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Retrieval-augmented generation (RAG) effectively addresses issues of static knowledge and hallucination in large language models. Existing studies mostly focus on question scenarios with clear user intents and concise answers. However, it…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2025-02-18 Shuting Wang , Xin Yu , Mang Wang , Weipeng Chen , Yutao Zhu , Zhicheng Dou

Biomedical question-answering (QA) systems require effective retrieval and generation components to ensure accuracy, efficiency, and scalability. This study systematically examines a Retrieval-Augmented Generation (RAG) system for…

Information Retrieval · Computer Science 2026-01-14 Linus Stuhlmann , Michael Alexander Saxer , Jonathan Fürst

Since large language models (LLMs) have a tendency to generate factually inaccurate output, retrieval-augmented generation (RAG) has gained significant attention as a key means to mitigate this downside of harnessing only LLMs. However,…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2025-12-18 Youmin Ko , Sungjong Seo , Hyunjoon Kim

Large language models like ChatGPT are increasingly used in classrooms, but they often provide outdated or fabricated information that can mislead students. Retrieval Augmented Generation (RAG) improves reliability of LLMs by grounding…

Artificial Intelligence · Computer Science 2025-09-10 Amay Jain , Liu Cui , Si Chen

Retrieval-Augmented Generation (RAG) systems have recently shown remarkable advancements by integrating retrieval mechanisms into language models, enhancing their ability to produce more accurate and contextually relevant responses.…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2025-01-14 Siran Li , Linus Stenzel , Carsten Eickhoff , Seyed Ali Bahrainian

Retrieval-Augmented Generation (RAG) has demonstrated strong effectiveness in knowledge-intensive tasks by grounding language generation in external evidence. Despite its success, many existing RAG systems are built based on a…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2026-04-27 Lichang Song , Ting Long , Yi Chang

One common approach for question answering over speech data is to first transcribe speech using automatic speech recognition (ASR) and then employ text-based retrieval-augmented generation (RAG) on the transcriptions. While this cascaded…

Audio and Speech Processing · Electrical Eng. & Systems 2025-01-06 Do June Min , Karel Mundnich , Andy Lapastora , Erfan Soltanmohammadi , Srikanth Ronanki , Kyu Han

Reranking documents based on their relevance to a given query is a critical task in information retrieval. Traditional reranking methods often lack transparency and rely on proprietary models, hindering reproducibility and interpretability.…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2025-04-15 Yuelyu Ji , Zhuochun Li , Rui Meng , Daqing He

Retrieval-augmented generation (RAG) has emerged as a leading approach to reducing hallucinations in large language models (LLMs). Current RAG evaluation benchmarks primarily focus on what we call local RAG: retrieving relevant chunks from…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2025-11-05 Qi Luo , Xiaonan Li , Tingshuo Fan , Xinchi Chen , Xipeng Qiu

Retrieval-Augmented Generation (RAG) has emerged as a standard framework for knowledge-intensive NLP tasks, combining large language models (LLMs) with document retrieval from external corpora. Despite its widespread use, most RAG pipelines…

Information Retrieval · Computer Science 2025-08-26 Mandeep Rathee , V Venktesh , Sean MacAvaney , Avishek Anand

In the Retrieval-Augmented Generation (RAG) system, advanced Large Language Models (LLMs) have emerged as effective Query Likelihood Models (QLMs) in an unsupervised way, which re-rank documents based on the probability of generating the…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2024-12-23 Xiaowei Yuan , Zhao Yang , Yequan Wang , Jun Zhao , Kang Liu

Large Language Models (LLMs) have demonstrated exceptional performance in the task of text ranking for information retrieval. While Pointwise ranking approaches offer computational efficiency by scoring documents independently, they often…

Information Retrieval · Computer Science 2025-12-03 Jieran Li , Xiuyuan Hu , Yang Zhao , Shengyao Zhuang , Hao Zhang

As an effective method to boost the performance of Large Language Models (LLMs) on the question answering (QA) task, Retrieval-Augmented Generation (RAG), which queries highly relevant information from external complex documents, has…

Information Retrieval · Computer Science 2025-12-04 Shu Wang , Yingli Zhou , Yixiang Fang

Reranking algorithms have made progress in improving document retrieval quality by efficiently aggregating relevance judgments generated by large language models (LLMs). However, identifying relevant documents for queries that require…

Information Retrieval · Computer Science 2025-11-04 Jerry Huang , Siddarth Madala , Cheng Niu , Julia Hockenmaier , Tong Zhang

RAG systems rely on rerankers to identify relevant documents. However, fine-tuning these models remains challenging due to the scarcity of annotated query-document pairs. Existing distillation-based approaches suffer from training-inference…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2025-06-10 Siyuan Huang , Zhiyuan Ma , Jintao Du , Changhua Meng , Weiqiang Wang , Jingwen Leng , Minyi Guo , Zhouhan Lin

Retrieval augmented generation (RAG) has become the standard in long context question answering (QA) systems. However, typical implementations of RAG rely on a rather naive retrieval mechanism, in which texts whose embeddings are most…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2024-10-08 Keyush Shah , Abhishek Goyal , Isaac Wasserman

Retrieval-Augmented Generation (RAG) has become a widely adopted paradigm for enhancing the reliability of large language models (LLMs). However, RAG systems are sensitive to retrieval strategies that rely on text chunking to construct…

Information Retrieval · Computer Science 2026-03-31 Sun Xu , Tongkai Xu , Baiheng Xie , Li Huang , Qiang Gao , Kunpeng Zhang

Ranking models play a crucial role in enhancing overall accuracy of text retrieval systems. These multi-stage systems typically utilize either dense embedding models or sparse lexical indices to retrieve relevant passages based on a given…

Information Retrieval · Computer Science 2024-09-13 Gabriel de Souza P. Moreira , Ronay Ak , Benedikt Schifferer , Mengyao Xu , Radek Osmulski , Even Oldridge

Retrieval-augmented generation (RAG) has emerged as a promising paradigm for enhancing large language models (LLMs) on multi-hop question answering (QA), which requires reasoning over evidence from multiple documents. Current multi-hop RAG…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2026-05-28 Yikai Zhu , Kunfeng Chen , Qihuang Zhong , Juhua Liu , Bo Du

Retrieval-Augmented Generation (RAG) systems commonly use chunking strategies for retrieval, which enhance large language models (LLMs) by enabling them to access external knowledge, ensuring that the retrieved information is up-to-date and…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2025-07-15 Hai Toan Nguyen , Tien Dat Nguyen , Viet Ha Nguyen