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We prove an upper bound for the independence number of a graph in terms of the largest Laplacian eigenvalue, and of a certain induced subgraph. Our bound is a refinement of a well-known Hoffman-type bound.

Combinatorics · Mathematics 2023-11-17 Bogdan Nica

The notion of duality is a key element in understanding the interplay between the stability and chromatic numbers of a graph. This notion is a central aspect in the celebrated theory of perfect graphs, and is further and deeply developed in…

Combinatorics · Mathematics 2020-04-21 Nathan Benedetto Proença , Marcel K. de Carli Silva , Gabriel Coutinho

We consider the alternating zeta function and the alternating $L$-function of a graph $G$, and express them by using the Ihara zeta function of $G$. Next, we define a generalized alternating zeta function of a graph, and express the…

Combinatorics · Mathematics 2023-02-21 Takashi Komatsu , Norio Konno , Iwao Sato

The stable set problem and the graph coloring problem are classes of NP-hard optimization problems on graphs. It is well known that even near-optimal solutions for these problems are difficult to find in polynomial time. The Lov\'asz theta…

Optimization and Control · Mathematics 2025-07-17 Dunja Pucher , Franz Rendl

Non-commutative graph theory is an operator space generalization of graph theory. Well known graph parameters such as the independence number and Lov\'asz theta function were first generalized to this setting by Duan, Severini, and Winter.…

Operator Algebras · Mathematics 2017-09-19 Se-Jin Kim , Arthur Mehta

Our previous work presented explicit formulas for the generalized zeta function and the generalized Ihara zeta function corresponding to the Grover walk and the positive-support version of the Grover walk on the regular graph via the…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2022-12-22 Takashi Komatsu , Norio Konno , Iwao Sato

We extend the notion of nonbacktracking walks from unweighted graphs to graphs whose edges have a nonnegative weight. Here the weight associated with a walk is taken to be the product over the weights along the individual edges. We give two…

Combinatorics · Mathematics 2024-01-22 Francesca Arrigo , Desmond J. Higham , Vanni Noferini , Ryan Wood

We investigate the effect of the well-known Mycielski construction on the Shannon capacity of graphs and on one of its most prominent upper bounds, the (complementary) Lov\'asz theta number. We prove that if the Shannon capacity of a graph,…

Combinatorics · Mathematics 2023-12-15 Bence Csonka , Gábor Simonyi

The quantum walk is a quantum counterpart of the classical random walk. On the other hand, the absolute zeta function can be considered as a zeta function over F_1. This paper presents a connection between the quantum walk and the absolute…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2024-06-19 Norio Konno

We extend upper bounds on the quantum independence number and the quantum Shannon capacity of graphs to their counterparts in the commuting operator model. We introduce a von Neumann algebraic generalization of the fractional Haemers bound…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2022-05-20 Li Gao , Sander Gribling , Yinan Li

A characterization of dynamically defined zeta functions is presented. It comprises a list of axioms, natural extension of the one which characterizes topological degree, and a uniqueness theorem. Lefschetz zeta function is the main (and…

Dynamical Systems · Mathematics 2018-02-08 Eduardo Blanco Gomez , Luis Hernandez-Corbato , Francisco R. Ruiz del Portal

Let $G$ be a graph on $n$ vertices, independence number $\alpha(G)$, Lov\'asz theta function $\vartheta(G)$, and Shannon capacity $\Theta(G)$. We define $n_{\ge0}(G)$ to be the minimum number of non-negative eigenvalues taken over all…

Combinatorics · Mathematics 2025-07-01 Quanyu Tang , Shengtong Zhang , Clive Elphick

The Lovasz theta function provides a lower bound for the chromatic number of finite graphs based on the solution of a semidefinite program. In this paper we generalize it so that it gives a lower bound for the measurable chromatic number of…

Combinatorics · Mathematics 2009-11-21 Christine Bachoc , Gabriele Nebe , Fernando Mario de Oliveira Filho , Frank Vallentin

From the viewpoint of quantum walks, the Ihara zeta function of a finite graph can be said to be closely related to its evolution matrix. In this note we introduce another kind of zeta function of a graph, which is closely related to, as to…

Mathematical Physics · Physics 2014-04-08 Yu. Higuchi , N. Konno , I. Sato , E. Segawa

We define the quaternionic quantum walk on a finite graph and investigate its properties. This walk can be considered as a natural quaternionic extension of the Grover walk on a graph. We explain the way to obtain all the right eigenvalues…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2016-04-21 Norio Konno , Hideo Mitsuhashi , Iwao Sato

We extend the clique-coclique inequality, previously known to hold for graphs in association schemes and vertex-transitive graphs, to graphs in homogeneous coherent configurations and 1-walk regular graphs. We further generalize it to a…

Combinatorics · Mathematics 2019-10-15 Marcel K. de Carli Silva , Gabriel Coutinho , Chris Godsil , David E. Roberson

This paper gives the quantum walks determined by graph zeta functions. The result enables us to obtain the characteristic polynomial of the transition matrix of the quantum walk, and it determines the behavior of the quantum walk. We treat…

Combinatorics · Mathematics 2022-11-03 Ayaka Ishikawa

This paper presents a connection between the quantum walk and the absolute mathematics. The quantum walk is a quantum counterpart of the classical random walk. We especially deal with the Grover walk on a graph. The Grover walk is a typical…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2024-12-24 Jirô Akahori , Norio Konno , Rikuki Okamoto , Iwao Sato

For any contractive iterated function system (IFS, including the Moran systems), we show that there is a natural hyperbolic graph on the symbolic space, which yields the H\"{o}lder equivalence of the hyperbolic boundary and the invariant…

Metric Geometry · Mathematics 2016-10-13 Ka-Sing Lau , Xiang-Yang Wang

The theta body of a graph, introduced by Gr\"otschel, Lov\'asz, and Schrijver in 1986, is a tractable relaxation of the independent-set polytope derived from the Lov\'asz theta number. In this paper, we recursively extend the theta body,…

Combinatorics · Mathematics 2023-11-22 Davi Castro-Silva , Fernando Mário de Oliveira Filho , Lucas Slot , Frank Vallentin