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Personalized Federated Learning (PFL) enables collaboratively model training on decentralized, heterogeneous data while tailoring them to each client's unique distribution. However, existing PFL methods produce static models with a fixed…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2026-01-16 Boyi Liu , Zimu Zhou , Yongxin Tong

Federated Learning (FL) enables the training of Deep Learning models without centrally collecting possibly sensitive raw data. The most used algorithms for FL are parameter-averaging based schemes (e.g., Federated Averaging) that, however,…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2025-04-08 Alessio Mora , Irene Tenison , Paolo Bellavista , Irina Rish

Federated Learning (FL) enables decentralized model training across multiple clients while optionally preserving data privacy. However, communication efficiency remains a critical bottleneck, particularly for large-scale models. In this…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2025-11-11 Arnaud Descours , Léonard Deroose , Jan Ramon

Federated learning (FL) is a heavily promoted approach for training ML models on sensitive data, e.g., text typed by users on their smartphones. FL is expressly designed for training on data that are unbalanced and non-iid across the…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2022-03-07 Tao Yu , Eugene Bagdasaryan , Vitaly Shmatikov

As a promising distributed machine learning paradigm, Federated Learning (FL) trains a central model with decentralized data without compromising user privacy, which has made it widely used by Artificial Intelligence Internet of Things…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2022-05-13 Tian Liu , Zhiwei Ling , Jun Xia , Xin Fu , Shui Yu , Mingsong Chen

Federated Learning (FL) is a well-known framework for successfully performing a learning task in an edge computing scenario where the devices involved have limited resources and incomplete data representation. The basic assumption of FL is…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2023-12-08 Lorenzo Valerio , Chiara Boldrini , Andrea Passarella , János Kertész , Márton Karsai , Gerardo Iñiguez

Federated Learning (FL) is a distributed machine learning approach that enables model training in communication efficient and privacy-preserving manner. The standard optimization method in FL is Federated Averaging (FedAvg), which performs…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2023-09-21 Zeyi Tao , Jindi Wu , Qun Li

Federated learning (FL) allows distributed participants to train machine learning models in a decentralized manner. It can be used for radio signal classification with multiple receivers due to its benefits in terms of privacy and…

Signal Processing · Electrical Eng. & Systems 2024-01-23 Han Zhang , Medhat Elsayed , Majid Bavand , Raimundas Gaigalas , Yigit Ozcan , Melike Erol-Kantarci

Federated Learning (FL) enables multiple nodes to collaboratively train a model without sharing raw data. However, FL systems are usually deployed in heterogeneous scenarios, where nodes differ in both data distributions and participation…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2026-02-13 Hongliang Zhang , Jiguo Yu , Guijuan Wang , Wenshuo Ma , Tianqing He , Baobao Chai , Chunqiang Hu

Federated learning has gained popularity as a means of training models distributed across the wireless edge. The paper introduces delay-aware hierarchical federated learning (DFL) to improve the efficiency of distributed machine learning…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2023-09-29 Frank Po-Chen Lin , Seyyedali Hosseinalipour , Nicolò Michelusi , Christopher Brinton

Federated learning (FL) is one of the most important paradigms addressing privacy and data governance issues in machine learning (ML). Adversarial training has emerged, so far, as the most promising approach against evasion threats on ML…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2020-12-04 Giulio Zizzo , Ambrish Rawat , Mathieu Sinn , Beat Buesser

In this paper, we introduce analytic federated learning (AFL), a new training paradigm that brings analytical (i.e., closed-form) solutions to the federated learning (FL) with pre-trained models. Our AFL draws inspiration from analytic…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2026-04-09 Run He , Kai Tong , Di Fang , Han Sun , Ziqian Zeng , Haoran Li , Tianyi Chen , Huiping Zhuang

Federated Learning (FL) is a popular algorithm to train machine learning models on user data constrained to edge devices (for example, mobile phones) due to privacy concerns. Typically, FL is trained with the assumption that no part of the…

Federated Learning (FL) is a privacy-protected machine learning paradigm that allows model to be trained directly at the edge without uploading data. One of the biggest challenges faced by FL in practical applications is the heterogeneity…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2021-08-20 Zirui Zhu , Ziyi Ye

Federated Learning (FL) is a decentralized machine learning (ML) technique that allows a number of participants to train an ML model collaboratively without having to share their private local datasets with others. When participants are…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2023-12-19 Youssra Cheriguene , Wael Jaafar , Halim Yanikomeroglu , Chaker Abdelaziz Kerrache

Federated Learning (FL) since proposed has been applied in many fields, such as credit assessment, medical, etc. Because of the difference in the network or computing resource, the clients may not update their gradients at the same time…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2021-11-19 Zhicheng Zhou , Hailong Chen , Kunhua Li , Fei Hu , Bingjie Yan , Jieren Cheng , Xuyan Wei , Bernie Liu , Xiulai Li , Fuwen Chen , Yongji Sui

Federated learning (FL) is an emerging machine learning paradigm that allows to accomplish model training without aggregating data at a central server. Most studies on FL consider a centralized framework, in which a single server is endowed…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2023-03-22 Bin Wang , Jun Fang , Hongbin Li , Xiaojun Yuan , Qing Ling

Federated Learning (FL) is a popular distributed learning paradigm to break down data silo. Traditional FL approaches largely rely on gradient-based updates, facing significant issues about heterogeneity, scalability, convergence, and…

In Federated Learning (FL), models are as fragile as centrally trained models against adversarial examples. However, the adversarial robustness of federated learning remains largely unexplored. This paper casts light on the challenge of…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2023-02-21 Jie Zhang , Bo Li , Chen Chen , Lingjuan Lyu , Shuang Wu , Shouhong Ding , Chao Wu

Federated Learning (FL) seeks to train a model collaboratively without sharing private training data from individual clients. Despite its promise, FL encounters challenges such as high communication costs for large-scale models and the…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2024-04-15 Lin Li , Jianping Gou , Baosheng Yu , Lan Du , Zhang Yiand Dacheng Tao