for astronomy is challenging; this is due to the Wolter I optical geometry and the tight tolerances on roughness and form error to enable accurate and efficient X-ray reflection. The performance of an X-ray mirror,…

Instrumentation and Methods for Astrophysics · Physics 2023-04-05 Carolyn Atkins

Fifty years after the very first sounding rocket measurement of cosmic X-ray polarization, the Imaging X-ray Polarimetry Explorer (IXPE) mission has effectively opened a new window into the X-ray sky. Prior to launch of IXPE, an extensive…

The production of four fermions plus a visible photon in electron-positron collisions is analyzed, with particular emphasis on the LEP2 energy range. The study is based on the calculation of exact matrix elements, including the effect of…

High Energy Physics - Phenomenology · Physics 2011-09-13 G. Montagna , M. Moretti , O. Nicrosini , M. Osmo , F. Piccinini

X-ray spectroscopy is a powerful technique for the analysis of the energy distribution of X-rays from astrophysical sources. It allows for the study of the properties, composition, and physical processes taking place at the site of…

High Energy Astrophysical Phenomena · Physics 2023-09-22 L. Ducci , C. Malacaria

rigidPy is a Python package that provides a set of tools necessary for studying rigidity and mechanical response in spring networks. It also includes suitable modules for generating new realizations of networks with applications in glassy…

Soft Condensed Matter · Physics 2022-03-02 Varda F. Hagh , Mahdi Sadjadi

We have recently demonstrated a very favorable, inexpensive modernization of lab-based x-ray absorption fine structure (XAFS) and high-resolution x-ray emission spectroscopy (XES) using only commercially-available optics and x-ray tube…

Instrumentation and Detectors · Physics 2016-06-22 Gerald T. Seidler , Devon R. Mortensen , Alexander S. Ditter , Neil A. Ball , Adam J. Remesnik

Molecular dynamics simulations play an increasingly important role in the rational design of (nano)-materials and in the study of biomacromolecules. However, generating input files and realistic starting coordinates for these simulations is…

X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy (XPS) is a widely used technique for chemical analysis of solid surfaces, sensitive to the chemical environments of atoms via core-level binding energy shifts. While modern instruments allow experimental…

Materials Science · Physics 2026-05-12 Jan Čechal

This study reports the development and characterization of an efficient portable X-ray imaging device built from Raspberry Pi components, including a high-quality 12.3-megapixel camera configured for indirect detection with a Gd2O2S:Tb…

Optics for future X-ray telescopes will be characterized by very large aperture and focal length, and will be made of lightweight materials like glass or silicon in order to keep the total mass within acceptable limits. Optical modules…

Instrumentation and Methods for Astrophysics · Physics 2016-10-04 D. Spiga , M. Barbera , A. Collura , S. Basso , R. Candia , M. Civitani , M. Di Bella , G. Di Cicca , U. Lo Cicero , G. Lullo , C. Pelliciari , M. Riva , B. Salmaso , L. Sciortino , S. Varisco

Single-particle imaging experiments of biomolecules at x-ray free-electron lasers (XFELs) require processing of hundreds of thousands (or more) of images that contain very few x-rays. Each low-flux image of the diffraction pattern is…

Instrumentation and Detectors · Physics 2012-03-16 Hugh T. Philipp , Kartik Ayyer , Mark W. Tate , Veit Elser , Sol M. Gruner