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In complex inferential tasks like question answering, machine learning models must confront two challenges: the need to implement a compositional reasoning process, and, in many applications, the need for this reasoning process to be…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2019-03-08 Ronghang Hu , Jacob Andreas , Trevor Darrell , Kate Saenko

Deep neural networks have demonstrated remarkable performance across various domains, yet their decision-making processes remain opaque. Although many explanation methods are dedicated to bringing the obscurity of DNNs to light, they…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2025-12-17 Kanglong Fan , Yunqiao Yang , Chen Ma

Dynamic Mode Decomposition (DMD) is a data based modeling tool that identifies a matrix to map a quantity at some time instant to the same quantity in future. We design a new version which we call Adaptive Dynamic Mode Decomposition (ADMD)…

Signal Processing · Electrical Eng. & Systems 2020-12-16 Mohammad N. Murshed , M. Monir Uddin

When predictive models are used to support complex and important decisions, the ability to explain a model's reasoning can increase trust, expose hidden biases, and reduce vulnerability to adversarial attacks. However, attempts at…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2019-07-11 Dimitris Bertsimas , Arthur Delarue , Patrick Jaillet , Sebastien Martin

We propose a novel method for interpreting neural networks, focusing on convolutional neural network-based receiver model. The method identifies which unit or units of the model contain most (or least) information about the channel…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2025-05-26 Marko Tuononen , Dani Korpi , Ville Hautamäki

Deep learning has driven significant advances in medical image analysis, yet its adoption in clinical practice remains constrained by the large size and lack of transparency in modern models. Advances in interpretability techniques such as…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2025-09-23 Nikita Malik , Pratinav Seth , Neeraj Kumar Singh , Chintan Chitroda , Vinay Kumar Sankarapu

In neural networks, task-relevant information is represented jointly by groups of neurons. However, the specific way in which this mutual information about the classification label is distributed among the individual neurons is not well…

Information Theory · Computer Science 2023-06-08 David A. Ehrlich , Andreas C. Schneider , Viola Priesemann , Michael Wibral , Abdullah Makkeh

Recognizing emotions using few attribute dimensions such as arousal, valence and dominance provides the flexibility to effectively represent complex range of emotional behaviors. Conventional methods to learn these emotional descriptors…

Audio and Speech Processing · Electrical Eng. & Systems 2023-05-15 Srinivas Parthasarathy , Carlos Busso

Functional brain dynamics is supported by parallel and overlapping functional network modes that are associated with specific neural circuits. Decomposing these network modes from fMRI data and finding their temporal characteristics is…

Artificial Intelligence · Computer Science 2023-12-08 Md Asadullah Turja , Martin Styner , Guorong Wu

Concept-based explanation methods aim at making machine learning models more transparent by finding the most important semantic features of an input (e.g., colors, patterns, shapes) for a given prediction task. However, these methods…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2025-10-02 Jacopo Teneggi , Zhenzhen Wang , Paul H. Yi , Tianmin Shu , Jeremias Sulam

Paraphrasing exists at different granularity levels, such as lexical level, phrasal level and sentential level. This paper presents Decomposable Neural Paraphrase Generator (DNPG), a Transformer-based model that can learn and generate…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2019-06-25 Zichao Li , Xin Jiang , Lifeng Shang , Qun Liu

We propose a mesh-based technique to aid in the classification of Alzheimer's disease dementia (ADD) using mesh representations of the cortex and subcortical structures. Deep learning methods for classification tasks that utilize structural…

Image and Video Processing · Electrical Eng. & Systems 2022-03-14 Emanuel A. Azcona , Pierre Besson , Yunan Wu , Arjun Punjabi , Adam Martersteck , Amil Dravid , Todd B. Parrish , S. Kathleen Bandt , Aggelos K. Katsaggelos

The analysis of variance (ANOVA) decomposition offers a systematic method to understand the interaction effects that contribute to a specific decision output. In this paper we introduce Neural-ANOVA, an approach to decompose neural networks…

Machine Learning · Statistics 2025-08-01 Steffen Limmer , Steffen Udluft , Clemens Otte

Training of neural networks is a computationally intensive task. The significance of understanding and modeling the training dynamics is growing as increasingly larger networks are being trained. We propose in this work a model based on the…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2022-12-20 Rotem Turjeman , Tom Berkov , Ido Cohen , Guy Gilboa

Mechanistic interpretability seeks to understand the internal mechanisms of machine learning models, where localization -- identifying the important model components -- is a key step. Activation patching, also known as causal tracing or…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2024-01-18 Fred Zhang , Neel Nanda

Dynamic Mode Decomposition (DMD) is a data-driven decomposition technique extracting spatio-temporal patterns of time-dependent phenomena. In this paper, we perform a comprehensive theoretical analysis of various variants of DMD. We provide…

Numerical Analysis · Mathematics 2022-02-15 Tim Krake , Daniel Weiskopf , Bernhard Eberhardt

Dimension reduction techniques usually lose information in the sense that reconstructed data are not identical to the original data. However, we argue that it is possible to have reconstructed data identically distributed as the original…

Machine Learning · Statistics 2026-05-15 Xinwei Shen , Nicolai Meinshausen

The advancement of robots, particularly those functioning in complex human-centric environments, relies on control solutions that are driven by machine learning. Understanding how learning-based controllers make decisions is crucial since…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2023-11-14 Tsun-Hsuan Wang , Wei Xiao , Tim Seyde , Ramin Hasani , Daniela Rus

Autoencoders are a type of unsupervised neural networks, which can be used to solve various tasks, e.g., dimensionality reduction, image compression, and image denoising. An AE has two goals: (i) compress the original input to a…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2022-11-24 Firas Laakom , Jenni Raitoharju , Alexandros Iosifidis , Moncef Gabbouj

Understanding the decision-making processes of neural networks is a central goal of mechanistic interpretability. In the context of Large Language Models (LLMs), this involves uncovering the underlying mechanisms and identifying the roles…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2026-04-21 Nils Feldhus , Laura Kopf