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The multilayer perceptron (MLP), a fundamental paradigm in current artificial intelligence, is widely applied in fields such as computer vision and natural language processing. However, the recently proposed Kolmogorov-Arnold Network (KAN),…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2024-08-19 Zhuoqin Yang , Jiansong Zhang , Xiaoling Luo , Zheng Lu , Linlin Shen

The recently proposed Kolmogorov-Arnold network (KAN) is a promising alternative to multi-layer perceptrons (MLPs) for data-driven modeling. While original KAN layers were only capable of representing the addition operator, the…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2025-07-28 Benjamin C. Koenig , Suyong Kim , Sili Deng

Multi-Layer Perceptrons (MLP) are powerful tools for representing complex, non-linear relationships, making them essential for diverse machine learning and AI applications. Efficient hardware implementation of MLPs can be achieved through…

Hardware Architecture · Computer Science 2024-10-15 Maedeh Ghaderi , Arvin Delavari , Faraz Ghoreishy , Sattar Mirzakuchaki

Multi-layer perceptrons (MLPs) are a standard tool for learning and function approximation, but they inherently yield outputs that are globally smooth. As a result, they struggle to represent functions that are continuous yet deliberately…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2026-01-28 Hanting Niu , Junkai Deng , Fei Hou , Wencheng Wang , Ying He

Lipschitz-constrained neural networks have several advantages over unconstrained ones and can be applied to a variety of problems, making them a topic of attention in the deep learning community. Unfortunately, it has been shown both…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2023-12-20 Stanislas Ducotterd , Alexis Goujon , Pakshal Bohra , Dimitris Perdios , Sebastian Neumayer , Michael Unser

The Convolutional Neural Networks (CNNs) have been the dominant and effective approach for general computer vision tasks. Recently, Kolmogorov-Arnold neural networks (KANs), based on the Kolmogorov-Arnold representation theorem, have shown…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2026-04-28 Zhaoxiang Liu , Zhicheng Ma , Kaikai Zhao , Kai Wang , Shiguo Lian

Deep learning has long been dominated by multi-layer perceptrons (MLPs), which have demonstrated superiority over other optimizable models in various domains. Recently, a new alternative to MLPs has emerged - Kolmogorov-Arnold Networks…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2024-09-30 Alessandro Cacciatore , Valerio Morelli , Federica Paganica , Emanuele Frontoni , Lucia Migliorelli , Daniele Berardini

Activation functions in neural networks are typically selected from a set of empirically validated, commonly used static functions such as ReLU, tanh, or sigmoid. However, by optimizing the shapes of a network's activation functions, we can…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2025-09-24 William H Patty

Recent advancements in both representation learning and function learning have demonstrated substantial promise across diverse domains of artificial intelligence. However, the effective integration of these paradigms poses a significant…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2024-10-07 Yunhong He , Yifeng Xie , Zhengqing Yuan , Lichao Sun

In this study, we explore the impact of network topology on the approximation capabilities of artificial neural networks (ANNs), with a particular focus on complex topologies. We propose a novel methodology for constructing complex ANNs…

Neural and Evolutionary Computing · Computer Science 2023-10-24 Tommaso Boccato , Matteo Ferrante , Andrea Duggento , Nicola Toschi

We define the local complexity of a neural network with continuous piecewise linear activations as a measure of the density of linear regions over an input data distribution. We show theoretically that ReLU networks that learn…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2025-07-15 Niket Patel , Guido Montufar

Normalization layers have been shown to improve convergence in deep neural networks, and even add useful inductive biases. In many vision applications the local spatial context of the features is important, but most common normalization…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2020-05-12 Anthony Ortiz , Caleb Robinson , Dan Morris , Olac Fuentes , Christopher Kiekintveld , Md Mahmudulla Hassan , Nebojsa Jojic

The loss surfaces of deep neural networks have been the subject of several studies, theoretical and experimental, over the last few years. One strand of work considers the complexity, in the sense of local optima, of high dimensional random…

Some Deep Neural Networks (DNN) have what we call lanes, or they can be reorganized as such. Lanes are paths in the network which are data-independent and typically learn different features or add resilience to the network. Given their…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2019-08-13 Vanderson M. do Rosario , Mauricio Breternitz , Edson Borin

In this article we present new results on neural networks with linear threshold activation functions. We precisely characterize the class of functions that are representable by such neural networks and show that 2 hidden layers are…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2023-10-20 Sammy Khalife , Hongyu Cheng , Amitabh Basu

Neural networks (NNs) have emerged as a state-of-the-art method for modeling nonlinear systems in model predictive control (MPC). However, the robustness of NNs, in terms of sensitivity to small input perturbations, remains a critical…

Systems and Control · Electrical Eng. & Systems 2023-08-29 Wallace Tan Gian Yion , Zhe Wu

Recurrent Neural Networks (RNNs) have been widely used in processing natural language tasks and achieve huge success. Traditional RNNs usually treat each token in a sentence uniformly and equally. However, this may miss the rich semantic…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2018-11-14 Chang Xu , Weiran Huang , Hongwei Wang , Gang Wang , Tie-Yan Liu

In this work we introduce Lean Point Networks (LPNs) to train deeper and more accurate point processing networks by relying on three novel point processing blocks that improve memory consumption, inference time, and accuracy: a…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2020-06-17 Eric-Tuan Le , Iasonas Kokkinos , Niloy J. Mitra

Neural networks have shown great success in many machine learning related tasks, due to their ability to act as general function approximators. Recent work has demonstrated the effectiveness of neural networks in control systems (known as…

Systems and Control · Electrical Eng. & Systems 2023-07-13 Matthew Newton , Antonis Papachristodoulou

Activation functions are non-linearities in neural networks that allow them to learn complex mapping between inputs and outputs. Typical choices for activation functions are ReLU, Tanh, Sigmoid etc., where the choice generally depends on…