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The emergence of foundation models, including language and vision models, has reshaped AI's landscape, offering capabilities across various applications. Deploying and fine-tuning these large models, like GPT-3 and BERT, presents…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2024-02-29 Terence Jie Chua , Wenhan Yu , Jun Zhao , Kwok-Yan Lam

As large language models (LLMs) scale to billions of parameters, full-parameter fine-tuning becomes compute- and memory-prohibitive. Parameter-efficient fine-tuning (PEFT) mitigates this issue by updating only a small set of task-specific…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2026-03-17 Xuan Cui , Huiyue Li , Run Zeng , Yunfei Zhao , Jinrui Qian , Wei Duan , Bo Liu , Zhanpeng Zhou

We study few-shot Natural Language Understanding (NLU) tasks with Large Language Models (LLMs) in federated learning (FL) scenarios. It is a challenging task due to limited labeled data and communication capacities in FL, especially with…

Distributed, Parallel, and Cluster Computing · Computer Science 2023-07-27 Jingang Jiang , Xiangyang Liu , Chenyou Fan

Transformer-based pre-trained models have revolutionized NLP for superior performance and generality. Fine-tuning pre-trained models for downstream tasks often requires private data, for which federated learning is the de-facto approach…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2023-05-10 Dongqi Cai , Yaozong Wu , Shangguang Wang , Felix Xiaozhu Lin , Mengwei Xu

The power of foundation models (FMs) lies in their capacity to learn highly expressive representations that can be adapted to a broad spectrum of tasks. However, these pretrained models require additional training stages to become effective…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2025-10-24 Jacob L. Block , Sundararajan Srinivasan , Liam Collins , Aryan Mokhtari , Sanjay Shakkottai

Vision language action models (VLAs) are increasingly used for Physical AI, but deploying a pre-trained VLA model to unseen environments, embodiments, or tasks still requires adaptation. Parameter-efficient fine-tuning (PEFT), especially…

Robotics · Computer Science 2026-03-10 Donghoon Kim , Minji Bae , Unghui Nam , Gyeonghun Kim , Suyun Lee , Kyuhong Shim , Byonghyo Shim

By adapting Large Language Models (LLMs) to domain-specific tasks or enriching them with domain-specific knowledge, we can fully harness the capabilities of LLMs. Nonetheless, a gap persists in achieving simultaneous mutual enhancement…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2026-04-24 Tao Fan , Yan Kang , Guoqiang Ma , Lixin Fan , Shuoling Liu , Kai Chen , Qiang Yang

Parameter-efficient fine-tuning techniques like Low-Rank Adaptation (LoRA) have revolutionized the adaptation of large language models (LLMs) to diverse tasks. Recent efforts have explored mixtures of LoRA modules for multi-task settings.…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2024-08-06 Lin Ning , Harsh Lara , Meiqi Guo , Abhinav Rastogi

Parameter-efficient fine-tuning (PEFT) methods reduce the computational costs of updating deep learning models by minimizing the number of additional parameters used to adapt a model to a down- stream task. While extensively researched in…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2025-08-01 Georg Slamanig , Francesco Corti , Olga Saukh

Federated learning (FL) is a promising distributed paradigm, eliminating the need for data sharing but facing challenges from data heterogeneity. Personalized parameter generation through a hypernetwork proves effective, yet existing…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2023-11-22 Ziyuan Yang , Zerui Shao , Huijie Huangfu , Hui Yu , Andrew Beng Jin Teoh , Xiaoxiao Li , Hongming Shan , Yi Zhang

Recently, we have observed that Large Multi-modal Models (LMMs) are revolutionizing the way machines interact with the world, unlocking new possibilities across various multi-modal applications. To adapt LMMs for downstream tasks,…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2024-11-04 Donghoon Kim , Gusang Lee , Kyuhong Shim , Byonghyo Shim

In traditional Federated Learning approaches like FedAvg, the global model underperforms when faced with data heterogeneity. Personalized Federated Learning (PFL) enables clients to train personalized models to fit their local data…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2024-07-24 Xinghao Wu , Jianwei Niu , Xuefeng Liu , Mingjia Shi , Guogang Zhu , Shaojie Tang

Federated Learning (FL) with parameter-efficient fine-tuning, such as Low-Rank Adaptation (LoRA), enables scalable model training on distributed data. However, when combined with Differential Privacy (DP), LoRA often introduces errors…

Cryptography and Security · Computer Science 2026-05-12 Linh Tran , Ana Milanova , Stacy Patterson

Compared to Full-Model Fine-Tuning (FMFT), Parameter Efficient Fine-Tuning (PEFT) has demonstrated superior performance and lower computational overhead in several code understanding tasks, such as code summarization and code search. This…

Software Engineering · Computer Science 2024-02-12 Shuo Liu , Jacky Keung , Zhen Yang , Fang Liu , Qilin Zhou , Yihan Liao

Adapting models pre-trained on large-scale datasets is a proven way to reach strong performance quickly for down-stream tasks. However, the growth of state-of-the-art mod-els makes traditional full fine-tuning unsuitable and difficult,…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2026-03-24 Maxime Fontana , Michael Spratling , Miaojing Shi

Fine-tuning large language models is essential for task-specific adaptation, yet it remains computationally prohibitive. Parameter-Efficient Fine-Tuning (PEFT) methods have emerged as a solution, but current approaches typically ignore the…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2025-12-01 Dayan Pan , Jingyuan Wang , Yilong Zhou , Jiawei Cheng , Pengyue Jia , Xiangyu Zhao

In federated learning, fine-tuning pre-trained foundation models poses significant challenges, particularly regarding high communication cost and suboptimal model performance due to data heterogeneity between the clients. To address these…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2025-04-22 Yongle Li , Bo Liu , Sheng Huang , ZHeng ZHang , Xiaotong Yuan , Richang Hong

Large language models (LLMs) have demonstrated remarkable success across various tasks, accompanied by a continuous increase in their parameter size. Parameter-efficient fine-tuning (PEFT) methods, such as Low-Rank Adaptation (LoRA),…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2025-02-07 Peizhuang Cong , Wenpu Liu , Wenhan Yu , Haochen Zhao , Tong Yang

Transformer-based large language models (LLMs) have achieved remarkable success across various tasks. Yet, fine-tuning such massive models in federated learning (FL) settings poses significant challenges due to resource constraints and…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2026-03-25 Bumjun Kim , Wan Choi

Vision-language pre-training (VLP) has emerged as an effective scheme for multimodal representation learning, but its reliance on large-scale multimodal data poses significant challenges for medical applications. Federated learning (FL)…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2024-11-25 Zitao Shuai , Chenwei Wu , Zhengxu Tang , Liyue Shen
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