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This paper explores the theoretical implications of quantum gravity by analyzing compact stellar objects, presenting three distinct models that serve as alternatives to traditional black holes. These models are characterized by their…
One crucial problem in relativistic astrophysics is that of the nature of black hole candidates. It is usually assumed that astrophysical black holes are described by the Schwarzschild or Kerr space-times; however, there is no direct…
In this paper, the notion of complexity factor and its implication is extended to the framework of non-conserved Rastall theory of gravity. First of all, the field equations governing a static spherical geometry associated with the…
Can the observation of the "shadow" allow us to distinguish a black hole from a more exotic compact object? We study the motion of photons in a class of vacuum static axially-symmetric space-times that is continuously linked to the…
Recent observations by the Event Horizon Telescope (EHT) indicate that the shadow of the compact object at our Galaxy's center (Sgr A*) closely resembles that of a Schwarzschild black hole. However, identifying the presence and exact…
In this work we analyse the stability of self gravitating spheres in the context of gravitational cracking. Besides exploring the role played by the anisotropy in the occurrence of cracking, we also study the effect of the complexity factor…
A compact object illuminated by background radiation produces a dark silhouette. The edge of the silhouette or shadow (alternatively, the apparent boundary or the critical curve) is commonly determined by the presence of the photon sphere…
Astrophysical compact objects are studied in the context of quadratic non-metricity gravity. The solutions to the gravitational field equations, which include fluid components, are analyzed to investigate the density and pressure properties…
We have studied the shadow and its luminosity for a static and regular phantom compact object under the static spherical accretion and the infalling spherical accretion, respectively. Comparing with the usual Schwarzschild black hole, the…
We study the optical appearance of a thin accretion disk around compact objects within the Einstein-Gauss-Bonnet gravity. Considering static spherically symmetric black holes and naked singularities we search for characteristic signatures…
This work investigates observational properties, namely the shadow and photon ring structure, of emission profiles originating near compact objects. In particular, we consider a distorted and deformed compact object characterised by two…
This study explores the application of complexity factor within the context of Rastall gravity, exploring its implications on a static spacetime admitting spherical symmetry associated with anisotropic fluids under an electromagnetic field.…
This paper investigates photon motion in black hole of Einstein-Maxwell-dilaton theory, exploring black hole shadows and observational characteristics under various accretion models. We first give the relation of the event horizon, photon…
In this paper, we introduce a new approach to study the behavior of the photon sphere and shadow radius. Our method uses extended gravitational decoupling and reveals two important analytic results. First, the additional matter field alters…
We explore the evolutionary behaviors of compact objects in a modified gravitational theory with the help of structure scalars. Particularly, we consider the spherical geometry coupled with heat and radiation emitting shearing viscous…
We explore the universal symmetries of the black hole photon ring in a wide range of non-Kerr spacetimes, including the Kerr-Newman, Kerr-Sen, Kerr-Bardeen, and Kerr-Hayward metrics. The demagnification exponent ($\gamma$) controls the size…
Is a sequence of Riemannian manifolds with positive scalar curvature, satisfying some conditions to keep the sequence reasonable, compact? What topology should one use for the convergence and what is the regularity of the limit space? In…
The following work presents a sufficiently general method for finding the parameters that characterise self-gravitating compact objects when their shadow contour is explicitly set. This method can be used in various algorithms to analyse…
Photon circular orbits, an extreme case of light deflection, are among the hallmarks of black holes and are known to play a central role in a variety of phenomena related to these extreme objects. The very existence of such orbits when…
We define compactness of a gravitational lens as the scaled closest distance of approach (i.e., $r_0/M$) of the null geodesic giving rise to an image. We model forty supermassive dark objects as Schwarzschild lenses and compute compactness…