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While numerous forecasters have been proposed using different network architectures, the Transformer-based models have state-of-the-art performance in time series forecasting. However, forecasters based on Transformers are still suffering…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2024-11-06 Kun Yi , Jingru Fei , Qi Zhang , Hui He , Shufeng Hao , Defu Lian , Wei Fan

The scope of data-driven fault diagnosis models is greatly extended through deep learning (DL). However, the classical convolution and recurrent structure have their defects in computational efficiency and feature representation, while the…

Artificial Intelligence · Computer Science 2021-12-07 Yifei Ding , Minping Jia , Qiuhua Miao , Yudong Cao

In recent years, Transformer-based models (Transformers) have achieved significant success in multivariate time series forecasting (MTSF). However, previous works focus on extracting features either from the time domain or the frequency…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2024-11-22 Aobo Liang , Yan Sun , Nadra Guizani

Time Series Forecasting plays a crucial role in various fields such as industrial equipment maintenance, meteorology, energy consumption, traffic flow and financial investment. However, despite their considerable advantages over traditional…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2024-07-02 Ruiqi Li , Maowei Jiang , Kai Wang , Kaiduo Feng , Quangao Liu , Yue Sun , Xiufang Zhou

Reliable uncertainty quantification is critical in multivariate time series forecasting problems arising in domains such as energy systems and transportation networks, among many others. Although Transformer-based architectures have…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2026-03-13 Rajdeep Pathak , Rahul Goswami , Madhurima Panja , Palash Ghosh , Tanujit Chakraborty

Sequence modeling faces challenges in capturing long-range dependencies across diverse tasks. Recent linear and transformer-based forecasters have shown superior performance in time series forecasting. However, they are constrained by their…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2024-11-25 Bong Gyun Kang , Dongjun Lee , HyunGi Kim , DoHyun Chung , Sungroh Yoon

In recent years, numerous Transformer-based models have been applied to long-term time-series forecasting (LTSF) tasks. However, recent studies with linear models have questioned their effectiveness, demonstrating that simple linear layers…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2024-08-20 Jiaheng Yin , Zhengxin Shi , Jianshen Zhang , Xiaomin Lin , Yulin Huang , Yongzhi Qi , Wei Qi

Long-term time series forecasting is essential in areas like finance and weather prediction. Besides traditional methods that operate in the time domain, many recent models transform time series data into the frequency domain to better…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2025-03-18 Ziqi Liu

The paper develops a Transformer architecture for estimating dynamic factors from multivariate time series data under flexible identification assumptions. Performance on small datasets is improved substantially by using a conventional…

Econometrics · Economics 2026-01-21 Oliver Snellman

We propose FMMformers, a class of efficient and flexible transformers inspired by the celebrated fast multipole method (FMM) for accelerating interacting particle simulation. FMM decomposes particle-particle interaction into near-field and…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2021-08-06 Tan M. Nguyen , Vai Suliafu , Stanley J. Osher , Long Chen , Bao Wang

The intricate nature of time series data analysis benefits greatly from the distinct advantages offered by time and frequency domain representations. While the time domain is superior in representing local dependencies, particularly in…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2024-04-09 Hengyu Ye , Jiadong Chen , Shijin Gong , Fuxin Jiang , Tieying Zhang , Jianjun Chen , Xiaofeng Gao

Attention is a core component of transformer architecture, whether encoder-only, decoder-only, or encoder-decoder model. However, the standard softmax attention often produces noisy probability distribution, which can impair effective…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2025-11-11 Dhananjay Ram , Wei Xia , Stefano Soatto

Transformer is a powerful model for text understanding. However, it is inefficient due to its quadratic complexity to input sequence length. Although there are many methods on Transformer acceleration, they are still either inefficient on…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2021-09-07 Chuhan Wu , Fangzhao Wu , Tao Qi , Yongfeng Huang , Xing Xie

Transformer-based architectures dominate time series modeling by enabling global attention over all timestamps, yet their rigid 'one-size-fits-all' context aggregation fails to address two critical challenges in real-world data: (1)…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2025-09-30 Xiaowen Ma , Shuning Ge , Fan Yang , Xiangyu Li , Yun Chen , Mengting Ma , Wei Zhang , Zhipeng Liu

Time series forecasting is a key component in many industrial and business decision processes and recurrent neural network (RNN) based models have achieved impressive progress on various time series forecasting tasks. However, most of the…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2021-01-26 Zekai Chen , Jiaze E , Xiao Zhang , Hao Sheng , Xiuzheng Cheng

Traditional Transformers face a major bottleneck in long-sequence time series forecasting due to their quadratic complexity $(\mathcal{O}(T^2))$ and their limited ability to effectively exploit frequency-domain information. Inspired by…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2025-12-10 Qingyuan Yang , Shizhuo Deng , Dongyue Chen , Da Teng , Zehua Gan

Long-term weather forecasting is critical for socioeconomic planning and disaster preparedness. While recent approaches employ finetuning to extend prediction horizons, they remain constrained by the issues of catastrophic forgetting, error…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2026-05-12 Hao Chen , Tao Han , Jie Zhang , Song Guo , Fenghua Ling , Lei Bai

Forecasting multivariate time series data, such as prediction of electricity consumption, solar power production, and polyphonic piano pieces, has numerous valuable applications. However, complex and non-linear interdependencies between…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2019-09-20 Shun-Yao Shih , Fan-Keng Sun , Hung-yi Lee

Currently, iTransformer is one of the most popular and effective models for multivariate time series (MTS) forecasting. Thanks to its inverted framework, iTransformer effectively captures multivariate correlation. However, the inverted…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2025-07-17 Hongming Tan , Ting Chen , Ruochong Jin , Wai Kin Chan

Multivariate time series classification is a crucial task in data mining, attracting growing research interest due to its broad applications. While many existing methods focus on discovering discriminative patterns in time series,…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2024-12-24 Wenjie Xi , Rundong Zuo , Alejandro Alvarez , Jie Zhang , Byron Choi , Jessica Lin