Related papers: The Free Hamilton Algebra
A very first step to develop non-commutative algebraic geometry is the arithmetic of polynomials in non-commuting variables over a commutative field, that is, the study of elements in free associative algebras. This investigation is…
We study the existence of free subalgebras in division algebras, and prove the following general result: if $A$ is a noetherian domain which is countably generated over an uncountable algebraically closed field $k$ of characteristic 0, then…
The quantum field algebra of real scalar fields is shown to be an example of infinite dimensional quantum group. The underlying Hopf algebra is the symmetric algebra S(V) and the product is Wick's normal product. Two coquasitriangular…
We uncover the structure of the space of symmetric functions in non-commutative variables by showing that the underlined Hopf algebra is both free and co-free. We also introduce the Hopf algebra of quasi-symmetric functions in…
Let H be a Hopf algebra of dimension pq over an algebraically closed field of characteristic zero, where p, q are odd primes with p < q < 4p+12. We prove that H is semisimple and thus isomorphic to a group algebra, or the dual of a group…
As an instance of a linear action of a Hopf algebra on a free associative algebra, we consider finite group gradings of a free algebra induced by gradings on the space spanned by the free generators. The homogeneous component corresponding…
To a semisimple and cosemisimple Hopf algebra over an algebraically closed field, we associate a planar algebra defined by generators and relations and show that it is a connected, irreducible, spherical, non-degenerate planar algebra with…
Let A be a commutative unital algebra over an algebraically closed field k of characteristic not equal to 2, whose generators form a finite-dimensional subspace V, with no nontrivial homogeneous quadratic relations. Let Q be a Hopf algebra…
In this paper we introduce a class of noncommutative (finitely generated) monomial algebras whose Hilbert series are algebraic functions. We use the concept of graded homology and the theory of unambiguous context-free grammars for this…
Let $\mathbb{K}$ be a field. We study the free bialgebra $\mathcal{T}$ generated by the coalgebra $C=\mathbb{K} g \oplus \mathbb{K} h$ and its quotient bialgebras (or Hopf algebras) over $\mathbb{K}$. We show that the free noncommutative…
This is a survey article on the currently very active research area of free (=non-commutative) real algebra and geometry. We first review some of the important results from the commutative theory, and then explain similarities and…
Let H be a Hopf algebra and A an H-simple right H-comodule algebra. It is shown that under certain hypotheses every (H,A)-Hopf module is either projective or free as an A-module and A is either a quasi-Frobenius or a semisimple ring. As an…
We study a structure of the group of unitriangular automorphisms of a free associative algebra and a polynomial algebra and prove that this group is a semi direct product of abelian groups. Using this decomposition we describe a structure…
Let GF(q)[x,y] be the polynomial algebra in two variables over the finite field GF(q) with q elements. We give an exact formula and the asymptotics for the number p(n) of automorphisms (f,g) of GF(q)[x,y] such that max{deg(f),deg(g)}=n. We…
We consider the permutation group algebra defined by Cameron and show that if the permutation group has no finite orbits, then no homogeneous element of degree one is a zero-divisor of the algebra. We proceed to make a conjecture which…
We introduce the \emph{universal algebra} of two Poisson algebras $P$ and $Q$ as a commutative algebra $A:={\mathcal P} (P, \, Q )$ satisfying a certain universal property. The universal algebra is shown to exist for any finite dimensional…
We consider real analytic Hamiltonians whose flow depends linearly on time. Trivial examples are Hamiltonians $H(q,p)$ that do not depend on the coordinate $q$. By a theorem of Moser, every polynomial Hamiltonian of degree 3 reduces to such…
Given an algebra A, presented by generators and relations, i.e. as a quotient of a tensor algebra by an ideal, we construct a free algebra resolution of A, i.e. a differential graded algebra which is quasi-isomorphic to A and which is…
We give a new construction of free distributive p-algebras. Our construction relies on a detailed description of completely meet-irreducible congruences, so it is purely universal algebraic. It yields a normal form theorem for p-algebra…
We first prove that a graded, connected, free and cofree Hopf algebra is always self-dual; then that two graded, connected, free and cofree Hopf algebras are isomorphic if, and only if, they have the same Poincar\'e-Hilbert formal series.…