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Information Retrieval (IR) is fundamental to many modern NLP applications. The rise of dense retrieval (DR), using neural networks to learn semantic vector representations, has significantly advanced IR performance. Central to training…

Information Retrieval · Computer Science 2026-03-20 Laurin Wischounig , Abdelrahman Abdallah , Adam Jatowt

It is desirable to transfer the knowledge stored in a well-trained source model onto non-annotated target domain in the absence of source data. However, state-of-the-art methods for source free domain adaptation (SFDA) are subject to strict…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2021-06-24 Xin Luo , Wei Chen , Yusong Tan , Chen Li , Yulin He , Xiaogang Jia

Vision-language foundation models have shown promising zero-shot generalization for Cross-Domain Few-Shot Object Detection (CD-FSOD). However, they face two critical challenges in fine-tuning: insufficient support set utilization due to…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2026-05-29 Jiacong Liu , Shu Luo , Yikai Qin , Yaze Zhao , Yongwei Jiang , Yixiong Zou

While dense retrieval models, which embed queries and documents into a shared low-dimensional space, have gained widespread popularity, they were shown to exhibit important theoretical limitations and considerably lag behind traditional…

Information Retrieval · Computer Science 2026-04-09 Adrian Bracher , Svitlana Vakulenko

Dense passage retrieval (DPR) is the first step in the retrieval augmented generation (RAG) paradigm for improving the performance of large language models (LLM). DPR fine-tunes pre-trained networks to enhance the alignment of the…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2024-10-07 Benjamin Reichman , Larry Heck

Dense retrievers have demonstrated significant potential for neural information retrieval; however, they lack robustness to domain shifts, limiting their efficacy in zero-shot settings across diverse domains. In this paper, we set out to…

Information Retrieval · Computer Science 2025-01-27 Goksenin Yuksel , Jaap Kamps

Neural Encoders are frequently used in the NLP domain to perform dense retrieval tasks, for instance, to generate the candidate documents for a given query in question-answering tasks. However, sparse annotation and label noise in the…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2025-12-16 Arnab Sharma

Human beings can quickly adapt to environmental changes by leveraging learning experience. However, adapting deep neural networks to dynamic environments by machine learning algorithms remains a challenge. To better understand this issue,…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2021-03-24 Shixiang Tang , Peng Su , Dapeng Chen , Wanli Ouyang

Large language models (LLMs) fine-tuned for text-retrieval have demonstrated state-of-the-art results across several information retrieval (IR) benchmarks. However, supervised training for improving these models requires numerous labeled…

Information Retrieval · Computer Science 2024-06-24 William Fleshman , Benjamin Van Durme

The performance of Dense retrieval (DR) is significantly influenced by the quality of negative sampling. Traditional DR methods primarily depend on naive negative sampling techniques or on mining hard negatives through external retriever…

Information Retrieval · Computer Science 2024-12-24 Xiaopeng Li , Xiangyang Li , Hao Zhang , Zhaocheng Du , Pengyue Jia , Yichao Wang , Xiangyu Zhao , Huifeng Guo , Ruiming Tang

Enterprise search systems often struggle to retrieve accurate, domain-specific information due to semantic mismatches and overlapping terminologies. These issues can degrade the performance of downstream applications such as knowledge…

Information Retrieval · Computer Science 2025-05-27 Hansa Meghwani , Amit Agarwal , Priyaranjan Pattnayak , Hitesh Laxmichand Patel , Srikant Panda

Many discriminative natural language understanding (NLU) tasks have large label spaces. Learning such a process of large-space decision making is particularly challenging due to the lack of training instances per label and the difficulty of…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2023-10-31 Nan Xu , Fei Wang , Mingtao Dong , Muhao Chen

Dense retrievers have demonstrated significant potential for neural information retrieval; however, they exhibit a lack of robustness to domain shifts, thereby limiting their efficacy in zero-shot settings across diverse domains. Previous…

Information Retrieval · Computer Science 2025-01-27 Goksenin Yuksel , Jaap Kamps

Pseudo Labeling is a technique used to improve the performance of semi-supervised Graph Neural Networks (GNNs) by generating additional pseudo-labels based on confident predictions. However, the quality of generated pseudo-labels has been a…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2023-12-20 Weigang Lu , Ziyu Guan , Wei Zhao , Yaming Yang , Yuanhai Lv , Lining Xing , Baosheng Yu , Dacheng Tao

We consider a setting that a model needs to adapt to a new domain under distribution shifts, given that only unlabeled test samples from the new domain are accessible at test time. A common idea in most of the related works is constructing…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2023-02-28 Jun-Kun Wang , Andre Wibisono

Domain adaptive semantic segmentation aims to generate accurate and dense predictions for an unlabeled target domain by leveraging a supervised model trained on a labeled source domain. The prevalent self-training approach involves…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2024-06-28 Nazanin Moradinasab , Laura S. Shankman , Rebecca A. Deaton , Gary K. Owens , Donald E. Brown

Model compression and knowledge distillation have been successfully applied for cross-architecture and cross-domain transfer learning. However, a key requirement is that training examples are in correspondence across the domains. We show…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2017-08-30 Jong-Chyi Su , Subhransu Maji

Continuous pseudo-labeling (PL) algorithms such as slimIPL have recently emerged as a powerful strategy for semi-supervised learning in speech recognition. In contrast with earlier strategies that alternated between training a model and…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2023-02-01 Tatiana Likhomanenko , Ronan Collobert , Navdeep Jaitly , Samy Bengio

Dense retrievers have made significant strides in text retrieval and open-domain question answering. However, most of these achievements have relied heavily on extensive human-annotated supervision. In this study, we aim to develop…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2024-10-31 Rui Meng , Ye Liu , Semih Yavuz , Divyansh Agarwal , Lifu Tu , Ning Yu , Jianguo Zhang , Meghana Bhat , Yingbo Zhou

Pre-trained Language Models (PLMs) have been successful for a wide range of natural language processing (NLP) tasks. The state-of-the-art of PLMs, however, are extremely large to be used on edge devices. As a result, the topic of model…