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Monolingual data has been demonstrated to be helpful in improving the translation quality of neural machine translation (NMT). The current methods stay at the usage of word-level knowledge, such as generating synthetic parallel data or…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2019-08-22 Rongxiang Weng , Heng Yu , Shujian Huang , Weihua Luo , Jiajun Chen

Reinforcement learning (RL) has been proven to be an effective and robust method for training neural machine translation systems, especially when paired with powerful reward models that accurately assess translation quality. However, most…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2025-11-24 Miguel Moura Ramos , Tomás Almeida , Daniel Vareta , Filipe Azevedo , Sweta Agrawal , Patrick Fernandes , André F. T. Martins

Large language models have demonstrated exceptional performance across multiple crosslingual NLP tasks, including machine translation (MT). However, persistent challenges remain in addressing context-sensitive units (CSUs), such as…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2025-05-30 Qiuyu Ding , Zhiqiang Cao , Hailong Cao , Tiejun Zhao

Reinforcement learning from human feedback (RLHF) can improve the quality of large language model's (LLM) outputs by aligning them with human preferences. We propose a simple algorithm for aligning LLMs with human preferences inspired by…

In this paper, we propose a robust neural machine translation (NMT) framework. The framework consists of a homophone noise detector and a syllable-aware NMT model to homophone errors. The detector identifies potential homophone errors in a…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2020-12-16 Wenjie Qin , Xiang Li , Yuhui Sun , Deyi Xiong , Jianwei Cui , Bin Wang

Training neural machine translation (NMT) models in federated learning (FL) settings could be inefficient both computationally and communication-wise, due to the large size of translation engines as well as the multiple rounds of updates…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2021-12-14 Tanya Roosta , Peyman Passban , Ankit Chadha

While modern machine translation has relied on large parallel corpora, a recent line of work has managed to train Neural Machine Translation (NMT) systems from monolingual corpora only (Artetxe et al., 2018c; Lample et al., 2018). Despite…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2021-12-28 Mikel Artetxe , Gorka Labaka , Eneko Agirre

GPT-2 and BERT demonstrate the effectiveness of using pre-trained language models (LMs) on various natural language processing tasks. However, LM fine-tuning often suffers from catastrophic forgetting when applied to resource-rich tasks. In…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2022-06-22 Jiacheng Yang , Mingxuan Wang , Hao Zhou , Chengqi Zhao , Yong Yu , Weinan Zhang , Lei Li

Applying Reinforcement learning (RL) following maximum likelihood estimation (MLE) pre-training is a versatile method for enhancing neural machine translation (NMT) performance. However, recent work has argued that the gains produced by RL…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2022-10-07 Asaf Yehudai , Leshem Choshen , Lior Fox , Omri Abend

While machine translation has traditionally relied on large amounts of parallel corpora, a recent research line has managed to train both Neural Machine Translation (NMT) and Statistical Machine Translation (SMT) systems using monolingual…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2021-12-28 Mikel Artetxe , Gorka Labaka , Eneko Agirre

To efficiently select optimal dataset combinations for enhancing multi-task learning (MTL) performance in large language models, we proposed a novel framework that leverages a neural network to predict the best dataset combinations. The…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2025-05-06 Zaifu Zhan , Rui Zhang

Autoregressive next token prediction language models offer powerful capabilities but face significant challenges in practical deployment due to the high computational and memory costs of inference, particularly during the decoding stage. We…

Existing neural machine translation (NMT) studies mainly focus on developing dataset-specific models based on data from different tasks (e.g., document translation and chat translation). Although the dataset-specific models have achieved…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2023-05-19 Yunlong Liang , Fandong Meng , Jinan Xu , Jiaan Wang , Yufeng Chen , Jie Zhou

The development of state-of-the-art large language models is commonly understood as a two-stage process involving pre-training and post-training. We point out the need for an additional intermediate stage called reinforcement mid-training…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2025-09-30 Yijun Tian , Shaoyu Chen , Zhichao Xu , Yawei Wang , Jinhe Bi , Peng Han , Wei Wang

Reinforcement Learning (RL) is a powerful framework to address the discrepancy between loss functions used during training and the final evaluation metrics to be used at test time. When applied to neural Machine Translation (MT), it…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2021-02-24 Julia Ive , Zixu Wang , Marina Fomicheva , Lucia Specia

Neural Machine Translation (NMT) is an end-to-end learning approach for automated translation, with the potential to overcome many of the weaknesses of conventional phrase-based translation systems. Unfortunately, NMT systems are known to…

Document-level machine translation focuses on the translation of entire documents from a source to a target language. It is widely regarded as a challenging task since the translation of the individual sentences in the document needs to…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2020-10-21 Inigo Jauregi Unanue , Nazanin Esmaili , Gholamreza Haffari , Massimo Piccardi

Neural machine translation (NMT) often makes mistakes in translating low-frequency content words that are essential to understanding the meaning of the sentence. We propose a method to alleviate this problem by augmenting NMT systems with…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2016-10-06 Philip Arthur , Graham Neubig , Satoshi Nakamura

Prior work has proved that Translation memory (TM) can boost the performance of Neural Machine Translation (NMT). In contrast to existing work that uses bilingual corpus as TM and employs source-side similarity search for memory retrieval,…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2021-06-03 Deng Cai , Yan Wang , Huayang Li , Wai Lam , Lemao Liu

Conventional Neural Machine Translation (NMT) models benefit from the training with an additional agent, e.g., dual learning, and bidirectional decoding with one agent decoding from left to right and the other decoding in the opposite…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2019-09-04 Tianchi Bi , Hao Xiong , Zhongjun He , Hua Wu , Haifeng Wang