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Typical user-friendly renderings of knowledge graphs are visualisations and natural language text. Within the latter HCI solution approach, data-driven natural language generation systems receive increased attention, but they are often…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2021-06-29 Zola Mahlaza , C. Maria Keet , Jarryd Dunn , Matthew Poulter

Automatic question generation aims to generate questions from a text passage where the generated questions can be answered by certain sub-spans of the given passage. Traditional methods mainly use rigid heuristic rules to transform a…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2017-04-19 Qingyu Zhou , Nan Yang , Furu Wei , Chuanqi Tan , Hangbo Bao , Ming Zhou

Inference making is an essential but complex skill in reading comprehension (RC). Some inferences require resolving references across sentences, and some rely on using prior knowledge to fill in the detail that is not explicitly written in…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2025-06-11 Wanjing Anya Ma , Michael Flor , Zuowei Wang

Designing good reflection questions is pedagogically important but time-consuming and unevenly supported across teachers. This paper introduces a reflection-in-reflection framework for automated generation of reflection questions with large…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2026-01-22 Ondřej Holub , Essi Ryymin , Rodrigo Alves

In this tutorial, we focus on text-to-text generation, a class of natural language generation (NLG) tasks, that takes a piece of text as input and then generates a revision that is improved according to some specific criteria (e.g.,…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2023-10-09 Yao Dou , Philippe Laban , Claire Gardent , Wei Xu

Natural question generation (QG) aims to generate questions from a passage and an answer. Previous works on QG either (i) ignore the rich structure information hidden in text, (ii) solely rely on cross-entropy loss that leads to issues like…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2020-08-28 Yu Chen , Lingfei Wu , Mohammed J. Zaki

Formative assessment in STEM topics aims to promote student learning by identifying students' current understanding, thus targeting how to promote further learning. Previous studies suggest that the assessment performance of current…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2025-04-08 Yuchen Wei , Dennis Pearl , Matthew Beckman , Rebecca J. Passonneau

This study investigates whether individuals can learn to accurately discriminate between human-written and AI-produced texts when provided with immediate feedback, and if they can use this feedback to recalibrate their self-perceived…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2025-10-17 Jiří Milička , Anna Marklová , Ondřej Drobil , Eva Pospíšilová

In comparison to the interpretation of classification models, the explanation of sequence generation models is also an important problem, however it has seen little attention. In this work, we study model-agnostic explanations of a…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2022-02-08 Yi-Lin Tuan , Connor Pryor , Wenhu Chen , Lise Getoor , William Yang Wang

Extensive research has investigated the integration of large language models (LLMs) with knowledge graphs to enhance the reasoning process. However, understanding how models perform reasoning utilizing structured graph knowledge remains…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2025-02-24 Han Zhang , Langshi Zhou , Hanfang Yang

Paraphrase generation is a longstanding NLP task that has diverse applications for downstream NLP tasks. However, the effectiveness of existing efforts predominantly relies on large amounts of golden labeled data. Though unsupervised…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2021-09-28 Kaize Ding , Dingcheng Li , Alexander Hanbo Li , Xing Fan , Chenlei Guo , Yang Liu , Huan Liu

This paper presents an evaluation of the quality of automatically generated reading comprehension questions from Swedish text, using the Quinductor method. This method is a light-weight, data-driven but non-neural method for automatic…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2022-11-29 Dmytro Kalpakchi , Johan Boye

Providing valuable and personalized feedback is essential for effective learning, but delivering it promptly can be challenging in large-scale courses. Recent research has explored automated feedback mechanisms across various programming…

Software Engineering · Computer Science 2025-08-14 Ricardo Brancas , Pedro Orvalho , Carolina Carreira , Vasco Manquinho , Ruben Martins

With the recent rapid increase in digitization across all major industries, acquiring programming skills has increased the demand for introductory programming courses. This has further resulted in universities integrating programming…

We consider the problem of learning to repair programs from diagnostic feedback (e.g., compiler error messages). Program repair is challenging for two reasons: First, it requires reasoning and tracking symbols across source code and…

Software Engineering · Computer Science 2020-07-01 Michihiro Yasunaga , Percy Liang

Long text generation is an important but challenging task.The main problem lies in learning sentence-level semantic dependencies which traditional generative models often suffer from. To address this problem, we propose a Multi-hop…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2020-09-29 Liang Zhao , Jingjing Xu , Junyang Lin , Yichang Zhang , Hongxia Yang , Xu Sun

Open-ended questions test a more thorough understanding than closed-ended questions and are often a preferred assessment method. However, open-ended questions are tedious to grade and subject to personal bias. Therefore, there have been…

Artificial Intelligence · Computer Science 2024-09-30 Gérôme Meyer , Philip Breuer , Jonathan Fürst

Existing open-domain dialogue generation models are usually trained to mimic the gold response in the training set using cross-entropy loss on the vocabulary. However, a good response does not need to resemble the gold response, since there…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2020-10-06 Wei-Jen Ko , Avik Ray , Yilin Shen , Hongxia Jin

Generating high quality question-answer pairs is a hard but meaningful task. Although previous works have achieved great results on answer-aware question generation, it is difficult to apply them into practical application in the education…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2021-09-20 Fanyi Qu , Xin Jia , Yunfang Wu

One-on-one tutoring is widely acknowledged as an effective instructional method, conditioned on qualified tutors. However, the high demand for qualified tutors remains a challenge, often necessitating the training of novice tutors (i.e.,…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2024-05-03 Jionghao Lin , Zifei Han , Danielle R. Thomas , Ashish Gurung , Shivang Gupta , Vincent Aleven , Kenneth R. Koedinger