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In the realm of fault-tolerant quantum computing, stabilizer operations play a pivotal role, characterized by their remarkable efficiency in classical simulation. This efficiency sets them apart from non-stabilizer operations within the…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2024-07-30 Chengkai Zhu , Zhiping Liu , Chenghong Zhu , Xin Wang

"Broadcasting", namely distributing information over many users, suffers in-principle limitations when the information is quantum. This poses a critical issue in quantum information theory, for distributed processing and networked…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2007-05-23 Francesco Buscemi , Giacomo Mauro D'Ariano , Chiara Macchiavello , Paolo Perinotti

Nonstabilizerness, also known as magic, is a crucial resource for quantum computation. The growth in complexity of quantum processing units (QPUs) demands robust and scalable techniques for characterizing this resource. We introduce the…

Non-stabilizerness or magic resource characterizes the amount of non-Clifford operations needed to prepare quantum states. It is a crucial resource for quantum computing and a necessary condition for quantum advantage. However, quantifying…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2023-01-31 Tobias Haug , M. S. Kim

Quantum state discrimination plays a central role in defining the possible and impossible operations through a restricted class of quantum operations. A seminal result by Bennett et al. [Phys. Rev. A 59, 1070 (1999)] demonstrates the…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2025-10-01 Hyukjoon Kwon

In quantum computing, the nonstabilizerness of quantum operations is crucial for understanding and quantifying quantum speedups. In this study, we explore the phenomena of nonstabilizerness of the quantum SWITCH, a novel structure that…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2024-07-31 Yin Mo , Chengkai Zhu , Zhiping Liu , Mingrui Jing , Xin Wang

Gaussian states are of fundamental importance in the physics of continuous-variable quantum systems. They are appealing for the experimental ease with which they can be produced, and for their compact and an elegant mathematical…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2025-10-27 Kaustav Chatterjee , Ulrik Lund Andersen

We show that, given a general mixed state for a quantum system, there are no physical means for {\it broadcasting\/} that state onto two separate quantum systems, even when the state need only be reproduced marginally on the separate…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2009-10-28 H. Barnum , C. M. Caves , C. A. Fuchs , R. Jozsa , B. Schumacher

Recent results on the non-universality of fault-tolerant gate sets underline the critical role of resource states, such as magic states, to power scalable, universal quantum computation. Here we develop a resource theory, analogous to the…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2015-06-16 Victor Veitch , Seyed Ali Hamed Mousavian , Daniel Gottesman , Joseph Emerson

We establish lower-bounds on the number of resource states, also known as magic states, needed to perform various quantum computing tasks, treating stabilizer operations as free. Our bounds apply to adaptive computations using measurements…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2022-02-02 Michael Beverland , Earl Campbell , Mark Howard , Vadym Kliuchnikov

Magic, or nonstabilizerness, characterizes the deviation of a quantum state from the set of stabilizer states and plays a fundamental role from quantum state complexity to universal fault-tolerant quantum computing. However, analytical or…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2024-05-22 Junjie Chen , Yuxuan Yan , You Zhou

Non-stabilizerness - also colloquially referred to as magic - is the a resource for advantage in quantum computing and lies in the access to non-Clifford operations. Developing a comprehensive understanding of how non-stabilizerness can be…

We prove generic versions of the no-cloning and no-broadcasting theorems, applicable to essentially {\em any} non-classical finite-dimensional probabilistic model that satisfies a no-signaling criterion. This includes quantum theory as well…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2007-05-23 Howard Barnum , Jonathan Barrett , Matthew Leifer , Alexander Wilce

To achieve universal quantum computation via general fault-tolerant schemes, stabilizer operations must be supplemented with other non-stabilizer quantum resources. Motivated by this necessity, we develop a resource theory for magic quantum…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2019-10-09 Xin Wang , Mark M. Wilde , Yuan Su

The nonstabilizerness of quantum states is a necessary resource for universal quantum computation, yet its characterization is notoriously demanding. Quantifying nonstabilizerness typically requires an exponential number of measurements and…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2026-02-24 J. M. Varela , L. L. Keller , A. de Oliveira Junior , D. A. Moreira , R. Chaves , R. A. Macêdo

Magic quantum states (non-stabilizer states) play a pivotal role in fault-tolerant quantum computation. Simultaneously, random resources have emerged as a key element in various randomized techniques within contemporary quantum science. In…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2025-07-17 Christopher Vairogs , Bin Yan

Notions of nonstabilizerness, or "magic", quantify how non-classical quantum states are in a precise sense: states exhibiting low nonstabilizerness preclude quantum advantage. We introduce 'pseudomagic' ensembles of quantum states that,…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2024-05-31 Andi Gu , Lorenzo Leone , Soumik Ghosh , Jens Eisert , Susanne Yelin , Yihui Quek

In quantum computing, non-stabilizerness -- the magic -- refers to the computational advantage of certain quantum states over classical computers and is an essential ingredient for universal quantum computation. Employing the second order…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2025-03-06 Qiaofeng Liu , Ian Low , Zhewei Yin

The quantum no-broadcasting theorem states that it is impossible to produce perfect copies of an arbitrary quantum state, even if the copies are allowed to be correlated. Here we show that, although quantum broadcasting cannot be achieved…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2024-03-26 Arthur J. Parzygnat , James Fullwood , Francesco Buscemi , Giulio Chiribella

Variational techniques have long been at the heart of atomic, solid-state, and many-body physics. They have recently extended to quantum and classical machine learning, providing a basis for representing quantum states via neural networks.…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2025-04-10 Thomas Spriggs , Arash Ahmadi , Bokai Chen , Eliska Greplova
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